广东省深圳市2020届高三年级第二次教学质量检测英语试题

广东省深圳市 2020届高三年级 第二次教学质量检测英语卷 注意事项 1 答卷前 考生务必将自己的姓名 准考证号填写在答题卡上 2 回答选择题时 选出每小题答案后 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如需改动 用橡皮擦干净后 再选涂其他答案标号 回答非选择题时 将答案写在答题卡上 写在本试卷上无效 3 考试结束后 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回 第一部分 阅读理解 共两节 满分40分 第一节 共15小题 每小题2分 满分30分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的A B C和D四个选项中 选出最佳选项 A New York s best classes for kids include sports classes performing arts classes art classes language programs and baby classes Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super cool offerings 92nd Street Y Classes At this institution your musician can learn how to play an instrument After school classes examine different musical pieces and encourage work in a group setting At the end of the program mini Mozarts can impress their family and friends at open house performances Plus when they re not jamming kids can take advantage of homework help in the Clubhouse where they are divided up by grade level Ages 5 15 The Cliffs at LIC After a day of fighting the academic obstacle course at school your favorite achievers can reach new heights on a rock climbing wall The Cliffs offerings allow developing bodies to build muscle strength For example introductory sessions teach climbers how to tie safety knots 结 as well as other basics mastering them with hands on games and activities The Cliffs at LIC Long Island City Ages 6 18 Staten Island Skating Pavilion This large area maintains its year round frosty temperatures for ice skating fun Courses are offered every day for a variety of interests and skill levels and public and freestyle sessions are available for children who want to spend some afternoons there without instruction Ages 4 and up West Side YMCA If your child wants to learn how to swim you d be pressed to find more options than those offered at the Y Kids are grouped by age and capability The courses cover personal safety and stroke techniques If your offspring prefer dry land the Y also offers dance basketball and football Visit website for class descriptions and detailed price information Ages 5 18 1 Who is the passage intended for A Elementary school teachers B Children around school age C Families looking for attraction D Parents with under age children 2 Which event will you attend for occasional academic help A The Cliffs at LIC B West Side YMCA C 92nd Street Y Classes D Staten Island Skating Pavilion 3 What does Staten Island Skating Pavilion provide A A mini open house performance at the end of the program B Cold temperatures all the year round for ice skating C Teaching of skating in divided groups according to their age D Introductory lessons on how to overcome the learning obstacles B That morning I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report It was wonderful but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn t making a difference in anyone s life I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow My career enabled me to work from home I could work from home and become a foster 领养 mother providing safety for a child who needed it desperately On Monday morning I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had googled for the nearest Department of Children s Services The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents We continued through all the classes the home visits background checks and seemingly endless steps Five long months after we were approved the phone rang In the middle of the night I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children s Hospital Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room sick and lack of nutrition It didn t take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering Six months later her half brother came to us by our request We now had five children under our care On August 12 2016 our family of seven walked into a small courtroom The children s lawyer and social worker were there With just a few words our adoption was finalized These two amazing children weren t going home because they were already home We are their forever family and they are our forever children We may not be able to change the entire world but we have changed the world entirely for our new children 4 How did the author feel about her hospital work A lacking in motivation B Unusually demanding C Filled with challenges D Packed with chances 5 What led the author to decide to adopt children A She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew B She wanted to make a difference in other people C She felt confident about her ability to raise children D She experienced training to raise children properly 6 What does the underlined word placement in Para 3 refer to A The child to be adopted B The need to get trained C The approval of adoption D The official at the hospital 7 Why did the author appear at the courtroom A To put the adopted kids elsewhere B To receive another adopted child C To make the adoption officially legal D To begin the kids adoption in her home C The kakapo a bird that lives in New Zealand is not designed for survival Weighing up to 4 kilograms it is the world s fattest parrot It mates 交配 only when the rimu tree is in fruit which happens every few years It developed gradually in the absence of land based natural enemies so instead of flying above the trees it walks like a duck across the dry forest floor When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it it will stand still Such unusual characteristics turned it into fast food for human settlers and for the cats and rats they brought with them It seemed to have disappeared by the 1970s until scientists came across two undiscovered populations in the country s south These survivors were eventually moved to small enemy free islands where researchers have spent decades trying to get them to breed 繁殖 The scientists patience is finally rewarded The rimu was in fruit this year and more than 80 chicks hatched making this the best breeding season on record Many have survived into adolescence increasing the number of adult kakapos by a third to 200 birds Another danger to the kakapo is a lack of genetic diversity This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch By arranging the genome 基因组 of every living bird scientists can identify closely related individuals and put them on different islands Every bird is fitted with something to track its slightest movement If a female mates with an unsuitable male the process can be stopped All these efforts cost almost New Zealand 1 3 million this breeding season Yet the kakapo s future still looks unsafe Earlier this year a severe disease tore through the population And tiny as the number of kakapos is space is running out on the two islands where most of them live New enemy free settlement must soon be found 8 Which of the following is a danger for the survival of the kakapo A It is the smallest bird in the world B It lacks exercise and usually stands still C It adapts slowly in genetic development D It can t respond actively when facing danger 9 In what way may the scientists patience be rewarded A They hatched 80 kakapos eggs this year B They tried to make the rimu tree in fruit this year C Two survivors were moved to enemy free islands D 50 chicks hatched have survived into adults this year 10 Why did the scientists put kakapo in different islands A To stop closely relatedkakaposmating B To increasethe populationof kakapo C To stop females matingwithmales D To hatch morekakapos eggs 11 According to the author the efforts to protect the kakapo in New Zealand are A successfulB unsafe C doubtfulD inadequate D New and improved These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked But many new drugs aren t an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition and the fast drug approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages A recent report in the British Medical Journal New Drugs Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better analysed the issue The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017 152 were newly developed and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses Only 25 offered a major advantage over the established treatment and fully 58 had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health related quality of life This doesn t mean there s no added benefit lead author Wieseler said It just means we have no positive proof Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough Wieseler and her co authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the country s health care system should pay a premium 补贴 for them Such organizations known as health technology assessment HTA agencies work a little differently in the US says Sean Tunis a researcher in Baltimore If payers think a new drug isn t better than an existing drug these agencies will require that hospitals try the cheaper drug first Germany s HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard This isn t always practical For one thing such studies can be expensive and time consuming with no guarantee of success Secondly it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives This is already happening Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with such as rare diseases This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wieseler s paper With accelerated approval there are more products approved with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits But there are other solutions besides drug trials One idea is to require postmarket studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugs a step too often neglected 12 What message does the recent report convey A Improved drugs have advantages over old ones B The approval processes for new drugs are too fast C Many new drugs have no improved advantages D Before 2017 no improvement was made to drugs 13 What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs A Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs B Remove government premium on them C Arrange financial support for the patients D Put new drugs on further trials and studies 14 What s the disadvantage of Germany s HTA trial demands A Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost B Holding companies back from improving existing drugs C Getting patients to depend on the government for support D Pushing companies to try alternatives for existing drugs 15 What is the best title for the text A The Advantage of Existing DrugsB Misunderstanding of New and Old Drugs C People s Preference for New or Old DrugsD A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives 第二节 共5小题 每小题2分 满分10分 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 From Mozart to pop music tons of people enjoy listening to various types of music while they paint write or draw Many believe that music helps improve creativity But an international study is challenging that viewpoint 16 To come to their conclusions researchers had participants complete verbal 文字的 problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room 17 They found that background music significantly hurt the participants ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity The tasks were simple word games 18 Then they were asked to find a single word associated with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word Participants completed the tasks in either a quiet room or while exposed to three different types of music music with unfamiliar lines instrumental music or music with familiar lines Dr McLatchie and his colleagues conclude that music interferes with 干扰 the verbal working memory of the brain 19 Also as far as the library background noises having seemingly no effect the researchers believe that is the case because library noises create an environment of steady state that doesn t interrupt concentration 20 Instead they demonstrate that music regardless of the presence of its content consistently interrupts creative performance in insight problem solving the study reads A And this in turn holds back creativity B It has nothing to do with the positive reaction C Then again they were tested while music was played in the background D Psychologists say that their findings indicate music actually blocks creativity E For example participants were given three words such as dress dial and flower F Before the experiment the participants didn t study the music they would listen G To conclude the findings here challenge the popular view that music builds up creativity 第二部分 语言知识运用 共两节 满分45分 第一节 共20小题 每小题1 5分 满分30分 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的A B C和D四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 For years I had suffered from depression I never seemed to be happy with my life especially when I 21 it to someone else s I frequently felt I was not living up to either my own 22 or the world s expectations Then the week before Thanksgiving every chair in the church has a paper bag underneath All were expected to pick up one 23 and take them to a grocery store and fill them with some basic food items to be 24 to local charity Then at the evening a team of volunteers placed all the 25 bags of food at the front of the church Included in the event was a sheet with 26 asking us to think of 100 things we were thankful for This was a n 27 to help us focus on gratitude 28 I heard some kids next to me 29 each other to see who could fill in all 100 the fastest My 30 nature pushed me to fill in blanks with any 31 in my life that I was thankful for To my own 32 I filled in the list in four minutes Then I joined the others 33 the bags according to their categories before they were donated to the 34 One day not long afterward I found myself sinking into my 35 depression when I remembered the 36 I took it out and read through it and 37 that not only did I have a lot to be thankful for but that the things I had written on that list 38 my talents hobbies faith and people who had greatly 39 me 40 to have an attitude of gratitude has made me more than happy and filled me with joy 21 A comparedB introducedC exposedD applied 22 A achievementB natureC patienceD potential 23 A regularlyB randomlyC alternativelyD considerately 24 A returnedB issuedC donatedD allocated 25 A circulatedB addressedC suppliedD filled 26 A creditsB blanksC inspirationsD suggestions 27 A celebrationB amusementC exerciseD communication 28 A AccidentallyB FurthermoreC OtherwiseD Necessarily 29 A remindB observeC supportD challenge 30 A sympatheticB creativeC competitiveD contradictory 31 A chanceB situationC promotionD awareness 32 A astonishmentB curiosityC advantageD disappointment 33 A distributingB clarifyingC decoratingD sorting 34 A richB specialC needyD worried 35 A familiarB guiltyC temporaryD apparent 36 A activityB listC motivationD report 37 A realizedB claimedC imaginedD pretended 38 A ruled outB dropped outC worked outD brought out 39 A surprisedB promisedC touchedD cconcerned 40 A OfferingB ChoosingC DemandingD Declining 第二节 共10小题 每小题1 5分 满分15分 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 After college I wanted to make a difference in the world so I became a volunteer teacher and 41 send to Namibia Honestly my first choice wasn t Africa but I am extremely grateful that I had the chance So with a group of 42 equal eager young graduates I went on my journey Schools were quite bare and the students 43 have tiring days walking miles to get to school often barefoot With their mountains 44 work at home few 45 possession and little opportunity these children were