2011年高考英语 Unit 4 Earthquakesl要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版必修1

1 必修必修 1 1 UnitUnit 4 4 EarthquakesEarthquakes 要 点 梳 理高效梳理 知识备考 重点单词 1 burst vi 爆裂 爆发 n 突然破裂 爆发 2 event n 事件 大事 3 nation n 民族 国家 国民 national adj 国家的 民族的 nationality n 国籍 4 ruin n 废墟 毁灭 vt 毁灭 使破产 5 suffering n 苦难 痛苦 suffer v 受苦 遭受 6 extreme adj 极度的 extremely adv 7 injure vt 损害 伤害 injured adj 受伤的 injury n 伤害 损害 8 destroy vt 破坏 毁坏 消灭 9 useless adj 无用的 无效的 无益的 useful 反义词 use v a B the the C a a D a the 答案 A 解析 考查冠词 第一空特指上文的消息用 the 第二空用 a 表示 一个震惊 14 2 Before the firemen arrived the whole wooden building had already been in the big fire A injured B wounded C damaged D destroyed 答案 D 解析 表示 房屋被烧毁 用 destroy 3 I was riding along the street and all of a sudden a car cut in and knocked me down You can never be careful in the street A much B very C so D too 答案 D 解析 考查 never too 表示 再 也不为过 越 越好 4 At least 203 miners were killed 22 and 13 in a coal mine gas explosion on Monday afternoon in Fuxin A injuring trapping B injured trapped C injured trapping D injuring trapped 答案 B 解析 考查过去分词 两空都与 were killed 并列 故填过去分词形式 5 the way he laughed as he told it it was meant to be humorous A Judged from B Having judged from C Judging from D After having judged from 答案 C 解析 judging from 为固定用法 从 判断 的意思 6 2010 山东潍坊质量监测 Her books were all over the dining table meant we had to eat in the kitchen A which B what C that D it 答案 A 解析 考查定语从句 语意为 她的书摆满了餐桌 这就意味着我们必须在厨房吃饭了 which 引 导的是非限制性定语从句 代替主句所表达的整个内容 故选 A 项 7 2010 四川绵阳中学 When a boy with dirty spots on the face came in people 15 present all burst laughing while he burst tears A into in B into out C out into D out in 答案 C 解析 考查固定搭配 句意 当一个满脸脏兮兮的男孩进来时 在场的人都笑起来 而他却哭起 来 burst out laughing 表示 突然大笑起来 burst into tears 表示 突然大哭起来 都是 固定搭配 8 His head was in the book he was reading A devoted B addicted C buried D absorbed 答案 C 解析 bury oneself one s head in 埋头于 专心于 be addicted to be devoted to be absorbed in 专心于 其主语皆为人 9 This year an increased number of drivers for driving after drinking A have punished B have been punished C has punished D has been punished 答案 B 解析 a number of 复数名词 做主语时 谓语动词用复数 此句中应用被动语态 10 The tsunami killed people in South and Southeast Asia A ten thousands B ten thousands of C tens of thousand D tens of thousands of 答案 D 解析 tens of thousands of 意为 数以万计的 11 There seems something wrong with the car I can t start it A as if B that C to be D to have 答案 C 解析 考查 seem 的用法 用在 there be 句型中 故用 There seems to be 12 He made a mistake but then he corrected the situation it got worse A until B when C before D as 答案 C 16 解析 考查 before 引导时间状语从句 13 2010 福建六校三联 On Christmas Eve the English evening singing the song The Unforgettable Tonight A came up B drew up C ran up D ended up 答案 D 解析 考查动词词组辨析 come up 出现 发生 draw up 起草 run up 积欠 债务等 end up 结束 语意 圣诞前夜 英语晚会以歌曲 难忘今宵 结束 因此 D 项正确 14 he is doing an operation on the patient please don t disturb him A Right away B Right now C In no time D At once 答案 B 解析 四个短语都有 立即 马上 之意 但 right now 还有 现在 此时此刻 之意 句意为 他目前正在给病人做手术 请不要打扰他 15 We can t have lunch at the restaurant because A all of us don t have money B not all of us have money C everyone of us don t have money D none of us has money 答案 D 解析 考查部分否定与全部否定 A B C 均为部分否定 D 项为全部否定 据题意选 D 阅读理解 A Last year I lived in Chile for half a year I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager I had good days and bad days I didn t understand Chuquicamata my host community is a mining camp When I arrived there I was scared It was so different from what I was used to There were lots of dogs on the streets and there was no downtown few smoothly paved streets and little to do for entertainment Rain was not seen very often earthquakes and windstorms were frequent 17 I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock I couldn t speak the thoughts in my head and there were so many Most exchange students experience this like me Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite 食 欲 I was required to overcome all the difficulties As time passed everything changed I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people And I took math physics chemistry biology Spanish art and philosophy But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others 1 The author went to Chile last year with the purpose of A paying a visit to Chile as a tourist B experiencing Chilean life as a teacher C studying Chilean culture as a college student D studying knowledge as an exchange student 答案及解析 1 D 细节理解题 综合第三段的 I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class 和第四段的 Most exchange students experience this like me 可判断作者是一名交换生 2 On arriving in Chile why did the author feel frightened A Because he did not know how to get along with the local people B Because it was full of dangers like earthquakes and windstorms C Because its living conditions were worse than what he was used to D Because it was not convenient for him to shop there 18 答案及解析 2 C 细节理解题 文章第二段提到 It was so different from what I was used to 再从街道环境 购物环境 娱乐设施 自然条件等方面描写智利比较差的生活条件 由此可知作 者是因为智利生活条件比他原先习惯的生活差许多而产生恐惧心理 3 In the first week in Chile the author A was not used to eating Chilean food B had some friends to have a chat with C couldn t communicate with people D couldn t express his thoughts in English 答案及解析 3 A 细节理解题 来到智利的第一周 作者还在承受着 culture shock 的痛苦 综合第四段 Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite 食欲 和第五段的 As time passed everything changed I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food 可判断 不习惯智利的饮食是作者来到智利的第一周出现的 4 What did the author most probably think of his life in Chile A Wonderful and worthwhile B Difficult but meaningful C Difficult and meaningless D Boring and disappointing 答案及解析 4 B 推理判断题 综合第四段的 I was required to overcome all the difficulties 和 最后一段 But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain 可知 作者最有可能 会认为自己在智利的生活不容易 但尽管如此还是很有意义的 因为它让作者学到了很多东西 5 According to the passage which of the following statements about Chile is true A Its official language is Spanish and English B It is a developing country without foreign students C It seldom rains and natural disasters often happen D Most Chileans are not friendly to foreigners 19 答案及解析 5 C 细节理解题 根据第二段的 Rain was not seen very often earthquakes and windstorms were frequent 可判断 C 项正确 B It seems that politicians around the world are thinking about the health of their countries While in China Chen Zhu has announced his plans for a universal health service and reform across health services Gordon Brown the UK Prime Minister has also announced he is planning to make some changes in our health service The crux of Mr Brown s proposals is related to giving the NHS National Health Service a greater focus on prevention rather than just curing patients He is planning to introduce increased screening for common diseases such as heart disease strokes and cancer for example breast cancer In Britain there are 200 000 deaths a year from heart attacks and strokes many of which might have been avoided if the condition had been known about Initially the diagnostic 诊断的 tests will be available for those who are vulnerable or most likely to have the disease One example is a plan to offer all men over 65 an ultrasound test to check for problems with the main artery 动脉 a condition which kills 3 000 men a year The opposition have criticized Mr Brown s proposals saying that they are just a trick and claiming that there is no proper timetable for the changes They also say that Mr Brown is reducing the money available for the treatment of certain conditions while putting more money towards testing for them The NHS was founded in 1948 and is paid for by taxation The idea is that the rich pay more towards the health service than the poor However in recent years there has been a great increase in the use of private healthcare because it s much quicker NHS waiting lists for operations can be very long so many people who can afford it choose to pay for medical care themselves 20 6 The underlined word vulnerable in the fourth paragraph probably means A sick B weak C wounded D old 答案及解析 6 B 词义猜测题 根据其后一句 or most likely to have the disease 可知此处为 体弱者 7 All the following statements are true EXCEPT that A all people should pay for their healthcare at the NHS B some people are against the reform of the healthcare C the writer is likely to come from Britain D more money will be spent on testing people than before 答案及解析 7 A 细节理解题 根据文章最后一段可知 能够负担得起费用的人们常常自己花钱去看病 这 也就是说人们本来可以不用花钱的 故选项 A 不正确 为答案 选项 B 根据文章倒数第二段可知 反对党对这个建议进行了批判 选项 C 根