大学英语上试题带答案2.doc

窗体顶端窗体顶端1. He has been trying hard to hold _ his temper.A)up toB)in toC)down toD)on to2. Yesterday I went shopping and found a lot of _ in the sale.A)bargesB)bargainsC)barragesD)barracks3. The old machine wont _ properly if you dont oil it regularly.A)affectB)effectC)functionD)practice4. What is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm.A)uniqueB)regularC)unusualD)odd5. How soon can I be _as a member of the school football team?A)receivedB)admittedC)allowedD)permitted6. The decay of food can usually be _ by the sense of smell.A)foundB)receivedC)detectedD)protected7. Im not particular _ my clothes; I dont mind what I wear.A)inB)withC)aboutD)for8. My husband and I _ conflicting opinions on this matter.A)makeB). holdC)keepD)take9. We need to _ the quality of our goods but not increase the price.A)remainB)retainC)stayD)maintain10. The crowd started to _ when the night fell.A)break outB)break inC). break overD)break up11. He _ his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God.A)intendedB)extendedC)includedD)excluded12. The party leader is an extreme left-winger, but his deputy is more_ in his views.A)modestB)moderateC)monitorD)modern13. Hardly _ _ the classroom when the class began.A)he had entered B)he entered C)had he entered D)he was entered14. In learning a foreign language, various forms of practice are good _.A)disciplinesB)theoriesC)techniquesD)skills15. Reducing unemployment will be the main _ for the new government.A)challengeB)struggleC)warD)fighting16. Why are you talking in such a strange _?A)meansB)mannerC)matterD)measure17. Some people think a fast car is a _ of power and strength.A)viewB)symbolC)ideaD)sense18. This is a private dining room where members could _ groups of friends.A)welcomeB)acceptC)entertainD)receive19. The plan_ in the days before costs became so great.A)had formulatedB)was formedC)was formulatedD). had formed20. Shall I _ you up at the airport tomorrow morning?A)sendB)pickC)seeD)look21. Experts say that work on the new bridge will cost an _ five million pounds.A)aboutB)estimatedC)almostD)nearly22. The boys _ development was very advanced for his age.A)intelligentB)intellectualC)internalD)external23. She _ (up ) her forehead in disgust.A)lookedB). pushedC)pulledD)wrinkled24. I think that she must be a relation of _.A)theirsB)themC)theirD)theys25. The soldiers had to remain at their _ all night long.A)jobsB)workC)postsD)status26. Will you meet me we_ were last night?A)thereB)whenC)whereD)then27. Please _ sure that the house is locked before you leave.A)makeB)takeC)doD)let28. The managing directors only _ was how to improve the quality of their products.A)concernB)confirmC)concludeD)confess29. The young man managed_ from his parents where he was going.A)concealingB)concealedC)to concealD)having concealed30. The young man managed _from his parents where he was going.A)concealingB)concealedC)to concealD)having concealed31. Please _ sure that the house is locked before you leave.A)makeB)takeC)doD)let32. Empty _ makes the most sound.A)shipB)vesselC)boatD)yacht33. Would you please _ your visit for a few days, stay a few days longer?A)expandB)lengthenC)stretchD)extend34. This district has changed so much since I was last here that I hardly _ it now.A). seeB)recognizeC)organizeD)admit35. The prisoner has been deprived _ many privileges that average citizens enjoy.A)ofB)atC)byD)on36. There was a long _ before he answered the telephone.A)stopB)breakC)intervalD)occasion37. In some _, people have had to wait two weeks for a doctors appointment.A)casesB)casesC). momentsD)examples38. There was a long _ before he answered the telephone.A)stopB)breakC)intervalD)occasion39. She _ (up ) her forehead in disgust.A)lookedB)pushedC)pulledD)wrinkled40. The teacher said Tom is _ average in his lessons.A). onB)aboveC)overD)up窗体底端窗体顶端With Americas Midterm Elections over, and a new Commander-in-Chief about to step #1# soon, some Americans are a #2# nervous about the nations future. But others feel secure, #3# that the man they consider the most powerful person in the world isnt #4# anywhere. Just who is this behind-the-scenes guy that they think #5# more power than George W. Bush ever #6#? Hes Alan Greenspan, a #7# expert economist who heads the Federal Reserve, commonly #8# as the Fed. Greenspan is a #9# New Yorker. His first focus was music: He #10# New Yorks Julliard School and toured the country #11# a year in the early 1940s, playing in the Henry Jerome swing band. If nothing #12# , friends believe, this experience of US travel gave him the ability to connect dispassionate economic theories #13# the individuals they affect. “The most outstanding thing #14# him is he knows the American economy,” #15# friend Herbert Stein, an economist. A swing #16# economics carried him straight into #17# Republican politics. He advised Richard Nixon in his 1968 #18#, and served briefly in the Bureau of the Budget. Seven years later, he returned to government service, replacing Mr. Stein #19# chair of the Council of Economic Advisers in the final days of the Nixon presidency. He agreed only after being assured that Vice President Ford would #20# him.1. A)overB)acrossC)inD)down2. A)fewB)smallC)slightD)little3. A)knowingB)knowsC)knewD)known4. A)walkingB)goingC)movingD)coming5. A)haveB)wasC)hadD)having6. A)willB)didC)doesD)does7. A)74-years-oldsB)74-year-oldsC)74-year-oldD)74-years-old8. A)notedB)knownC)calledD)named9. A)nurtureB)nationalC)naturalD)native10. A)attendedB)admittedC)adoptedD)adapted11. A)withB)toC)atD)for12. A)additionalB)extraC)elseD)more13. A)withB)ofC)overD)for14. A)ofB)aboutC)forD)on15. A)talksB)speaksC)saysD)tells16. A)aboveB)overC)intoD)to17. A)modestB)moderateC)modernD)model18. A)cabinetB)debateC)movementD)campaign19. A)toB)forC)asD)at20. A)keepB)retainC)stayD)maintain窗体底端窗体顶端American society is not nap-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, “Theres even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.” Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at the switch. To quote an obscure proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.” Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at the switch is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,” says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt,” which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze every afternoon. About 60% of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a mid-afternoon quiescent phase,” also called “a secondary sleep gate.” Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and improve alertness. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack” on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. Call it somnia. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors, couches and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums. There is an exquisite pleasure in giving oneself over to drowsiness, particularly if youre supposed to be doing something else. And we should all note, napping is one of the few pleasures left that are not life-threatening. The pathologically alert like to think they get more done than nappers. Wrong again. Winston Churchill slept every afternoon when he was the wartime Prime Minister of England. Napoleon napped on the battlefield. Calvin Coolidge, Lyndon Johnson and John Kennedy all took naps. If there is to be a transformation of American sleep behavior, we nappers, the sleep elite, will have to share our “sleeping skills” with those less fortunate than we are, or the nap-impaired. For starters, here are a few of my favorite naps. At work: Nap freedom, to me, is as great an incentive as money or power. Sleeping at work is superbly satisfying, and in some cases necessary. Truck drivers should pull over at the first sign of drowsiness as should anyone operating machinery, including a word processor. In class: These naps can be pleasant because of the risk involved. I once succumbed to drowsiness in a high-school French class and was awakened by my teacher singing, “Frere Jackques, Frere Jacques, dormezvous?” William Dement has designated sleeping sections in his courses at Stanford. At a concert: Sleeping (discreetly) at a concert can be among lifes great experiences. One rides the music, wafted this way and that on themes and leitmotifs. Wagner in particular promotes vivid dreams. Best nap of all: My all-time-favorite way to snooze is in a hammock on a screened-in porch, on a mild summer day and this is what makes it perfect a huge, important book on my chest, open and unread. Such napping says much about the principles we live by and sleep by. Theres the story told about a young playwright who once asked a famous author to view a rehearsal of his new play. The author slept through the whole thing. Afterward the young man complained, saying he really had wanted the authors opinion. In a pithy summation of the committed nappers view of life, the author replied, “Sleep is an opinion.”1. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is _.A)unreasonableB)criminalC)harmfulD)costly2. The research done by the Commission shows that Americans _.A)dont like to take napsB)are terribly worried about their national debtC)sleep less than is good for themD)have caused many industrial and traffic accidents3. The purpose of this article is to _.A)warn us of the wickedness of nappingB)explain the danger of sleepinessC)discuss the side effects of nappingD)convince the reader of the necessity of napping4. The “American debt” is the result of _.A)the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleepB)the new sleep policy of Clinton AdministrationC)the rapid development of American industryD)the Americans worry about the danger of sleepiness5. The sentence “Rather, we snack on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.” means that it is _.A)preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shiftB)good practice to eat something light before we go to bedC)essential to make up for lost sleepD)natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for itThe amount of sleep each person needs depends on many factors, including age. Infants generally require about 16 hours a day, while teenagers need about 9 hours on average. For most adults, 7 to 8 hours a night appears to be the best amount of sleep, although some people may need as few as 5 hours or as many as 10 hours of sleep each day. Women in the first 3 months of pregnancy often need several more hours of sleep than usual. The amount of sleep a person needs also increases if he or she had been deprived of sleep in previous days. Getting too little sleep creates a “sleep debt”, which is much like being overdrawn at a bank. Eventually, your body will demand that the debt be repaid. We dont seem to adapt to getting less sleep than we need; while we may get used to a sleep-depriving schedule, our judgment, reaction time, and other functions are still impaired. People tend to sleep more lightly and for shorter time spans as they get older, although they generally need about the same amount of sleep as they needed in early adulthood. About half of all people over 65 have frequent sleeping problems, such as insomnia, and deep sleep stages in many elderly people often become very short or stop completely. This change may be a normal part of aging, or it may result from medical problems that are common in elderly people and from the medications and other treatments for those problems. Experts say that if you feel drowsy during the day, even during boring activities, you havent had enough sleep. If you routinely fall asleep within 5 minutes of lying down, you probably have severe sleep deprivation, possibly even a sleep disorder. Microsleeps, or very brief episodes of sleep in an otherwise awake person, are another mark of sleep deprivation. In many cases, people are not aware that they are experiencing microsleeps. The widespread practice of “burning the candle at both ends” in western industrialized societies has created so much sleep deprivation that what is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm. Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous. Sleep-deprived people who are tested by using a driving simulator or by performing a hand-eye coordination task perform as badly as or worse than those who are intoxicated. Sleep deprivation also magnifies alcohols effects on the body, so a fatigued person who drinks will become much more impaired than someone who is well rested. Driver fatigue is responsible for an estimated 100,000 motor vehicle accidents and 1,500 deaths each year, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Since drowsiness is the brains last step before falling asleep, driving while drowsy can and often does lead to disaster. Caffeine and other stimulants cannot overcome the effects of severe sleep deprivation. The National Sleep Foundation says that if you have trouble keeping your eyes focused, if you cant stop yawning, or if you cant remember driving the last few miles, you are probably too drowsy to drive safely.6. Which of the following statements about “sleep debt” is true according to the passage?A)If you owe a sleep debt, you have to pay back for it.B)You will get used to the sleep debt quickly and forget it.C)Sleep debt has nothing to do with ones health.D)If you sleep more time than you need in previous days, then you can sleep less than normal in the following days.7. Which of the following doesnt belong to the mark of sleep deprivation?A)You always stay up late in the evening and feel sleepy when you begin to work in the next morning.B)You fall asleep very quickly even when you are sitting on a chair.C)You often get awake in the middle night several times.D)You have to take a nap during your work time.8. Which of the following conditions often happens to the old people especially people over 65 years old?A)They need more sleep time than their early adulthood.B)They seldom get awake during the sleep time even though there is great noise.C)They often feel sleepy during the daytime.D)They can not fall asleep in the middle night and easily wake up during the night.9. “Burning the candle at both ends” means .A)“being completely consumed and thus no longer alight”B)“going to bed late and getting up early”C)“reading or working late into the night”D)“becoming completely exhausted through overwork”10. Which of the following belongs to the abnormal sleepiness?A)Drowsiness during the day.B)Deep sleep at night.C)Microsleeps.D). Both A and C. Conventional wisdom says its the students who get straight As blow the roof of the SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) and go to Ivy League colleges. Or maybe its the children born into wealthy families with brilliant connections. Neither is typical, says Thomas J. Stanley, who surveyed 1300 millionaires for his new book, The Millionaire Mind. The average millionaire made Bs and Cs in college, Stanley says. Their average SAT score was 1190not good enough to get into many top-notch schools. In fact, most millionaires were told they were not intellectually gifted, not smart enough to succeed. “I find no correlation between SAT scores, grade point averages and economic achievement. None.” said Stanley. “Admittedly, there are some very bright people in the data, but not many.” Instead of relying on natural genius, millionaires choose careers that match their abilities, Stanley said. They may not have great analytic intelligence, but they are creative and practical. They focus on a goal, take calculated risks and then work harder than most people. Its a lesson Stanley has taken to heart. The author, who lives in Atlanta, has gotten rich himself by writing about the rich. So he took time off to write what he calls “the home-run book.” The Millionaire Next Door, written with researcher William D. Danko of Albany, N.Y., was published in 1996. It has been on The New York Times Best Sellers list for more than 150 weeks. In The Millionaire Mind, Stanley studied even richer millionaires the top 1% of households. These people had an average net worth of $9.2 million and