2012届高考英语二轮复习 第1部分 单项填空 专题9 动词的时态与语态精品学案 新课标

专题九专题九 动词的时态与语态动词的时态与语态 专题导读专题导读 动词的时态与语态是历年高考试题中考查最多的 其中主要集中在动词的时态 或语态以 及时态语态结合起来考查 此类题目在高考题中时态占的比例非常大 有的省 市 在一 套题目中多达三个时态题 高考对被动语态的考查热点主要是及物动词的被动语态的应用 对近几年的时态考查范围多集中在一般现在时 现在进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时以 及过去完成时上 时态题多是以对话的形式或以提示词来提示时态的形式考查 如 so far before 等提示词提示时态等 技巧点拨 死记时态规则是做时态题最失败的 通过对近几年高考试题的分析 我们发现 时态题的考查有丰富的语言环境 在做时态题时要注意以下几点 1 揣摩说话人所指的时间 这是我们在解决大多数高考时态题要遵循的原则 我们知道 高考题几乎没有运 用具体时间来体现时态的 时态是通过说话人的暗示来体现 2 准确判断动作和时间的关系 即动作是在什么时间发生的 3 重视时态标志 有很多题是有时态标志的 只是我们在解题时把这些标志忽略了 如 so far 常常 是现在完成时的标志 before 常常是过去完成时的标志等 有这些标志做辅助我们解题就 容易多了 真题典例真题典例 1 2011 课标全国卷 Planning so far ahead no sense so many things will have changed by next year A made B is making C makes D has made 解析 C 句意 过早地计划没有意义 很多事情明年都要变化 考查时态 首先我 们要确定的是 过早地计划没有意义 是说话人的观点 而不是某时的动作 因此用一 般现在时 2 2011 课标全国卷 I wasn t sure if he was really interested or if he polite A was just being B will just be C had just been D would just be 解析 A 句意 我不能确定他是真地感兴趣还是只是出于礼貌而已 考查时态 参 照空格前的时态 本空格用过去时态 此空格不表达 过去的过去 或者 过去的将来 因此用进行时表达一时性的动作 3 2011 课标全国卷 When Alice came to she did not know how long she there A had been lying B has been lying C was lying D has lain 解析 A 句意 当艾丽斯醒来的时候 她不知道自己在那里躺了多久了 考查时态 显然 躺在那里的动作发生在醒来以前 且动作仍在进行中 因此用过去完成进行时 4 2011 北京卷 Experiments of this kind in both the U S and Europe well before the Second World War A have conducted B have been conducted C had conducted D had been conducted 解析 D 句意 第二次世界大战之前 这种实验就已经在美国和欧洲很好地进行 了 考查动词时态和语态 根据历史知识可知 the Second World War 发生在过去 那 么 before the Second World War 就应该是 过去的过去 另外还应该使用被动语态 故此处选择 D 5 2011 北京卷 Tom in the library every night over the last three months A works B worked C has been working D had been working 解析 C 句意 过去的三个月里 汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆工作 考查动词时态辨析 根据时间状语 every night over the last three months 可知用现在完成进行时 故选择 C 项 6 2011 北京卷 Bob has gone to California Oh can you tell me when he A has left B left C is leaving D would leaving 解析 B 句意 鲍勃已经去加利福尼亚了 噢 你能告诉我他什么时候离开的 吗 考查动词时态 根据语境 Bob has gone to California 可知 leave 动作应 该发生在过去 故此处选择 B 项 解析 C 句意 那一定是一次长途旅行 是的 到达那儿花费了我们整整一周时 间 考查动词时态 根据第一句话中 must have been 可知事情发生在过去 所以选择 C 项 7 2010 北京卷 That must have been a long trip Yeah it us a whole week to get there A takes B has taken C took D was taking 8 2010 山东卷 When I got on the bus I I had left my wallet at home A was realizing B realized C have realized D would realize 解析 B 句意 当我坐上公共汽车时 我才意识到我把钱包忘在家里了 考查动词 时态 根据句意知 when 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动作和主句的谓语动作同时发生 从句 用一般过去时 故 B 项正确 9 2010 山东卷 She was surprised to find the fridge empty the child everything A had been eating B had eaten C have eaten D have been eating 解析 B 句意 她惊奇地发现冰箱是空的 孩子们把东西吃光了 考查动词时态 由句意可知孩子们 吃光东西 是发生在她 吃惊地发现 之前 而 吃惊地发现 用一 般过去时 故 吃光东西 应为 过去的过去 即过去完成时 故选 B 10 2010 江西卷 We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody into the office during the night A broke B had broken C has broken D was breaking 解析 B 句意 我们在早晨到达工作地点时发现已经有人在前一天晚上闯进了办公 室 考查动词的时态 由句意可知用过去完成时 新题预测新题预测 1 As has been reported more measures to make the falling economics recover as soon as possible A have taken B are taking C will take D will be taken 解析 D 句意 就像所报道的那样 将会采取更多的措施来尽快恢复下降的经济 主语为 more measures 谓语应该用被动形式 本题易误选 A 2 Have you finished reading Jane Eyre No I my homework all day yesterday A was doing B would do C had done D do 解析 A 句意 你读完 简 爱 了吗 没有 我昨天一直在做作业 A 表 示一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作 题干中有 all day yesterday 时间提示为过去 应该选择与过去相关的时态 排除 D B 为过去将来时不符合题意 C 为过去完成时 使用 过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时 题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除 3 I all my homework by the time you back A will have finished come B will finish come C will have finished came D have finished will come 解析 A by the time 通常和过去完成时或将来完成时连用 其引导的从句通常使 用一般过去时或一般现在时 根据句意可知答案应选 A 4 She never goes home until she out all her newspapers A sells B had sold C will sell D has sold 解析 D 她把所有的报纸都卖出之后才回家 从句动作完成后主句动作才发生 5 My brother here a week ago What these days A got did he do B has got has he done C had got will he do D got has he been doing 解析 D 答句意为 这些天他都在干什么 用现在完成进行时 强调动作的持续 性 6 It was until then that I came to know that knowledge only from practice A has come B comes C came D had come 解析 B knowledge comes from practice 是客观真理 故用一般现在时 7 Would you please tell me what the teacher said just now She said that the earth round the sun A travels B traveled C would travel D was traveling 解析 A 宾语从句的时态通常要与主句的时态保持一致 但表示客观真理时通常用一 般现在时 8 Is this the last exam we have to take this term Yes but there another test three months from now A has B is C was D will be 解析 D but 是并列连词 three months from now 是一个将来的时间 所以用将 来时 9 Oh it s you I to see you here Where these years A don t expect have you gone B didn t expect have you been C am not expecting went D expected wi