2012届高考英语 考前冲刺精选专题资料汇编阅读理解（一）

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语考前冲刺精选专题资料汇编阅读理解 一 届高考英语考前冲刺精选专题资料汇编阅读理解 一 A Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you specifically what are the values which Americans live by They have never given the matter any thought Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most but not all Americans and that understanding these values can help you the international visitor understand Americans It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans they will then be able to understand 95 of American actions actions which might otherwise appear strange confusing or unbelievable when evaluated from the perspective aspect of the foreigner s own society and its values The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs assumptions and values of that particular group When you encounter meet an action or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet 1 An ordinary American can t tell you his her value system because A this is something an American lives by B everyone will have his her own value system C he she has never thought about it D values are something often in their thought 2 The author lists 13 values in his booklet to A invite foreigners to visit America B look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors C describe the confusing actions of most Americans D help international visitors understand Americans 3 The underlined word ingrained in Line 2 Paragraph 3 most probably means A rooted in the minds B found in the grains C planted for food D prepared with grain 4 Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange confusing or unbelievable way probably because A Americans are hard to understand B Americans have values which are entirely different from their own C they view Americans according to the values in their own society D it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them 解题导语 本文是一本书的序言 作者观察到 很多外国游客对美国人的行为举止感到 很奇怪 而这是因为他们不了解美国人的价值观 于是作者写了一本小册子介绍这些价值观 了解了这些东西 人们就不会觉得美国人的行为 怪异 不可思议 了 1 答案 C 解析 考查细节理解 第一段说 美国人很难告诉你他们奉行的价值观是什么 用心 爱心 专心 2 因为他们从来没有想过这个问题 2 答案 D 解析 考查推理判断 由第二 三段的内容可知作者列出美国人的 13 条价值观 是为了帮助外国游客理解美国人的行为举止 3 答案 A 解析 考查词义猜测 结合上下文内容可知这 13 条是美国人从来不加考虑而奉 行的价值观 因此这些是深深地扎根于美国人的大脑中的东西 画线词的含义应该是 A 项 4 答案 C 解析 考查推理判断题 第三段说假如外国游客从自己的文化价值观的角度去 看美国人的行为 他们就会觉得美国人的行为表现 怪异 让人看不懂 难以相信 由此 可知选 C 项 Passage B 2009 年浙江金丽衢十二校联考 The average American will have three to five careers 10 to 12 jobs and will hold each one for an average of 3 5 years throughout his or her lifetime according to the U S Department of Labor Does this sound familiar Are you still struggling to find the ideal career Finding your dream job may be as simple as opening that bag of potato chips in y our kitchen cupboard A study conducted by Alan Hirsch neurological director of the Smell extroversion 性格外向 openness to new experiences agreeableness conscientiousness and sticking by agreements they have made Attractive people often see no reason to try to change until their looks start to fade Krista Sutherlanf of the University of California Los Angeles said partnerships that appeared to be perfect from the outside such as the former dream teams of Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise or Hugh Grant and Elizabeth Hurley where backgrounds and aspirations 抱负 are often shared did not 用心 爱心 专心 4 necessarily lead to happiness 1 What can we infer from the first sentence of the passage A Beautiful women always felt lonely B Beautiful women were always alone C Many beautiful women didn t end up with a happy life D Beautiful women always lived a happy life 2 The underlined phrase plain Janes in the passage refers to A ordinary looking women B women called Jane C common people D attractive women 3 We can infer from the passage that A Hugh Grant and Elizabeth Hurley were a couple B Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise were very satisfied with their life C when they fail in Hollywood the beautiful have little trouble in making a living D the marriage of the beautiful often lasts long 4 Which of the following is the best title A Five key factors affecting the partnership B Beauties are doomed to fail in love C Beautiful or common D The beauties are different 解题导语 本文为议论文 作者论证了这样一个观点 美女并不幸福 1 答案 C 解析 考查推理判断 第一段说漂亮的人 其 partnership 往往不如普通人的 稳定和让人满意 由此判断 文章开头说 克莱奥帕特拉和玛丽莲 梦露等美女的悲惨命运 绝非个例 意在表明 很多美女的生活都不幸福 2 答案 A 解析 考查词义猜测题 从语境看 画线部分的 plain Janes 指与前面提到 的美女相对的 相貌平常的女性 因此选 A 3 答案 A 解析 考查推理判断 最后一段说 外界看上去很完美的关系 比如 未必 最终有幸福的结局 再结合上文论述可判断 Hugh Grant 和 Elizabeth Hurley 是夫妻关系 故选 A 其他选项都与文章内容不符 4 答案 B 解析 考查主旨大意 文章主要论述了美女命运多舛的观点 并分析了其中的 原因 故 B 项最适合为本文标题 1 Do American children still learn handwriting in school In the age of the keyboard some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out 90 of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting Some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for 10 15 minutes a day and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day which really for handwriting is pretty much Many adults remember learning that way by copying letters over and over again Today s thinking is that short periods of practice are better Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself Instead they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas After all that is why 用心 爱心 专心 5 we write Handwriting involves two skills One is legibility which means forming the letters so they can be read The other is fluency writing without having to think about it Fluency continues to develop up until high school But not everyone masters these skills Teachers commonly report that about one fourth of their kids have poor handwriting Some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school especially in the early years American children traditionally first learn to print and then to write in cursive which connects the letters But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the College Board which administers the SAT college admission test More than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive 出处 2010 广东十校联考 体裁 议论文 话题 在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况 阅读策论 抓住论点 抓住观点 把握中心 再结合作为论据的诸多事例以及它们与观点之 间的内在联系 从而理解文章的结构 入选理由 文章难度适中 话题贴近社会 题目设计 合理巧妙 1 We can learn from Paragraph 1 A teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in teaching job B most teachers prefer to teach handwriting C teachers spend little time in teaching handwriting D a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting entirely 2 Which of the following is WRONG for traditional handwriting in the USA A The students are taught by practicing a long period B The letters are repeated many times C Handwriting includes two skills D To write in cursive is taught first 3 The underlined word legibility in Paragraph 3 means A easy to read B complex C unexpected D unreadable 4 The best title for the passage is A How to improve handwriting in school B Right or wrong the death of handwriting C Handwriting involves two skills D Handwriting lessons are on the way out 5 The author s attitude towards whether still to learn handwriting in school is A negative B objective C critical D optimistic 2 A few years ago Paul Gerner began to gather a group of architects in Las Vegas to ask them what it would take to design a public school that used 50 percent 用心 爱心 专心 6 less energy cost much less to build and obviously improved student learning I think half of them fell off their chairs Gerner says Gerner manages school facilities 设施 for Clark County Nevada a district roughly the size of Massachusetts By 2018 143 000 additional students will enter the already crowded public education system Gerner needs 73 new schools to house them Four architecture teams have nearly finished designing primary school prototypes 样品 they plan to construct their schools starting in 2009 The district will then assess how well the schools perform and three winners will copy those designs in 50 to 70 new buildings Green schools are appearing all over but in Clark County which stands out for its vastness such aggressive targets are difficult because design requirements like more natural light for students go against the realities of a desert climate One of the biggest challenges is getting the right site orientation 朝向 Mark McGinty a director at SH Architecture says His firm recently completed a high school in Las Vegas You have the same building same set of windows but if its orientation is incorrect and it faces the sun it will be really expensive to cool Surprisingly the man responsible for one of the most progressive green design competitions has doubts about ideas of eco friendly buildings I don t believe in the new green religion Gerner says Some of the building technologies that you get are impractical I m interested in those that work But he wouldn t mind if some green features inspire students He says he hopes to set up green energy systems that allow them to learn about the process of harvesting wind and solar power You never know what s going to start the interest of a child to study math and science he says 出处 2009 皖南八校第二次联考 体裁 记叙文 话题 创造性思维是我们每个人都应该有的 但是一切应该从实际出发 不切实际的想法也 就如同空中楼阁 本文所涉及的主人公 Gerner 想创办一所绿色学校的想法遭到了很多人的 质疑 他的设计要求连他自己也开始怀疑 阅读策略 抓住中心人物 按照线索弄清来龙去脉 理解整篇文章 入选理由 文章采用话题独特 设计的题目值得学生推敲 1 How did the architects react to Gerner s design requirements A They lost balance in excitement B They showed strong disbelief C They expressed little interest D They burst into cheers 2 Which order of steps is followed in carrying out the project A Assessment Prototype Design Construction B Assessment Design Prototype Construction C Design Assessment Prototype Construction D Design Prototype Assessment Construction 3 What makes it difficult to build green schools in Clark County A The large size 用心 爱心 专心 7 B Limited facilities C The desert climate D Poor natural resources 4 What does Gerner think of the ideas of green schools A They are questionable B They are out of date C They are advanced D They are practical 3 A year ago August Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan His wife Gerrie was still working in the local school cafeteria but work for Dave was scarce and the price of everything was rising The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift 7 000 a legacy 遗产 from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch who died in an accident It really made a difference when we were going under financially says Dave But the Fusses weren t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches generosity In some cases it was a few thousand dollars in others it was more than 100 000 It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money more than 3 million they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm Children of the Great Depression Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving They thrived on 喜欢 comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store checking prices before making a new purchase Through the years the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn t afford it Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything says their friend Sandy Van Weelden They could see things they could do to make you happier and they would do them Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed It was the Hatches wish that their legacy a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cents should enrich the whole community 社区 and last for generations to come Neighbors helping neighbors that was Ish and Arlene Hatch s story 出处 济南中学 2012 寒假练习 体裁 夹叙夹议 话题 本文主要介绍了一对关心邻里 无私奉献的夫妻 他们把自己的财产留给需要的人 强调人人互助 世界就会更美好 阅读策略 细读作者叙述的事实 抓住作者的观点 理清文章的结构 入选理由 文章的话题出现频率高 永做不衰的话题 1 According to the text the Fusses A were employed by a truck company B were in financial difficulty C worked in a school cafeteria 用心 爱心 专心 8 D lost their home 2 Which of the following is true of the Hatches A They had their children during the Great Depression B They left the family farm to live in an old house C They gave away their possessions to their neighbors D They helped their neighbors to find jobs 3 Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store A They decided to open a store B They wanted to save money C They couldn t afford expensive things D They wanted to buy gifts for local kids 4 According to Sandy Van Weelden the Hatches were A understanding B optimistic C childlike D curious 5 What can we learn from the text A The community of Alto was poor B The summer camp was attractive to the parents C Sandy Van Weelden got a legacy from the Hatches D The Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example 1 解析 推理判断题 根据第一段中 90 of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting 可知书法教学是基本的教学要求 A 项为正确推论 根据 One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting 可知 很多老师不愿意教书法课 B 项错误 根 据第一段末句可知 C 项错误 根据全段判断 只是说键盘普及使一些人认为书法渐渐过时了 D 项错误 答案 A 2 解析 细节认定题 根据第二段可知 传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长 因 此 A B 两项内容正确 根据第三段第一句可知 C 项内容正确 根据最后一段第二句可知 D 项内容错误 答案 D 3 解析 推测词义题 根据下文 which means forming the letters so they can be read 可推测画线词的意思是 清楚 易读 答案