2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习 语法精品时态和语态

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精品时态和语态届高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精品时态和语态 时态用法例句 时态构成 主动 被动 常见搭配词 一般 现在 时 do doesis doneevery day every year often usually 一般 过去 时 didwas donelast year last Friday in the past two days ago just now in1996 现在 进行 时 is doing is being donenow at present this week these days 过去 进行 时 was doingwas being doneat 8 yesterday at this time yesterday 含 when he came in 等的主 句 将来 进行 时 will be doing will be being done at 8 tomorrow at this time tomorrow 含 when he arrives in sp 等的主句 现在 完成 时 have done would be being done by now up to now up till now so far for 时间段 次数等 in the last past 时间段 This is the 次数 that 从句 This is 最高级 that 从句 含 since 过去时间的主句 5 already yet recently just this morning this year ever never 等 过去 完成 时 had donehad been done 1 by 过去的时间 时间段 before before 过去的时间点 had hardly done when had no sooner done than 等 2 had hoped had planned 等表过去没 有实现的计划打算希望等 一般 将来 时 will do is going to do will be done is going to be done next year 2 hours later When he comes back in 时间段 过去 将来 时 would do was going to do would be done was going to be done the next day 等 现在 完成 进行 时 have been doing 无被动 1 含 since 过去时间的主句 2 in the last past 时间段 3 all morning all night all these days 等 用心 爱心 专心 2 一般现 在时 现在经常动作 现状 客观 真理 时间条件状语从句表将 来 固定时刻表将要发生的 动作 He gets up early every day Chen Wei likes English Time is money If you come tomorrow I ll tell you The planes arrives at 2 一般过 去时 过去的经常动作 过去先后 发生的动作 过去的状态 先前不知道的 先前没有 估计到的事情或 He went to school on foot when he was young He stayed there for a month and came back Oh it s you I didn t know you were here 现在进 行时 现在正在进行的动作 或 者现阶段一直在进行的动 作 逐渐进行 强烈感情 色彩 表将来 We re having a class now We are reviewing grammar these days It s getting warmer and warmer He is forever working He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow 过去进 行时 过去某个时刻点正在进行 过去某时间段一直在进行 的动作 某人正在做某事 另一事 情突然发生 When sb saw arrived came 另 一人正在做某事 He was watching TV at 8a m yesterday They were building a bridge last winter but I don t know if it is completed When he was riding a bike he fell down When we saw him he was singing 将来进 行时 将来某个时刻点正在进行 的动作或将来某个时间段 一直会进行的动作 含 when he arrives in sp 等的主句 He will be having a meeting at this time tomorrow We ll climb the mountain all next week When you arrive there we will be waiting for you 一般将 来时 现在之后将要发生的动作 或存在的状态 将来时的表示法有几种 is going to will do 各种人称 shall do 一般仅用于第 一人称 be to do be doing 表示近期计划 或一些方向移动的动词 come go leave arrive 等 do does 按固定时刻表将 He will is going to visit me tomorrow The chairman is to visit America next month The train leaves at 8 let s hurry We are spending a holiday in Hainan next week 注意 will be going to de 区别 1 含时间条件状语从句的主句 只用 2 客观将来 用 3 话语前的将来用 说话时的将来用 4 迹象表明的将来用 注意 时间 条件 让步状语从句中用现在时表将 来 I don t know when he come But when he come she 用心 爱心 专心 3 要发生的动作 call me 过去将 来时 过去某个时间或动作之后 将要发生的事情 注意 was going to 可以 表示 相当于 She said she would come the next day He was about to go out when it began to rain He was leaving when it began to rain He was going to help me but he was too busy 现在完 成进行 时 动作从过去开始一直延续 到现在刚刚结束 或是还 将延续下去 You ve come at last I ve been waiting for you for 3 hours Why are you so tired I ve been cleaning the house all the morning People have been taking vitamins since last century 现在完 成时 表示动作到现在为止已经 完成 并对现在仍然有影 响 也可以表示动作过去开始 一直延续到现在或是状态 一直延续到现在 部分延 续性单词 如 study work teach live 用现 在完成时和现在完成进行 时没有区别 注意事项 1 短暂性动词 的肯定形式不能与时间段 搭配 如句中有时间段 必须把句子中的短暂动词 改为延续性动词 如果没 有相应的延续性动词 就 将句子时间段改为时间点 时态改为过去时 注意事项 2 某些短暂性 动词要是与时间段搭配要 改成相应的状态动词 注意事项 3 has been to has gone to 注意事项 He has come I have had the camera for 3 years I haven t seen him since then We have studied here for more than one year We have been studying here for By now we have learned 3000 words He has visited Beijing many times They have been studying a medicine to cure cancer in the past ten years maybe they will succeed soon This is the first time I have come to Beijing It is the best film I have ever seen I haven t seen him since he left here He has been doing my job since I fell ill 但是 It is has been 时间段 since 从句 It is has been 6 years since I came to Zhuzhou Has he come back yet Yes he has already come back 注意事项 1 Eg I have received the letter for 2 days He has died for 2 years 注意事项 2 die join the army get up come 用心 爱心 专心 4 go leave buy borrow get married fall asleep lose work lose touch 注意事项 3 He Shanghai I don t know when he will come back He Shanghai 3times so he is very familiar with it 过去完 成时 过去某个时间或动作之前 发生的事情 即过去的过 去注意 用过去完成时还 可以表示过去未曾实现的 愿望 打算或意图 常用 动词有 hope think expect in tend mean suppose wa nt 等 She said she had never seen a foreign film before By then they had learned 3000 words By the time we arrived he had finished the task He had done it 3 years before He had done it before last Friday When we got to the station the train had left We had hardly received his call when we got down to doing it They had wanted to help but couldn t get here in time They wanted to have helped 被动语态 情态动词的语态 以 must 为例 形式主动被动 一般式 进行式 完成式 翻译 这个工作必须马上完成 变疑问句 变否定句 注 一 被动用法注意事项 1 带双宾语的主动结构的句子 或含名词的短语后接宾语的句子 She teaches us English We should pay attentiong to spelling We must make use of time 2 主动语态中不带 to 的不定式做宾补时变被动必须带上 to We made him work alone 3 短语动词用于被动语态应该作为一个整体 不能丢掉其中的副词或介词 You can put off the meeting 用心 爱心 专心 5 4 有些及物动词和及物动词短语 多表示静态 不能用于被动语态 如 have own cost last lack hold fit agree with 等 5 不及物动词没有被动语态 如 happen take place appear 等 二 必须用主动表被动的情况 1 need want require 需要 要求 deserve 应得 值得 be worth 值得 not bear 经不住 doing to be done My hair wants cutting to be cut 2 不定式作定语 放在被修饰词的后面 如果句子中出现不定式的逻辑主语 不定式要用主 动表被动 I have nothing to do He is looking for a room to live in 3 形容词后常用不定式的主动表被动 The job is easy to do 4 某些单词特殊的固定用法 You are to blame for the accident 5 联系动词没有被动语态 The theory proved true The theory was proved by him 6 can t won t 表示由于主语本身出了毛病而 无法 不能 且后面动词常为 lock shut open act write cut wear 等 这些动词常用主动表示被动 It can t move The door won t open 7 一些动词 sell wash clean cook drive cut 如果用于表示主语的性质如何 常用主动 后面 well easily perfectly 等副词 The coat washes easily The book sells well 三 被动语态和系表结构区别 被动语态表主语是动作的承受着 系表结构表主语的特征或状态 Our building is surrounded with trees Our building is surrounded by enemies The book is well written The book is written by Lu Xun 试题汇编 1 So far this year we a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent 2008 福建卷 A saw B see C had seen D have seen 2 The moment I got home I found I my jacket on the playground 2008 陕 西卷 A had left B left C have left D was leaving 3 Did you go to the show last night Yeah Every boy and girl in the area invited 2008 陕西卷 A were B have been C has been D was 4 Though we don t know what was discussed yet we can feel the topic 2008 陕西卷 A had changed B will change C was changed D has been changed 用心 爱心 专心 6 5 Judy is going to marry the sailor she in Rome last year 2008 重庆卷 A meets B met C has met D would meet 6 The telephone but by the time I got indoors it stopped 2008 四川卷 A had rung B was ringing C rings D has rung 7 If their marketing plans succeed they their sales by 20 percent 全 国卷 II A will increase B have been increasing C have increased D would be increasing 8 Have you known Dr Jackson for a long time Yes since she the Chinese Society 2008 全国卷 1 A has joined B joins C had joined D joined 9 We first met on a train in 2000 We both felt immediately that we each other for years 2008 辽宁卷 A knew B have known C had known D know 10 Have you got any job offers No I 2008 辽宁卷 A waited B had been waiting C have waited D am waiting 11 Do you think we should accept that offer Yes we should for we such bad luck up till now and time out 08 江西 卷 A have had is running B had is running C have has been run D have had has been run 12 I called Hannah many times yesterday evening but I couldn t get through Her brother on the phone all the time 2008 湖南卷 A was talking B has been talking C has talked D talked 13 Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya Who it 2008 北京卷 A writes B has written C wrote D had written 14 The hotel wasn t particularly good But I in many worse hotels 2008 北 京卷 A was staying B stayed C would stay D had stayed 15 Population experts predict that most people cities in the near future 08 上海春招 A live B would live C will live D have lived 16 He as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics 2008 重庆 A regarded B was regarded C has regarded D had been regarded 17 The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front to arrive 08 全国卷 1 A is expected B is expecting C expects D will be expected 18 I hear they ve promoted Tom but he didn t mention when we talked on the phone 2008 江西卷 A to promote B having been promoted 用心 爱心 专心 7 C having promoted D to be promoted 19 Do you have any problems if you this job Well I m thinking about the salary 2008 湖南卷 A offer B will offerC are offered D will be offered 20 In recent years many football clubs as business to make a profit 2008 年上海卷 A have run B have been run C had been run D will run 2009 年高考英语试题分类汇编 动词时态和语态 09 湖南 1 Please do me a favor my friend Mr Smith to Youth Theater at 7 30 tonight A to invite B inviting C invite D invited 09 福建 2 Why does the Lake smell terrible Because large quantities of water A have polluted B is being polluted C has been polluted D have been polluted 09 福建 3 According to the literary review Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays A will make B had made C was making D makes 09 福建 4 For a moment nothing happened Then all shouting together A voices had come B came voices C voices would come D did voices come 09 湖南 5 Would you please keep silent The weather report and I want to listen A is broadcast B is being broadcast C has been broadcast D had been broadcast 09 湖南 6 The food here is nice enough My friend me a right place A introduces B introduced C had introduced D was introducing 09 安徽 7 Daniel s family their holiday in Huangshan this time next week A are enjoying B are to enjoy C will enjoy D will be enjoying 09 江西 8 At present one of the apartments in favor of the new airport that it will going a lot jobs to the area A is B are C will be D were 09 江西 9 What is the price of petrol these days Oh it sharply since last month A is raised B has risen C has arisen D is increased 09 江西 10 Do you want a lift home It s very kind of you but I have to work late in the office I overslept this morning because my morning clock A doesn t go off B won t go off C wasn t going off D didn t go off 09 海南 11 His sister left home in 1998 and 用心 爱心 专心 8 since A had not been heard of B has not been heard of C had not heard of D has not heard of 09 山东 12 The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities rising steadily since1990 A is B are C has been D have been 09 山东 13 I was out of town at the time so I don t know exactly how it A was happening B happened C happens D has happened 09 陕西 14 Dr Smith together with his wife and daughters visit Beijing this summer A is going to B are going to C was going to D were going to 09 陕西 15 This is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family A see B had seen C saw D have seen 09 上海 16 Mary went to the box office at lunch time but all the tickets out A would sell B had sold C have sold D was selling 09 四川 17 Why don t we choose that road to save time The bridge to it A has repaired B is repaired C is being repaired D will be repaired 09 四川 18 You speak very good French Thanks I French in Sichuan University for four years A studied B study C was studying D had studied 09 浙江 19 What do you think of the movie It s fantastic The only pity is that I the beginning of it A missed B had missed C missD would miss 09 浙江 Over the past decades sea ice in the Arctic as a result of global warming A had decreased B decreased C has been decreasing D is decreasing 09 重庆 20 She stared at the painting wondering where she it A saw B has seen C sees D had seen 09 重庆 21 I ve got to go now Must you I you could stay for dinner with us A think B thought C have thought D am thinking 09 重庆 22 Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future to the well educated A belongs B is belonged C is belonging D will be belonged 09 全国 2 23 Progress so far very good and we are sure that the 用心 爱心 专心 9 work will be finished on time A was B had been C has been D will be 09 江苏 24 The population of Jiangsu to more than twice what it was in 1949 The figure is now approaching 74 million A has grownB have grown C grew D are growing 09 江苏 25 Hi Terry can I use your computer for a while this afternoon Sorry A It s repaired B It has been repaired C It s being repaired D It had been repaired 09 江苏 26 Ann is in hospital Oh really I know I go and visit her A didn t am going to B don t would C don t will D didn t will 天津 09 27 My parents in Hong Kong They were born there and have never lived anywhere else A live B Lived C were living D will live 辽宁 09 28 My parents have promised to come to see me before I for Africa A have left B leave C left D will leave 辽宁 09 29 Excuse me Marcia a reporter from Vanity Fair all day Could you speak to her now A phones B has phoned C has been phoning D phoned 09 北京 30 The way the guests in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service A treated B were treated C would treat D would be treated 31 09 北京 When I talked with my grandma on the phone she sounded weak but by the time we up her voice had been full of life A were hangingB had hungC hung D would hung 09 湖南 32 When he the door he found his keys were nowhere A would openB openedC had openedD was to open 09 全国 I 33 Edward you play so well But I you played the piano A didn t know B hadn t known C don t know D haven t known 上海 09 34 During the period of recent terrorist activities people not to touch any unattended bag A had always been warned B were always being warned C are always warning D always warned 10 上海 28 Every few years the coal workers their lungs X rayed to ensure their health A are having B have C have had D had had 31 The church tower which will be open to tourists soon The work is almost finished 用心 爱心 专心 10 A has restored B has been restored C is restoring D is being restored 10 福建 28 Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money making jobs they before leaving their hometowns A promised B were promised C have promisedD have been promised 31 Guess what we ve got our visas for a short term visit to the UK this summer How nice You a different culture then A will be experiencing B have experienced C have been experiencingD will have experienced 10 安徽 28 Were you surprised by the ending of the film No I the book so I already knew the story A was reading B had read C am reading D have read 34 We ve spent too much money recently well it isn t surprising Our friend and relatives around all the time A are coming B had come C were coming D have been coming 10 湖南 24 This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year A was named B named C is named D names 27 I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it Was it you A has done B had done C would do D will do 31 I walked slowly through the market where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed A sell B were selling C had sold D have sold 34 I m tired out I all afternoon and I don t seem to have finished anything A shopped B have shopped C had shopped D have been shopping 10 江西 30 Mother wanted to be a good provider a role she since her marriage to Father A shoulders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering 10 山东 29 The living room is clean and tidy with a dining table already for a meal to be cooked A laid B laying C to lay D being laid 30 Up to now the program thousands of children who would otherwise have died A would save B saves C had saved D has saved 10 天津 4 We on this project for four hours Let s have a rest A are working B have been working C worked D had worked 10 Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show 用心 爱心 专心 11 of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo A are exhibiting B is exhibiting C are being exhibited D is being exhibited 10 四川 11 In many people s opinion that company though relatively small is pleasant A to deal with B dealing with C to be dealt with D dealt with 16 一 When shall we restart our business 一 Not until we our plan A will finish B are finishing C are to finish D have finished 18 You ve failed to do what you to and I m afraid the teacher will blame you A will expect B will be expected C expected D were expected 15 Linda make sure the table before the guests arrive A be set B set C are set D are setting 19 Excuse me I I was blocking your wa