17-15-全国卷语法填空+短文改错真题专练

1 2015 2017 语法填空真题语法填空真题 Cloze 1 2017 全国卷全国卷 15 分分 话题 饮食与健康话题 饮食与健康 词数 词数 196 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt This trend which was started by the medical community 医学界 1 a method of fighting heart disease has had some unintended side 2 effect such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet They are required 3 process the food that we eat to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions When fat and salt 4 remove from food the food tastes as if it is missing something As 5 result people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing Even 6 bad the amount of fast food that people eat goes up Fast food 7 be full of fat and salt by 8 eat more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack 吃点心 between meals and will improve the taste of your food However be 9 care not to go to extremes Like anything it is possible to have too much of both 10 is not good for the health Cloze 2 2017 全国卷全国卷 15 分分 话题 地下客运铁路话题 地下客运铁路 词数 词数 181 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 crowd on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method This included digging up the road 3 lay the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top When all those had been done the road surface was replaced Steam engines 5 use to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 fair unpleasant for the passengers with all the smoke and noise However the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months more than 25 000 people were using 7 every day Later engineers 8 manage to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels 隧道 which became known as the Tube This development was only possible with the 9 introduce of electric powered engines and lifts The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 success of these new lines and was opened in 1900 It had white painted tunnels and bright red carriages and proved extremely popular with the public Cloze 3 2017 全国卷全国卷 15 分分 话题 上学的同时兼职做模特话题 上学的同时兼职做模特 词数 词数 196 She looks like any other schoolgirl fresh faced and full of life Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A level course But unlike her school friends 16 year old Sarah is not spending half term 1 rest Instead she is earning 6 500 a day as 2 model in New York Sarah 3 tell that she could be Britain s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year Her father Peter 44 wants her to give up school to model full time But Sarah 4 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 5 prove that she has brains as well as beauty She is determined to carry on with her 6 educate She has turned down several 7 invitation to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture Sarah says My dad thinks I should take the offer now But at the moment school 9 come first I don t want to get too absorbed in modeling It is 10 certain fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal I don t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can t model any more Cloze 1 2016 全国卷全国卷 15 分分 词数 词数 180 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires Asia s biggest building and fancy new hotels But for tourists like me pandas are its top 1 attract So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for profit Panda Base where ticket money helps pay for research I 2 allow to get up close to these cute animals at the 600 acre centre From tomorrow I 2 will be their UK ambassador The title will be 3 official given to me at a ceremony in London But my connection with pandas goes back 4 my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s 5 I was the first Western TV reporter 6 permit to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild My ambassadorial duties will include 7 introduce British visitors to the 120 plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia On my recent visit I held a lively three month old twin that had been rejected by 8 it mother The nursery team switches him every few 9 day with his sister so that while one is being bottle fed 10 other is with mum she never suspects Cloze 2 2016 全国卷全国卷 15 分分 词数 词数 188 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work you should take a step back and identify 识别 those of 1 great and less importance Then handle the most important tasks first so you ll feel a real sense of 2 achieve Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3 be often acceptable Most of us are more focused 4 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day So get an early start and try to be as productive 5 possible before lunch This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished Recent 6 study show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7 regular Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8 while exercising or doing something you enjoy If you find something you love doing outside of the office you ll be less likely 9 bring your work home It could be anything gardening cooking music sports but whatever it is 10 make sure it s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about Cloze 3 2016 全国卷全国卷 15 分分 词数 词数 178 In much of Asia especially the so called rice bowl cultures of China Japan Korea 1 Vietnam food is usually eaten with chopsticks Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo They can also be made of plastic animal bone or metal Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic Truly elegant chopsticks might 2 make of gold and silver with Chinese characters Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 3 create special designs The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years People probably cooked their food in large pots 4 use twigs 树枝 to remove it Over time 5 the population grew people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 6 gradual turned into chopsticks Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius 7 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B C influenced the 8 develop of chopsticks Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9 be too violent for use at the table Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia In India for example most people traditionally eat 10 their hands Cloze1 2015 新课标全国新课标全国 15 分分 词数词数 182 Yangshuo China It was raining lightly when I 1 arrive in Yangshuo just before dawn But I didn t care A few hours 2 I d been at home in Hong Kong with 3 it choking smog Here the air was clean and fresh even with the rain I d skipped nearby Guilin a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 painting Instead I d headed straight for Yangshuo For those who fly to Guilin it s only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better known city Yangshuo 7 be really beautiful A study of travelers 8 conduct by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia Abercrombie 7 the same time they warm up again for the night This cycle 8 go day after day The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset 抵消 for the outside temperatures As 9 nature architects the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days 2017 2014 短文改错高考真题短文改错高考真题 Correction 1 2017 全国卷全国卷 10 分分 In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday I took driving lessons I still remember how hard first day was Before getting into the car I thought I had learned the instructor s orders so once I started the car my mind goes blank I forgot what he had said to me altogether The instructor kept repeating the word Speed up Slow down Turning left I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left A few minutes late the instructor asked me to stop the car It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road Correction 2 2017 全国卷全国卷 10 分分 Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school They live far from the school and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day In their spare time they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden that is on the rooftop of their house They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together They have also bought for some gardening tools Beside they often get some useful informations from the Internet When summer came they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables Correction 3 2017 全国卷全国卷 10 分分 When I look at this picture of myself I realize of how fast time flies I had grown not only physically and also mentally in the past few years About one month after this photo was took I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time car magazines and musical instruments I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes playing pop music and collecting the late music albums This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days Correction 1 2016 乙卷乙卷 全国全国 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live Though not very big but the restaurant is popular in our area It is always crowded with customers at meal times Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time Instead he hopes that our business will grow steady Correction 2 2016 甲卷 全国甲卷 全国 The summer holiday is coming My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday We can chose between staying at home and take a trip If we stay at home it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money But in that case we will learn little about world If we go on a trip abroad we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby I thought that it is a good idea It does not cost many yet we can still learn a lot Correction 3 2016 丙卷 全国丙卷 全国 The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me They were also the best and worse years in my life At the first I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself However my parents 4 didn t seem to think such They always tell me what to do and how to do it At one time I even felt my parents couldn t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes Now I am leaving home to college At last I will be on my own but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help Correction6 2015 新课标全国卷新课标全国卷 When I was a child I hoped to live in the city I think I would be happy there Now I am living in a city but I miss my home in countryside There the air is clean or the mountains are green Unfortunately on the development of industrialization the environment has been polluted Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier Much rare animals are dying out We must found ways to protect your environment If we fail to do so we ll live to regret it Correction7 2015 新课标全国卷新课标全国卷 One day little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent It was very crowded Tony saw a toy on a shop window He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop After looks at the toy for some time he turned around and found where his parents were missing Tony was scared and begun to cry A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop Five minutes later Tony saw parents Mom said How nice to see you again Dad and I were terrible worried Tony promised her that this would never happen again Correction 4 2016 四川 四川 It is Mother s Day today Though it s a western festival it s popular in China now Mom has a full time job so she has to do most of the houseworks She is a great mother Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother s Day We get up early in the morning Dad cleaned the house and then went on shopping When he came back I found a bunch of flowers in her hand I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen The dishes what I cooked were Mom s favoritest At dinner we said to her Happy Mother s Day Mom was grateful and moving Correction 5 2016 浙江 浙江 When I was a very young children my father created a regular practice I remember well years late Every time he arrived home at end of the day we d greet her at the door He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers While they chat my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge It was both excited and frightening to be up there My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there Correction11 2014 新课标全国卷新课标全国卷 Nearly five years before and with the help by our father my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes 圣 女果 in our back garden Since then for all these year we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please As result the plants are growing somewhere The fruits are small in size but juicy and taste There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost Correction12 2014 新课标全国卷新课标全国卷 My dream school starts at 8 30 a m and ends at 3 30 p m They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon We didn t need to do so many homework Therefore we have more time with after school activities For example we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day My dream school look like a big garden There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings We can lie on the grass for a rest or sat by the lake listening music The teachers here are kind and helpfully They are not only our teachers but also our friends 5 语法填空答案语法填空答案 2017 年年 Cloze 1 本文是一篇说明文 主要讲述了一种低脂肪 低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响 1 as 考查介词 分析句子结构可知 此处在句中作状语 表示 作为一种抵御心脏病的方式 所以填 as 意为 作为 2 effects 考查名词复数 这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用 根据空前的 some 及空后的 such as overweight and heart disease 可知 此处指不止一种副作用 故用名词复数形式 effects 3 to process 考查非谓语动词 be required to do sth 为固定用法 4 are removed 考查时态和语态 本文的主体时态为一般现在时 此处亦应用一般现在时 又 fat and salt 是动词 remove 的承受者 应用被动语态 所以此处填 are removed 5 a 考查冠词 as a result 为固定搭配 意为 结果 6 worse 考查比较级 短语 Even worse 意为 更糟糕的是 表示意义的递进 故用 worse 7 is 考查时态和主谓一致 此处是对客观情况的描述 应用一般现在时 分析句子结构可知 该句缺少 谓语动词 又因主语为 Fast food 故填 is 8 eating 考查非谓语动词 介词 by 后跟名词 代词或动名词作宾语 故填 eating 9 careful 考查形容词 此处为形容词作表语 故填 careful 当心的 构成系表结构 10 which 考查关系代词 分析句子结构可知 此处为非限制性定语从句 空处指代前句的内容 且在从 句中作主语 故填关系代词 which Cloze 2 本文为说明文 介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程 段意梳理 第一段 介绍了世界上第一个地下客运铁路的创建以及相关事宜 第二段 蒸汽机是地下客运铁路的动力机 尽管它让乘客感到不舒服 但乘客数量却大增 第三段 地下客运铁路发展成现在的地铁 1 crowds 考查名词复数 因为 crowd 为可数名词 并且其前没有限定词 所以此处用其复数形式 2 from 考查介词 此处是指 当他们来回上下班时 3 laying 考查非谓语动词 分析句子结构可知 该句的主语为 This 谓语动词 included 后由 and 连接了 三个动名词短语作宾语 故填 laying 易错点拨 该句中的 lay 不是与前面的谓语动词 included 并列 而是与 digging up 和 building 并列 句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键 4 the 考查定冠词 此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶 所以在 top 前加 the 5 were used 考查动词时态和语态 因为是介绍 1863 年的事情 而且 Steam engines 与 use 之间为被动关 系 故用一般过去时的被动语态 故填 were used 6 fairly 考查副词 副词修饰形容词 unpleasant 故在其前填 fairly 7 it 考查代词 根据上文的 the railway quickly 可知 此处用 it 代替 the railway 知识拓展 one 指代上文提到的单数的人或物 指 同 一类中的一个 表示泛指意义 that 指上 文出现的名词 表示同类的东西 既可指代可数名词单数 又可指代不可数名词 常有后置定语修饰 表特指 it 指上文提到的同一事物 与前面的名词是同一个 表特指 8 managed 考查动词时态 因为 engineers 与 manage 之间为主动关系 而且是发生在过去的事情 所以 填 managed 9 introduction 考查词性转换 由前面的定冠词 the 可知 其后应接名词 故填 introduction 10 successful 考查词性转换 根据语境并结合空前的 the most 可知 空处表达最高级意义 故填 successful Cloze 3 本文是一篇记叙文 讲述了 16 岁的 Sarah 在上学的同时兼职做模特 并且取得了巨大的成功 虽然她父 亲希望她当全职模特 但是 Sarah 仍然坚持要完成学业 6 段意梳理 第一段 讲述 16 岁女孩 Sarah 与同龄孩子不同 在学习的同时兼顾从事模特职业 第二段 Sarah 的父亲希望她放弃学业 但她坚信自己可以做到美丽与智慧并存 第三段 Sarah 拒绝了许多演出邀请 专心于学业 立志考上大学 第四段 Sarah 谈论不想放弃学业而专职做模特的原因 1 resting 考查固定搭配 spend time doing sth 是固定搭配 故填 resting 2 a 考查冠词 该空后面 model 是可数名词单数 此处表示 作为一名模特 故填 a 3 has been told was told 考查动词时态和语态 此处动词 tell 与 Sarah 是被动关系 因为第二段在讲述父 亲和 Sarah 的想法时都是用现在时 因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响 故可以填 has been told 此外 被告知 这件事情发生在过去 故也可填 was told 易错点拨 考生在考虑动词的时态时 经常会忽略语态 如此题容易误填 told 因此 当考查动词的 时候要从句意理解出发 考虑动作的主语与动词之间是主动还是被动的关系 4 who 考查定语从句 此句 Sarah 是主语 wants 是主句谓语 因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句 先行词为 Sarah 从句中缺主语且指人 故填 who 5 to prove 考查非谓语动词 want to do 是固定搭配 故填 to prove 6 education 考查词性转换 形容词性物主代词 her 后需用 educate 的名词形式 故填 education 7 invitations 考查名词单复数 invitation 是可数名词 前面有 several 修饰 要用复数形式 故填 invitations 8 in 考查介词 degree 与介词 in 搭配 表示在某方面的学位 故填 in es 考查动词时态 全文均为现在时 且 school 是第三人称单数 故填 comes 易错点拨 动词如果使用一般现在时 要注意主语是不是第三人称单数 此题容易误填 come 10 certainly 考查副词 此处 fun 是名词 但空处修饰整个句子 作状语 故填 certainly 知识拓展 考查形容词与副词时 除了要考虑词性相互转换 还要考虑形容词与副词的反义词 比如 括号里给出 fortunate 一词 需要改为副词形式 fortunately 同时还要结合句意来判断 是否要改为 unfortunately 2016 年年 Cloze 1 本文讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事 1 attraction 考查名词 但对于像我一样的游客 熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物 由形容词性物主代词 its 以及形容词 top 可知 此处应该填动词 attract 的名词形式 attraction 意为 吸引人之物 2 was allowed 考查时态和语态 分析句子结构可知 主语 I 与动词 allow 之间存在被动关系 且前一 句的 was 表明此处应用一般过去时 故填 was allowed 3 officially 考查副词 修饰动词应该用副词 所以填 officially 4 to