高口词汇Environment类

ENVIRONMENT 生态 自然 环保生态 自然 环保 SECTION I 英译中英译中 a killing frost 严寒 abrasion n 侵蚀 磨损 acid rain n 酸雨 详析详析 Acid rain is an air pollution produced when acid chemicals are incorporated into rain snow fog or mist The acid in acid rain comes from sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides products of burning coal and other fuels and from certain industrial processes acidification n 土地酸化 afforestation n 绿化造林 agricultural ecology 农业生态学 air emission standards 空气排放标准 air pollution 空气污染 air pollution emission 空气污染排放 物 algae n 藻类 海藻 alternative fuels 替代燃料 详析详析 Alternative fuels include compressed natural gas alcohols liquefied petroleum gas LPG and electricity altitude n 海拔 ample rainfall n 充足的雨量 annual temperature range 年气温幅度 anomalies n 反常 现象 aquatic life 水生植物 arid adj 干旱的 artificial rain n 人工降雨 ash n 灰烬 atmosphere The n 大气层 Autumnal Equinox fall equinox 秋分 9 月 22 日左右 Vernal Equinox spring equinox 春分 3 月 21 日左右 biosphere n 生物圈 详析详析 The terrestrial biosphere includes the living biota plants and animals and the litter and soil organic matter on land and the marine biosphere includes the biota and detritus in the oceans biota n 生态 生物区 详析详析 Biota means the animal and plant fauna and flora life of a given area barrier effect of mountains 山的阻隔效应 栅栏效应 beachgoer n 海滩游客 biomes n 生物群系 black hole n 黑洞 详析详析 Black hole is a place where the gravity is so strong that light can t even escape from it how would you know where to look for it it can also be interpreted as gateways to an alternative universe canopy n 树冠 华盖 car exhaust n 汽车尾气 carbon dioxide CO2 n 二氧化碳 carbon monoxide CO n 一氧化碳 Clean Air Act n 清洁空气法案 详析详析 The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments are the most far reaching revisions of the 1970 law In this summary we refer to the 1990 amendments as the 1990 Clean Air Act clean energy n 清洁能源 clean fuels n 清洁燃料 详析详析 Low pollution fuels that can replace ordinary gasoline climatic anomaly 气候异常 climatic zones 气候带 Temperate 温带 气候 the cool temperate zone 寒温带 the warm temperate zone 暖温带 Tropical 热带 气候 Subtropical 亚热带 气候 Tundra 苔原 气候 Equatorial 赤道 气候 Arid 干旱 气候 Mediterranean 地中海式 气候 Polar arctic 极地 气候 Mountains 高山 气候 Plateau 高原 气候 Maritime 海洋性 气候 Continental climate 大陆气候 clint n 石芽 coastline n 海岸线 combustion n 燃烧 comet n 彗星 confluence n 汇流 处 详析详析 A confluence is where a river joins another river contamination n 污染 continental plate 大陆板块 continental shelves 大陆架 contingency n 偶发事件 convection n 对流 corrosion n 侵蚀 cost effective adj 成本效益好的 合算的 cumulonimbus clouds n 积雨云 daily maximum temperatures n 日最高气温 daily minimum temperatures n 日最低气温 death toll n 死亡人数 debris flow 泥石流 decomposition n 分解 腐烂 deep water n 深冷水区 deforestation n 森林开伐 例子例子 Efforts have been made to stop deforestation the removal of forest stands by cutting and burning to provide land for agricultural purposes residential or industrial building sites roads etc or by harvesting the trees for building materials or fuel desertification n 土壤 沙漠化 荒漠化 例子例子 Overgrazing of rangelands large scale cutting of forests and woodlands drought and burning of extensive areas all serve to destroy or degrade the land cover and cause desertification domestic sewage n 生活污水 drought n 旱灾 dust storm n 沙尘暴 earthquake magnitude 震级 eco agriculture 生态农业 ecological impact 生态影响 ecosystem n 生态系统 详析详析 An ecosystem is defined as place having unique physical features encompassing air water and land and habitats supporting plant and animal life eco technology 生态技术 eddy n v 旋涡 起旋涡 El Nino Southern Oscillation ENSO 气候学 厄尔尼诺南徊现象 详析详析 厄尔尼诺是西班牙语 El Nino 的音译 厄尔尼诺洋流南美洲西海岸海洋表面的一支暖 洋流 那时海底不再有冷的 丰富营养的海水 能引起鲸鱼和鱼类的死亡并且影响大 部分太平洋地区的气候 在南美厄瓜多尔和秘鲁沿岸 海水每年都会出现季节性增 暖现象 因为这种现象发生在圣诞节前后 则被当地渔民称为厄尔尼诺 即 圣婴 上帝之子 的意思 现在厄尔尼诺一词已被气象和海洋学家用来专门指发生在赤 道太平洋东部和中部海水大范围持续异常增暖的现象 在海洋气象学中规定 该海 域海水表层温度高出气候平均值 0 5 以上 且持续时间超过 6 个月以上时定为厄尔 尼诺出现 The term El Nino means Christ Child and was first used by Peruvian fishermen in the late 1800 s to describe the warm current appearing off the western coast of Peru around Christmas time El Nino and its sister event La Nina are the extreme phases of the southern oscillation with El Nino referring to a warming of the eastern tropical Pacific and La Nina a cooling 又见 L 词条中 La Nina phenomenon 拉尼娜现象 emission n 排气 如汽车废气等 排放物 environment n 环境 详析详析 Environment refers to the sum of all external conditions affecting the life development and survival of an organism Environment Abstracts 环境文摘 简称EA environmental auditing 环境审核 environmental awareness 环保意识 environmental benefit 环境效益 environmental degradation 环境恶化 environmental hazards 环境危机 environmental lapse rate 气温垂直递减率 如由山地地形引起 environmental management 环境管理 environmental threats 环境威胁 epicenter n 震中 Equator n 赤道 equatorial zone 道地区 existing environmental regulations 现有环境规范条例 extinct species 灭绝的物种 fjord n 峡湾 firn n 积雪 万年雪 冰原 详析详析 Material that is transitional between snow and glacier ice It is formed from snow after passing through one summer melt season and becomes glacier ice after its permeability to liquid water falls to zero flood n 洪水 洪灾 food chain 食物链 详析详析 A sequence of organisms each of which uses the next lower member of the sequence as a food source forestation n 造林 fossil fuel 矿物燃料如石油 煤 天然气等 由古代生物衍生而成 详析详析 Any hydrocarbon deposit that can be burned for heat or power such as petroleum coal and natural gas freshwater pollution 淡水污染 fungi plural form of fungus n 真菌 包括酵母 霉菌 担子菌和蘑菇等 详析详析 Molds mildews yeasts mushrooms and puffballs a group of organisms that lack chlorophyll and therefore are not photosynthetic molds n 霉菌 bacteria n 细菌 viruses n 病毒 galaxy n 星系 银河 详析详析 1 A galaxy refers to a system of about 100 billion stars 2 The Milky Way 银河系 genera n 生物学 属 类 geothermal energy n 地热能 glacier n 冰河 global warming 全球变暖 例句例句 Worldwide temperatures have been rising which suggests a global warming 全世界温度上 升 说明全球正在变暖 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 格林威治平时 gorge n 山峡 例句例句 Geological early warning system has been set up in three gorges 在 三峡建了地质预警系统 grain for green 退耕还林 还草 grassland n 草地 草原 greenhouse effect n 温室效应 详析详析 There is concern that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide and methane may enhance the greenhouse effect and cause global warming greenhouse gases n 温室气体 ground cover n 地被植物 详析详析 Ground cover refers to plants grown to keep soil from eroding ground depression n 面沉降 地面塌陷 groundwater n 地下水 详析详析 It means the supply of fresh water found beneath the surface of the Earth usually in aquifers that often supplies wells and springs habitat n 自然环境 栖息地 Hazardous air pollutants HAPs 危害性空气污染物 详析详析 chemicals that cause serious health and environmental effects hazardous chemicals 有害化学物质 hazardous substance 危险品 有害物质 hazardous waste 危险废弃物 haze n 薄雾 霾 headland n 岬 heat island effect 热岛效应 详析详析 Cities form heat islands due to increased carbon dioxide herbivore n 食草动物 详析详析 Herbivore is an animal that feeds on plants Himalayas 喜马拉雅山 脉 hot springs 温泉 geysers 间歇泉 human exposure 人体照射 hydrocarbon n 氮氢化合物 烃 hydrology n 水文地理学 ice age 冰河时期 冰川代 详析详析 Ice Age refers to the latest glacial epoch the Pleistocene Epoch ice sheet continental glacier 地 大冰原 冰盾 详析详析 During the Pleistocene Epoch ice sheets covered large parts of North America and northern Europe but they are now confined to polar regions e g Greenland and Antarctica ice shelf 海 冰架 industrial solid wastes 工业固体废物 infiltration soil n 渗透 详析详析 Infiltration means movement of water from the ground surface into the soil infrared n 红外线 详析详析 light that is so red humans cannot see it infrared radiation 红外线辐射 详析详析 Abbreviated IR also called longwave radiation 简写为 IR 又称长波辐射 insolation n 暴晒 医 中暑 international energy forum 国际能源论坛 international energy foundation 国际能源组织 isotherm n 等温线 详析详析 A line that joins places with the same temperature isotope n 化 同位素 karst n 喀斯特地形 由于腐蚀而产生裂隙 落水洞 潜流和洞穴的不规则的石灰岩地 区 a karst cave 水蚀石灰洞 溶洞 La Nina phenomenon 气候 拉尼娜现象 详析详析 拉尼娜 拉尼娜是西班牙语 La Nina 小女孩 的意思 气象和海洋学家用来专门 指发生在赤道太平洋东部和中部海水大范围持续异常变冷的现象 海水表层温度低 出气候平均值 0 5 以上 且持续时间超过 6 个月以上 拉尼娜也称反厄尔尼诺现 象 厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜现象通常交替出现 对气候的影响大致相反 通过海洋与大 气之间的能量交换 改变大气环流而影响气候的变化 从近 50 年的监测资料看 厄尔尼诺出现频率多于拉尼娜 强度也大于拉尼娜 又见 E 词条中 El Nino Southern Oscillation ENSO 气候学 厄尔尼诺南徊现象 land subsidence 地面沉降 lapse rate 山区 气温垂直递减梯度 latitudes 纬度 longitudes 经度 life zone 生 生物带 lava n 熔岩 火山岩 leading edge research 尖端研究 lightning n 闪电 limestone scenery 岩溶景色 详析详析 Limestone scenery or karst forms some of the most attractive scenery in Britain litter v 乱扔垃圾 litter n 树林里的 枯枝落叶层 local topography 当地地形 marine pollution n 海洋污染 marsh n 湿地 沼泽 详析详析 Marsh is a type of wetland that does not accumulate appreciable peat deposits and is dominated by herbaceous vegetation marsh gas methane n 沼气 mean annual temperatures n 年平均气温 mean monthly temperatures n 月平均气温 Mediterranean n adj 地中海 的 melting Snow n 融雪 meteor shower n 流星雨 micro climates n 小气候 microorganism n 微生物 mid and high latitudes 中高纬度地区 mineral n 矿物 mist n 薄雾 moist air 潮湿空气 moldy adj 霉烂的 monsoon n 季候风 印度等地的 雨季 季风 详析详析 The monsoons are strongest in the southern and eastern sides of Asia but also occur along the coasts of tropical regions wherever the planetary circulation is not strong enough to inhibit them mosquito control n 蚊虫控制 mountainous region n 山区 mouth n 入河口 入海口 详析详析 A mouth is where a river meets the sea or an ocean natural selection n 生 自然选择 物竞天择说 详析详析 The process of survival of the fittest by which organisms that adapt to their environment survive while those that do not adapt disappear Natural disasters hazards n 自然灾害 危害 debris flow n 泥石流 drought n 干旱 dust storm n 沙尘暴 extratropical cyclone n 温带气旋 earthquake n 地震 flooding n 洪水 水灾 forest fire n 森林火灾 hail n 冰雹 hurricane n 飓风 hurricane warning n 飓风警报 hurricane watch n 飓风监视 storm surge n 风暴潮 tidal wave a tsunami n 海啸 tornado n 旋风 龙卷风 tropical cyclone n 热带气旋 tropical storm n 热带风暴 typhoon n 台风 volcano erupting n 火山暴发 natural reserve natural preservation zone 自然保护区 natural resource protection areas 自然资源保护区 nature nurture 先天与后天 遗传与环境 nebula pl nebulae n 星云 nitrogen dioxide n 二氧化氮 Nitrogen oxide n 一氧化氮 noise pollution n 噪音污染 nutrient adj 有营养的 opacity n 不透明性 详析详析 A glass window has almost 0 opacity whereas a concrete wall has 100 opacity ocean currents 洋流 ocean tide 海潮 oceanic plate 海洋板块 oil spill 石油泄漏 organism n 生物体 有机体 pest n 害虫 瘟疫 pesticide n 杀虫剂 photosynthesis n 光合作用 planet n 行星 Planet Earth 地球 Planet Jupiter 木星 Planet mars 火星 Planet Mercury 水星 Planet Neptune 海王星 Planet Pluto 冥王星 Planet Saturn 土星 Planet Uranus 天王星 Planet Venus 金星 plankton n 浮游生物 详析详析 plankton refers to passively floating or weakly motile aquatic plants phytoplankton浮 游植物 and animals zooplankton 浮游动物 polar adj 南 北 极的 Pollutant n 污染物质 Pollution Abstracts 污染文摘 简称PA pollution index n 污染指数 power plant n 发电站 发电厂 precipitation n 降水 暴雨 雪 冻雪或冰雹降落到地表的任何形式的水 详析详析 Any or all forms of liquid or solid water particles that fall from the atmosphere and reach the Earth s surface It includes drizzle rain snow snow pellets snow grains ice crystals ice pellets and hail primary energy n 一次能源 primary pollutant n 一次污染物 protect natural habitats 保护生存环境 PST Pacific Standard Time 太平洋标准时间 GMT Greenwich Mean Time time at 0 long 格林尼治平时 EST Eastern Standard Time 美国 东部时间 Qinghai Tibet plateau 青藏高原 quake n 震动 地震 radiation protection 辐射防护 radioactive materials 放射性物质 rare or endangered species 珍稀濒危物种 red tide rapid propagation of sea algae n 红潮 reflectivity n 反射率 renewable resources 可再生资源 reservoir n 水库 蓄水池 例子例子 One of the goals is to have Three Gorges Dam act as a reservoir during China s flood season residue n 残余物 resource degradation n 资源消耗 respiration n 呼吸 呼吸作用 Richter Scale n 里氏地震强度表 river basin 流域 salt marshes n 盐沼 sand dunes n 沙丘 seasonal variation n 季节性波动 secondary pollutant n 二次污染物 seismic earthquake activity n 地震 seismic waves n 地震波 sewage treatment disposal n 污水处理 shelterbelt n 防护林 shrubland n 灌木林地 silviculture n 造林学 林学 详析详析 Silviculture refers to management of forest land for timber smog n 工业烟雾 烟雾污染 详析详析 a mixture of pollutants principally ground level ozone produced by chemical reactions in the air involving smog forming chemicals soil alkalinization n 土壤碱化 soil erosion n 土壤侵蚀 solar cycle n 太阳活动周期 solar wind n 太阳风 详析详析 The wind from the Sun source the start of a river n 源头 space trash n 太空垃圾 Stalactite n 地钟乳 详析详析 Water dripping from the roofs of caves leave behind microscopic particles of calcium carbonate These build up as icicle shaped stalactites stalagmite n 石笋 stratosphere n 气 同温层 最上层 最高阶段 也是 Las Vegas 赌城同名最高酒店 sulfur dioxide n 二氧化硫 sunspot n 太阳黑子 详析详析 A relatively dark sharply defined region on the solar disk Supernova n 超新星 surface albedo n 表面反照率 surface water n 地表水 swamp n 沼泽 湿地 煤层聚水 temperate adj 温和的 temperate climate n 温和的气候 temperature variations n 气温变化 the amount of rainfall n 降雨量 the biological diversity n 生物多样性 the eye n 风眼 详析详析 the central part of the tropical storm the Ganges 恒河 the ozone layer n 臭氧层 the Pacific Ring of Fire n 太平洋火环 世界上最主要的火山带 系环绕太平洋的边 缘分布 号称 火环 thermal pollution n 热污染 thermal power plants n 热电站 three D climate n 立体气候 又见 E 词条中 environmental lapse rate 气温垂直递减率 如由山地地形引起 Three Gorges Project n 三峡工程 Three Gorges reservoir n 三峡水库 tree huggern 环境保护狂 有时甚至以抱树的方式来护树或宣示捍卫树木的决心的环保人士 tropical rain forest n 热带雨林 tropical storm n 热带风暴 thunder n 雷 雷声 toxic chemicals n 有毒化学物质 tributaries n 支流 tropical storm n 热带风暴 temperature inversion n 温度逆增 逆温现象 详析详析 Temperature inversion is one of the weather conditions that are often associated with serious smog episodes in some portions of the country tephra n 火山灰 详析详析 Any rock material produced by a volcano tundra n 苔原 冻土 详析详析 A type of ecosystem dominated by lichens mosses grasses and woody plants It is found at high latitudes arctic tundra and high altitudes alpine tundra traffic congestion 交通拥塞 UV ultraviolet n 紫外线 详析详析 Light that is so blue humans cannot see it A band of the electromagnetic spectrum between the visible and the X ray Photons of ultraviolet light are more energetic than photons of visible light UNCED 联合国环境与发展大会 环发大会 unlead gas n 无铅汽油 urban refuse n 城市垃圾 urbanization n 城市化 urbanite n 都市人 vapor n v 蒸发 vegetation cover n 植被覆盖 velocity n 迅速 快速 周转率 visibility n 可见度 volcanic eruption n 火山喷发 volcanoes n 火山 extinct volcano n 死火山 dormant volcano n 休眠火山 active volcano n 活火山 waste disposal n 废物处理 water loss and soil erosion n 水土流失 water pollution n 水污染 watershed n 分水岭 weather n 天气 wetlands n 湿地 详析详析 An area that is regularly saturated by surface water or groundwater and subsequently is characterized by a prevalence of vegetation that is adapted for life in saturated soil conditions wild fauna and flora n 野生动植物 wilderness n 荒野 未开垦的荒地 wildfire n 野火 wood ear n 木耳 woodland n 林地 World Environment Day June 5 世界环境日 World Meteorological Day March 23 世界气象日 World Oceans Day June 8 世界海洋日 World Water Day March 22 世界水日 zoo n 动物园 zoology n 动物学 生态 zooplankton n 浮游动物 SECTION II 中译英 1 白色污染白色污染 white pollution non degradable white plastics 2 保护生存环境保护生存环境 protect natural habitats 3 城市垃圾城市垃圾 urban refuse 4 地面沉降地面沉降 land subsidence ground depression 5 二次污染物二次污染物 secondary pollutant 6 二氧化氮二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide 7 二氧化硫二氧化硫 sulfur dioxide 8 防风治沙防风治沙 check wind and control sand 9 防护林防护林 shelterbelt 10 防治沙漠化防治沙漠化 combat desertification 11 封山育林封山育林 set apart hills for forestry 12 工业固体废物工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes 13 国际生物多样性日国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day Dec 29 14 国家环保基本方针国家环保基本方针 China s guiding principle for environmental protection 15 国家环保总局国家环保总局 SEPA State Environmental Protection Administration 16 海洋生物海洋生物 marine life 17 化害为利 变废为宝化害为利 变废为宝 turn the harmful into the beneficial and waste into valuable 18 环保产品环保产品 environment friendly products 19 环保意识环保意识 environmental awareness 20 环境恶化环境恶化 environmental degradation 21 环境污染综合防治环境污染综合防治 integrated control of environmental pollution 22 环境效益环境效益 environmental benefit 23 环境指标环境指标 environmental criteria 24 减少拥挤减少拥挤 decongestion 25 交通噪音交通噪音 traffic noise 26 可再生资源可再生资源 renewable resources 27 立体气候立体气候 3 D climate 28 环发大会环发大会 UN Conference on Environment and Development UNCED 29 绿化运动绿化运动 afforestation drive 30 绿色奥运绿色奥运 green Olympic Games 31 绿色能源绿色能源 green energy resource e g the solar power 如 太阳能 32 绿色企业绿色企业 green enterprise 33 牧场牧场 pasture 34 牧放牧放 吃草吃草 graze 35 青藏高原青藏高原 Qinghai Tibet plateau 36 清洁能源清洁能源 clean energy 37 全球变暖全球变暖 global warming 38 热带风暴热带风暴 tropical storm 39 热带雨林热带雨林 tropical rain forest 40 热岛效应热岛效应 heat island effect 41 热污染热污染 thermal pollution 42 人工降雨人工降雨 artificial rain 43 三峡工程三峡工程 Three Gorges Project 44 三峡工程三峡工程 three gorges project 45 三峡水库三峡水库 Three Gorges reservoir 46 森林覆盖率森林覆盖率 forest coverage 47 沙尘暴沙尘暴 dust storm sand storm 48 沙漠化沙漠化 desertification 49 生活污水生活污水 domestic sewage 50 生态技术生态技术 eco technology 51 生态农业生态农业 eco agriculture 52 生态示范区生态示范区 ecodemonstration region environment friendly region 53 受灾地区受灾地区 disaster affected area 54 水产资源水产资源 aquatic resour