高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解编选（一）41.doc

湖北红安县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解编选（一）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephantsthe Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant. Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths. The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists. There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species. Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3. 5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2. 5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA. Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”1. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant2. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “.AA. evolutionB. exhibitionC. separationD. examination3. The researchers conclusion was based on a study of the African elephants.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population4. What are Alfred Rocas words mainly about? A. The conservation of African elephants.B. The purpose of studying African elephants.C. The way to divide African elephants into two units.D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants.5. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Naturalists Beliefs about ElephantsB. Amazing Experiments about ElephantsC. An Unexpected Finding about ElephantsD. A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants参考答案1-5 DCAAC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。With fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of big industrial plants for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything which goes into the dustbin would be made into something useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy of nothing else.The latest project is to take a city of around half a million citizens and discover exactly what raw (未经加工的) materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be treated like this: First, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements (元素) from the heavy solids; after that rollers will break up everything that can be broken. Finally, the rubbish will pass under magnets (磁铁), which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final step.The first full-scale (全方位的) big recycling plants are perhaps fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dustbins, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.7. The underlined phrase “be well on with” most probably means _ .A. have completed what was startedB. get ready to startC. have achieved a great deal inD. put an end to8. What is NOT mentioned as a part of the recycling process (过程) described in Paragraph 3?A. Breaking up whatever is breakable.B. Sharpening metal bars.C. Separating light elements from the heavy ones.D. Sorting out small pieces of metal.9. Whats the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants?A. To deal with wastes more economically.B. To protect the environment from pollution.C. To get raw materials locally.D. To get advantage from those plants.10. The passage is mainly about .A. a cheap way to get energyB. the position of recycling plantsC. new ways of recycling wastesD. the probability of city environment【参考答案】710、CBA C 阅读理解。Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television, nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise without mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each others minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle (奇迹) it is.Obviously, the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animal. Of course, some animals have powers just as amazing, Birds can fly thousands miles by observing positions of the stars in the sky in relation to the time of day and year. In Natures talent show, humans are a species of animal that have developed their own special act. If we reduce it to basic terms, its an ability for communicating information to others, by varying sounds we make as we breathe out.Not that we dont have other powers of communication. Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment. The way we hold our heads can indicate to others whether we are happy or sad. This is so-called body language. Bristling (直立的) fur is an unmistakable warning of attack among many animals. Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows a readiness to take second place in any animal gathering.Such a means of communication is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, instinctively acquire and display. Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings acquire this amazing skills ? Biologist can readily indicate that particular area of our brain where speech mechanisms function, but this doesnt tell us how that part of our bodies originated in our biological history.本文是介绍关于人类使用语言的能力的说明文, 主要阐述人区分动物的特殊能力及其相似性。( ) 1. According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is .A. our ability to use languageB. the miracle of technologyC. the amazing power of natureD. our ability to make noises with mouth答案：A考点：细节理解题。题目: 根据文章, 我们认为理所当然的奇迹是:A: 我们使用语言的能力B: 技术的奇迹C: 自然的惊人力量D: 我们用嘴制造噪音的能力。解析：根据第一段倒数第二句话The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise without mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each others minds.可知: 我们把使用语言的能力这个奇迹当做理所当然。B, C选项与文章不符, 在第一段第二句话中可得知。D选项易误导学生, 在文章中虽然有原话, 但一句话没有说完, 关键是通过嘴巴发出的声音去给其他人传递信息。故D选项也是错误的。( ) 2. What feature of body language mentioned in the passage is common to both human an animals?A. Lifting heads when sad.B. Keeping long faces when angry.C. Bristling hair when ready to attack.D. Bowing heads when willing to obey.答案：D考点：细节理解题。题目: 文章中提到的肢体语言的什么特征对于人类和动物都是共同的:A: 伤心时抬头来源： B: 愤怒时拉长脸C: 准备攻击时直立毛皮D: 乐意服从时低头解析： 根据第三段最后一句话Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows .可知答案。A和B选项描绘的是人的肢体语言特征。C 选项描绘的是动物的肢体语言。( ) 3. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. Body language is unique to humans.B. Animals express emotions just as humans do.C. Humans have other powers of communication.D. Humans are no different from animals to some degree.答案：D考点：推理判断题。题目: 从第三段可以推段出:A: 肢体语言是人类独一无二的B: 动物和人类一样表达情感C: 人类有其他交流的能力D: 人类在某种程度上和动物是相同的解析： 根据第三段后三句话可知: 人类在某种程度上和动物没有不同。从段落中可得知A, B, C 均与文章不符。 ( ) 4. This passage is mainly about .A. the development of body language.B. the special role humans play in natureC. the power to convey information to othersD. the difference between humans and animals in language use答案：C考点：主旨大意题。题目: 这篇文章主要讲述什么？A: 肢体语言的发展B: 人类在自然中扮演的特殊角色C: 给他人传递信息的力量D: 人类和动物在语言使用中的差异解析： 整篇文章谈论的都是给他人传递信息的力量, 使用语言的能力。A, B选项文章未提及. D选项较片面, 文章第三段中提到了相似点和差异二种。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in a traditional classroom. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their schools.You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, need some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some su