被动语态导学案.doc

被动语态导学案学习目标学习目标：熟练掌握被动语态的用法，特别是常用时态的被动语态和情态动词被动语态；熟练掌握主动形式表示被动意义用法。学习重点被动语态与时态结合用法；主动表被动用法。学习内容与过程一、英语中的语态英语动词有_语态：_语态和_语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的_，被动语态表示主语是动作的_。如：Many people speak English. (主动) _. (被动)二、被动语态的用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是_。 如：He likes eating ice cream. 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用_。 如：He is hit by a car. 被动语态由_构成。被动语态的基本用法不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Some windows _ last night. (break)This book _ in 2005. (publish) This book came out in 2005. come out 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place等。只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。Educational CD-ROMs _ in many countries. (sell)Rice_ first _ in China.(grown)English_all over the world.(learn)三、被动语态的基本结构“动作的承受者be过去分词其他by动作的执行者”。 主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词)，将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语按照上述句式改写：承受者 +be+过去分词+其他by执行者 将下列句子改成被动语态。His brother washes dishes every day. Dishes are washed every day by his brother.主(执行者) 谓 宾(承受者) 其他Peter will clean the room tomorrow. _.He must look after the little boy. .The students are watching a charity show. .常用的被动语态结构 读下列句子完成表格。时态结构例句 Wood is used to make fire.The building was built yesterday.A modern hospital is being built near the school.The news will be announced tomorrow.His work has been finishedThe reason had been explained before they made their choices.情态动词+被动语态This work can be easily done.Your work must be handed in tomorrow.注意：情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，be+过去分词部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）4、 特殊情况的被动语态 主谓宾省略to的不定式(即宾补)：使役动词、感官动词(后接动词原形） Eg. We hear him sing the same song all day.此类情况变为被动语态时，原来省略的to一定要加上。常见短语：make sb do sth sb be made to do sth (主动语态不含to，被动语态必须带to)hear sb do sth _ see sb do sth _have sb do sth _*特殊：let sb do sth sb be let do sth (主动语态和被动语态都不含to) 练习：He made the workers work 12 hours a day. _ His mother made him sit down. _ 五、主动形式表示被动意义：有些不及物动词(其主语大都指物)的主动语态可以表示被动意义。某些表示感觉或变化的连系动词。这些动词有feel,look, taste, smell, sound, prove, turn, get等。The coffee smells delicious. _The story proved quite false. _某些可与well, easily, quickl,smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词catch, close, lock, open, read, sell, wash, wear, write等。This kind of bikes sells well. _This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind._这种布很容易洗 _这支笔写起来很流畅。 _3动名词在be worth doing句型中的主动形式表示被动含义。 His novels are so well worth reading that I want one. _这些邮票值得收藏。 _4动名词在need, want, require等动词后，主动形式表示被动含义。need doingneed to be doneThe problem requires dealing with immediately. _Her bike needed repairing._花需要浇水了_课内练习与训练把下列句子变为被动 1. I saw the boy run yesterday. 2. He told me that he would come back soon. 3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. 4. Do you water your flowers every day? 5. The wind blew down the big tree last night. 6. I think that he is right. 7. He had n