人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）B卷

第 1 页 共 10 页 人教版人教版 20202020 年备战中考初中英语专项训练年备战中考初中英语专项训练 阅读理解 科普环保类 阅读理解 科普环保类 B B 卷卷 姓名姓名 班级班级 成绩成绩 一 一 阅读理解阅读理解 共共 5 5 题 共题 共 5252 分分 1 10 分 阅读理解 Waste can be seen everywhere in the school Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom They say they can afford these things But I don t agree with them Waste can bring a lot of problems Although China is rich in some resources 资源 we are short of others for example fresh water It is reported that we will have no coal 煤 or oil to use in 100 years So if we go on wasting our resources what can we use in the future and where can we move Think about it I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible In our everyday life we can do many things to prevent waste from happening for example turn off the water taps when we finish washing turn off the lights when we leave the classroom try not to order more food than we need and so on Little by little everything will be changed Waste can be stopped one day if we do our best 1 From the passage we know that some students often in the school A eat too much B don t work hard C waste things D throw rubbish everywhere 2 Which is not mentioned in this passage A Fresh water B Forest C Oil 第 2 页 共 10 页 D Coal 3 What may happen in 100 years A We may still have enough oil B We may still have enough coal C We may have a little oil D We may have no coal or oil to use 4 Which of the following is right A Waste brings problems B Waste can bring no problem C China is rich in fresh water D Students never waste things 5 Which is the best title of this passage A Stop Wasting B School life C Waste in the School D Rich Resources in China 2 12 分 阅读理解 Since the 1970s scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers Brain computer interface BCI technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines Recently two researchers Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne Switzerland demonstrated 展示 a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person s thoughts In the laboratory Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his 第 3 页 共 10 页 left or right hand He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts Our brain has billions of nerve cells These send signals through the spinal cord 脊髓 to the muscles to give us the ability to move But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles Tavella says Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external 外部的 world and also to control devices The researchers designed a special cap for the users This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp 头皮 and sends them to a computer The computer interprets translate the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify find or discover objects in its paths They help the computer react to commands from the brain Professor Millan the team leader says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories communication and controlling devices One example is this wheelchair He says his team has set two goals One is testing with real patients so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time 1 BCI is a technology that can A help to update computer systems B link the human brain with computer C help the disabled to recover D control a person s thoughts 2 How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory A By controlling his muscles B By talking to the machine C By moving his hand 第 4 页 共 10 页 D By using his mind 3 Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 4 A Scalp computer cap wheelchair B Computer cap scalp wheelchair C Scalp cap computer wheelchair D Cap computer scalp wheelchair 4 Which of the following would be the best title for the text A Switzerland tile BCI Research Center B New Finding about How the Human Brain Works C BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled D Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries 3 10 分 阅读理解 Height is just one of the thousands of features that your genes 基因 decide In fact because you have two parents your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent If both your parents are tall then most probably you will be tall too But if you have questions about how tall you re going to be ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out But genes don t decide everything For example eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your full potential 潜力 Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height No doubt you re wondering how fast you should grow There s no perfect or right answer Generally speaking kids grow about two inches six centimeters a year between age 3 and the time when they start puberty 青春期 Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years how you ve been growing up to this point and what other changes your body may be going through 第 5 页 共 10 页 Don t be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time Everyone has a growth spurt 高峰 during puberty The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys But it can be earlier or later between 7 and 13 for girls and between 9 and 15 for boys You ll usually begin to notice that you re growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty 1 If you want to know how fast and how tall you will grow A you should have enough exercise B you can ask doctors for help C you can record your growth during puberty D you should eat a healthy diet 2 After reading this passage we can explain A how much sleep time we need B why genes can t decide everything C what a healthy diet is D how the genes work in your body 3 Kids grow about centimeters every year from age 3 to puberty A 2 B 4 C 6 D 7 4 Your height mainly depends on according to the passage A genes B diet 第 6 页 共 10 页 C sleep D exercise 5 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage A You may be scared sometimes when you grow too fast B Girls age for starting puberty is usually earlier than that for boys C The time showing the first changes of puberty is never noticed D Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height 4 10 分 根据短文内容回答问题 How to become a radio DJ Do you have a great voice Have you ever thought l about becoming a radio DJ Working as a DJ can be exciting but it also needs experience If you want to be a DJ the following are usual ways to start 1 Intern 实习 It s a dirty job Unluckily most radio station workers start as an intern This means working long hours without pay It will help you do better at the radio station 2 Events Because you can t get a DJ job with no experience you might want to work as a DJ for events Weddings parties and special situations all need DJs to provide the music and some laughs This is a great way to learn to work with people and play music 3 Fill in 替补 If you work at a radio station you can ask to be put on the fill in list for DJs So if the main DJ gets sick you can fill in for him or her to get some experience 4 Late late night Usually the first job for a DJ is the late shift 晚班 In other words you may be on air not only from l a m to 5 a m but you will get more experience 1 What job do the most radio station workers start as 2 Can we get a DJ job without any experience according to the passage 第 7 页 共 10 页 3 What s the great way to learn to work with people and play music 4 When can you fill in for the main DJ to get some experience 5 Usually the first job for a DJ is the early shift isn t it 5 10 分 阅读理解 The human brain weighs about 1 4 kilograms but it can hold much more information than most computers However there is another difference between humans and computers Computers don t forget information they are given but humans often do No one remembers everything and luckily we don t usually have to But everyone can improve their memory if they want to Here are some suggestions Try to use new information immediately For example if you meet someone who says Hi I m Carlos Don t just say Hello Repeat the person s name Say Break a big number into smaller parts For example it s hard to memorize 记忆 109244153 But if you break it into three parts 109 244 153 it becomes easier Write out what you need to remember over and over again This will help you keep it in mind longer especially for memorizing formulas 公式 or facts Always review information If you bring what you ve learned back to your mind it becomes easier to remember For example before you go to sleep it s a good idea to review the new things you learned that day Discuss with a friend It is always easier to remember things through