软件工程选择题.doc

“耶”随着一阵欢呼声及掌声，我们的指挥走上舞台，领下“红歌比赛一等奖”的奖状。 你可别以为这只是一个偶然的画面，要知道，这次的成功可是用我们的汗水所换来的。 早在两个月以前，我们就接到了要举办“红歌比赛”的通知。本来时间还早，其他班对此还不大重视，可我们班的班主任似乎一刻也不能等，不仅给我们排好了班歌，还让我们在每天早晨、下午练歌，让我们做着充足的准备迎接挑战。有一次，我们班主任还特的请来了一位音乐老师来指导我们，特别准备了两节课来练歌。当然，我们也不负众望，练得十分认真：有的脸涨红了;有的嗓子练哑了;有的甚至还在这严寒之际，唱出了汗水，渗透了衣裳。离红歌比赛还有一两周了。我们班主任又给我们编了队形，还给我们制出了道具：整个道具呈圆形，飞盘状，一面是咱们班“北山雄鹰”的班徽，一面是代表咱们六班每一棵“小树苗”的绿叶。你可别小看它，它不仅是我们比赛的制胜“法宝”，而且，为了给我们班69名同学每人一个，我们班的几位同学硬是忍冻挨饿，直至晚上十点半左右，才完成了那69个道具。还有几天就要比赛了，同学们抓的更紧了。在一次训练时，一个调皮的同学问道：“老师，你说我们会拿一等奖吗?”这句话打破了紧张的练习，大家都把目光投向班主任那儿。班主任笑着说：“当然啦!我们付出了这么多，如果连我们也拿不到第一，那恐怕就没有人敢去夺第一了。”班主任的一番话有使我们信心大增，再次点燃了我们心中的斗志，想着比赛做着最后的冲刺。比赛当天，我们班除了领唱和指挥，其余人员全部穿着统一色的校服，配上鲜艳的红领巾，再加上耀眼的班徽，给人一种“不拿第一，誓不罢休”的感觉。比赛时，我们忘却了练习时的辛苦，忘掉了站在舞台上的紧张，只是注视着指挥的每一个手势、每一个动作，满怀激情地唱出那嘹亮的歌声，完全沉浸在这优美的旋律里。知道主持人说出：“红歌比赛一等奖的获得者是初20级6班!”便出现了开头的那一幕。成功的花，人们只惊慕她现时的明艳!然而当初她的芽儿，渗透了奋斗的泪泉，洒遍了牺牲的血雨。chapter 11. Which question no longer concerns the modern software engineeringWhy does computer hardware cost so much? Why does software take a long time to finish? Why does it cost so much to develop a piece of software? Why cant software errors be removed from products prior to delivery? Answer: a2.Today the increased power of the personal computer has brought about an abandonment of the practice of team development of software. True False Answer: b3.Software is a product and can be manufactured using the same technologies used for other engineering artifacts. True FalseAnswer: b4.Software deteriorates rather than wears out because Software suffers from exposure to hostile environments.Defects are more likely to arise after software has been used often.Multiple change requests introduce errors in component interactions.Software spare parts become harder to order.Answer: c5. Most software continues to be custom built because a. Component reuse is common in the software world. b. Reusable components are too expensive to use. c. Software is easier to build without using someone elses components. d. Off-the-shelf software components are unavailable in many application domains. Answer: d6. The nature of software applications can be characterized by their information a. complexity b. content c. determinacy d. both b and c Answer: d7. Change cannot be easily accommodated in most software systems, unless the system was designed with change in mind. True FalseAnswer: a8. The functionality of most computer systems does not need to be enhanced the lifetime of the system. TrueFalseAnswer: bchapter 21.Which of the items listed below is not one of the software engineering layers? Answer: bProcess Manufacturing MethodsTools 2.Software engineering umbrella activities are only applied during the initial phases of software development projects. Answer: bTrue False 3.Which of these are the 5 generic software engineering framework activities? Answer: acommunication, planning, modeling, construction, deployment communication, risk management, measurement, production, reviewing analysis, designing, programming, debugging, maintenance analysis, planning, designing, programming, testing 4.Which of these terms are level names in the Capability Maturity Model? Answer: ePerformed RepeatedReusedOptimizedBoth a and d5. Which of the items listed below is not one of the process patterns. Answer: da. Intent b. Solutionc. Resulting Contextd. Output 6. Process technology tools allow software organizations to compress schedules by skipping unimportant activities. Answer: b a. True b. False 7. It is generally accepted that one cannot have weak software processes and create high quality end products. Answer: aTrue False8. The tasks (and degree of rigor) for each activity are always unchanged. Answer: bTrueFalsechapter 31.The linear sequential model of software development is Answer：aA reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. A good approach when a working program is required quickly. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. An old fashioned model that cannot be used in a modern context. 2.The linear sequential model of software development is also known as the Answer：eClassical life cycle model Fountain model Spiral model Waterfall model both a and d3.The incremental model of software development is Answer：bA reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. A good approach when a working core product is required quickly.The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. A revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products.4.The rapid application development model is Answer：cAnother name for component-based development.A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly.A high speed adaptation of the linear sequential model.All of the above.5. Evolutionary software process models Answer：dAre iterative in natureCan easily accommodate product requirements changes Do not generally produce throwaway systemsAll of the above6. The prototyping model of software development is Answer：b a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly. c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. d. A risky model that rarely produces a meaningful product. 7. Which of these is not one of the phase names defined by the Unified Process model for software development? Answer：dInception phase Elaboration phaseConstruction phaseValidation phase 8. In the Unified Process model requirements are determined iteratively and may span more than one phase of the process. Answer：aTrueFalsechapter 4Chapter 55. UML notations that can be used to model the hardware and software elements of a system are Activity diagrams Class diagrams Deployment diagrams Use-case diagrams a, b, and cAnswer: e 6. The system model template contains which of the following elements a. input b. output c. user interface d. all of above Answer: d7. The top level of the hierarchical model of a system is known as the AFD DFD SCD SFD Answer: cChapter 61.In requirements validation the requirements model is reviewed to ensure its technical feasibility. TrueFalseAnswer: b2.In win-win negotiation, the customers needs are met even though the developers need may not be. TrueFalseAnswer: b3.Which of the following is not one of the context-free questions that would be used during project inception? What will be the economic benefit from a good solution? Who is against this project? Who will pay for the work? Who will use the solution? Answer: b4.The use of traceability tables helps to debug programs following the detection of run-time errors determine the performance of algorithm implementations identify, control, and track requirements changes none of the above Answer: c5. The system specification describes the Function, performance and constraints of a computer-based system implementation of each allocated system element software architecture time required for system simulation Answer: a6. Use-case actors are always people, never system devices. a. True b. False Answer: b 7. Which of the following is not one of the requirement classifications used in Quality Function Deployment (QFD)? exciting expected mandatory normal Answer: cChapter 71.Which of these is not an element of an object-oriented analysis model?Answer: cBehavioral elementsClass-based elementsData elementsScenario-based elements2.Which of the following is not an objective for building an analysis model? Answer: cdefine set of software requirements that can be validateddescribe customer requirementsdevelop an abbreviated solution for the problemestablish basis for software design3. The data flow diagram: Answer: edepicts relationships between data objectsdepicts functions that transform the data flowindicates how data are transformed by the systemindicates system reactions to external eventsboth b and c4.Which of the following items does not appear on a CRC card? Answer: cclass collaboratorsclass nameclass reliabilityclass responsibilities5. For purposes of behavior modeling a state is any consumer or producer of data.data object hierarchy.observable mode of behavior.well defined process.Answer: c6. Attributes cannot be defined for a class until design has been completed. a. True b. False Answer: b7. Operations are object procedures that are invoked when an object receives a message. True FalseAnswer: a8. UML activity diagrams are useful in representing which analysis model elements? a. Behavioral elements b. Class-based elements c. Flow-based elements d. Scenario-based elements Answer: dChapter 81.Which of the following are areas of concern in the design model? Answer: e architecturedatainterfaceproject scopea, b and c2.Which of these are characteristics of a good design? Answer: e exhibits strong coupling between its modulesimplements all requirements in the analysis modelincludes test cases for all componentsprovides a complete picture of the softwareboth b and d3.Information hiding makes program maintenance easier by hiding data and procedure from unaffected parts of the program. Answer: aTrueFalse4.Cohesion is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module Answer: bcan be written more compactly.focuses on just one thing.is able to complete its function in a timely manner.is connected to other modules and the outside world.5. Coupling is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a moduleAnswer: dcan be written more compactly.focuses on just one thing.is able to complete its function in a timely manner.is connected to other modules and the outside world.6. Polymorphism reduces the effort required to extend an object system by Answer: b coupling objects together more tightly.enabling a number of different operations to share the same namemaking objects more dependent on one another.removing the barriers imposed by encapsulation.7. Which design model elements are used to depict a model of information represented from the users view? Answer: cArchitectural design elementsComponent-level design elementsData design elementsInterface design elements8. Which design is analogous to the floor plan of a house? Answer: a a. Architectural design elements b. Component-level design elements c. Data design elements d. Interface design elements9. Which design model is analogous to the detailed drawings of the access points and external utilities for a house?Architectural design elementsComponent-level design elementsData design elementsInterface design elementsAnswer: d10. Which design model is analogous to a set of detailed drawings for each room in a house? a. Architectural design elements b. Component-level design elements c. Data design elements d. Interface design elements Answer: b11. The deployment design elements specify the build order for the software components. a. True b. False Answer: b12. One of the key problems in software reuse is the inability to find existing reusable design patterns when hundreds of candidates exist. a. True b. False Answer: aChapter 91. An architectural style encompasses which of the following elements?Answer: e a. constraintsb. set of components c. semantic modelsd. syntactic modelse. a, b and c 2. During the process of modeling the system in context, systems that interact with the target system are not represented as Answer: d a. Peer-level systemsb. Subordinate systemsc. Super-ordinate systemsd. Working systems 3. When the overall flow in a segment of a data flow diagram is largely sequential and follows straight-line paths, _ is present. Answer: d a. low couplingb. Good modularityc. transaction flowd. transform flow 4. When you encounter both transform flow and transaction flow in the same DFD the flow is partitioned and the appropriate mapping technique is used on each part of the DFD. Answer: a a. Trueb. False 5. When a single item that triggers other data flow along one of many paths of a data flow diagram, _ characterizes the information flow.Answer: c a. high couplingb. poor modularityc. transaction flowd. transform flow 6. In transaction mapping the first level factoring results in the Answer: b a. creation of CFD.b. derivation of control hierarchyc. distribution of work modulesd. refinement of the module view 7. A successful application of transform or transaction mapping to create an architectural design is supplemented by Answer: ea. entity relationship diagramb. module interface descriptionsc. processing narratives for each moduled. test case for each modulee. Both b and c 8. The best representation of system architecture is an operational software prototype. Answer: b a. True b. False Chapter 101. In the context of object-oriented software engineering a component contains a. attributes and operationsb. instances of each class c. roles for each actor (device or user)d. a set of collaborating classesAnswer: d 2. In traditional software engineering, modules must serve in which of the following roles? a. Control componentb. Infrastructure componentc. Problem domain componentd. All of the above Answer: d 3.Which of the following is not one of the four principles used to guide component-level design?a. Dependency Inversion Principleb. Parsimonious Complexity Principlec. Interface Segregation Principled. Open-Closed Principle Answer: b 4.Classes and components that exhibit functional, layer, or communicational cohesion are relatively easy to implement, test, and maintain. Answer: a a. Trueb. False 5. In component design, elaboration does not require which of the following elements to be described in detail? a. Source codeb. Attributesc. Interfacesd. Operations e. b, c and dAnswer: a 6. In component-level design persistent data sources refer to Answer: e a. Component librariesb. Databasesc. Filesd. All of the above e. Both b and c 7. The object constraint language (OCL) complements UML by allowing a software engineer to use a formal grammar to construct unambiguous statements about design model elements. a. Trueb. False Answer: a 8. Which of these criteria are useful in assessing the effectiveness of a particular design notation? a. maintainability b. modularity c. simplicity d. size e. a, b, and c Answer: e Chapter 111. Which of the following interface design principles does not allow the user to remain in control of the interaction with a computer?Answer: d a. allow interaction to interruptibleb. allow interaction to be undoable c. hide technical internals from casual usersd. only provide one defined method for accomplishing a task 2. Which of the following interface design principles reduces the users memory load? Answer: e a. define intuitive shortcutsb. disclose information in a progressive fashionc. establish meaningful defaultsd. provide an on-line tutoriale. answers a, b and c3. Interface consistency implies that Answer: e a. each application should have its own distinctive look and feelb. input mechanisms remain the same throughout the applicationc. navigational methods are context sensitive d. visual information is organized according to a design standarde. both b and d4. The reason for reducing the users memory load is make his or her interaction with the computer quicker to complete. Answer: b a. Trueb. False 5. Which model depicts the profile of the end users of a computer system?Answer: c a. design model b. implementation model c. user model d. users model 6. Which of these framework activities is not normally associated with the user interface design processes? Answer: a a. cost estimationb. interface constructionc. interface validation d. user and task analysis 7. Which approach(es) to user task analy