复习被动语态.doc

GRAMMAR被动语态（一）被动语态常与时态、主谓一致等一起考查。我们先通过下面的表格来复习一下不同时态的被动语态的构成形式。时间 形式一般式进行式完成式过去was / were donewas / were being donehad been done现在am / is / are doneam / is / are being donehave / has been done将来shall / will be doneshall / will have been done下面我们以高考题为例，对被动语态的用法作个总结和延伸。考点一：在时态中的应用【考例回顾】1. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world. （天津2011）A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 2. Experiments of this kind _ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. （北京2011）A. have conducted B. have been conductedC. had conducted D. had been conducted【点拨】1. 答案为B。 时间状语In the last few years常与现在完成时连用；films与produce之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。2. 答案为D。 根据句意，此动作是在二战之前发生，故用过去完成时；experiments与conduct之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。考点二：在动词不定式中的应用【考例回顾】1. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters. (浙江2011)A. being cheered B. be cheeredC. to be cheered D. were cheered2. There were many talented actors out there just waiting _.（江西2010）A. to discover B. to be discoveredC. discovered D. being discovered【点拨】1. 答案为C。the team与cheer之间是被动关系，再由条件状语从句可知事情还没有发生，故用不定式的被动式。2. 答案为B。动词wait后接不定式作宾语且actors与discover之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。【考点解读】动词不定式的被动形式有两种：to be done和to have been done，前者表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时进行的动作，后者表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作。如：I will attend the party to be held on Friday.The book was said to have been published before he passed away. 考点三：“系动词+过去分词”表示的被动语态【考例回顾】1. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. （福建2010）A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck2. Tom knew he would certainly get _ if he was late home.（四川延考2008）A. shout at B. to shout atC. shouted at D. to be shouted at 【点拨】1. 答案为B。度假者是被困在国外，因此用过去分词stuck构成“remain +过去分词”结构，表示被动。2. 答案为C。he与shout at之间是被动关系，“get +过去分词”也是表达被动的一种结构。【考点解读】在口语或非正式文体中，常用“get / remain +过去分词”来表示被动。 考点四：主动表被动的应用【考例回顾】1. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _ now.（重庆2010）A. remains B. is remainedC. is remaining D. has been remained2. The water _ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.（2006全国卷I）A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels【点拨】1. 答案为A。remain是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，且一般也不用于进行时态。2. 答案为C。feel是系动词，没有被动语态。【考点解读】?誗某些表示主语内在品质或性能的意思为“起来”的及物动词，要用主动形式表达被动含义。这样的动词有：read, sell, write, sell, wash, clean等。如：The new pen writes smoothly.?誗to blame作表语时要用主动表示被动。如：I am not to blame for the failure. ?誗动词need / want / require后面的doing相当于to be done。如：The bike needs repairing / to be repaired.【体会运用】复习了被动语态的用法后，请完成下列对话来体会其运用。1. A：Thousands of people have been killed in the past few years because of drunk driving. I think some measures must be taken to handle it. B：I couldnt agree more. It is said that it has been put into Criminal Law of the Peoples Republic of China already, and _ (以后酒驾者将会受到严惩). A: In my opinion, another measure to be taken is to make the public understand the harm of drunk driving.B: Im afraid _ (这个问题不好处理), for it is a tradition in China to drink at dinners. 2. A: Lisa, I got caught in the traffic jam yesterday. You will never know how angry I was!B: Oh, sorry to hear that. The transport in Beijing really needs to be improved.A: Yes. A bus full of passengers had been stuck in the long queue for a long time. And the driver got shouted at by some passengers. B: He is not to blame for it. _ (汽车的数量应该控制一下) and people should be requested to t