2015高考英语必会短语及训练

2015 高考英语必会短语及训练高考英语必会短语及训练 1 take place 发生 举行 take place 为不及物动词短语 不能用于被动语态和进行时 The meeting will take place tomorrow 明天将召开会议 The concert takes place next Thursday 音乐会下星期四举行 剑桥高阶 考点提示 take one s place 入座 代替某人 take the place of 代替 happen occur take place 区别 1 happen 是一般用语 词义较广 强调事情发生的偶然性 2 occur 用法比较正式 既可指自然发生 也可指有意安排 相当于 happen 但更强调突然性 3 take place 一般指有计划 事先安排的事情 When will the football match A happen B be happened C take place D be taken place 2 take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 We took turns to watch the patient 我们轮流观察病人 考点提示 Error Error 轮流做某事 It is was one s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 1 Whose turn on duty today A is being B is C is it to be D is it to 2 Let s take drive the car A turn to B turns to C up to D turns in 3 more than one 不止一个 接可数名词单数 作主语时 谓语动词用单数 More than one student shows great interest in this subject 不止一个学生对这一学科感兴趣 考点提示 many a an 的意思是 许多 接可数名词单数 作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 意义相 当于 many 可数名词复数 1 More than one for the 800 meter race to be held next week A students have entered B student has entered C student have entered D students had entered 2 Many has been sent out to scientists from different fields A a invitation B an invitation C invitations D an invitations 4 for the reason of 为了 的缘故 reason n C 理由 原因 常与 for 连用 He gave up smoking for the reason of his health 为了他的健康 他戒烟了 考点提示 1 for reasons 为了 的缘故 He left his country for political reasons 由于政治原因他离开了祖国 2 the reason for 的理由 Give me your reason for doing it 给我做这件事的理由 What is the reason for your hurry 你为什么这么匆忙 3 the reason why is that 的原因是 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train 他迟到的原因是没赶上火车 4 for no reason 无缘无故 He often loses his temper for no reason 他常常无缘无故发脾气 完成句子 1 He was fined 由于 酒后驾车 2 I don t know 他发火的原因 3 My boss kept back my salary 无缘无故 5 lift off 火箭 导弹等 发射 直升飞机等 起飞 Something was wrong when the rocket lifted off 火箭升空时发生了故障 Right at lift off I guess I was up to about 140 heart beats 估计就在升空时我的心跳速度达到了 140 次 We have lift off 我们有发射任务 考点提示 1 lift up 举起 提起 使振奋 使受到鼓舞 Lift your head up 把头抬起来 2 lift 词义及用法 vt 提起 举起 抬起 This case is very heavy I can t lift it 这个箱子很重 我抬不起来 Surprised she lifted her head 她非常吃惊 抬起头来 vt 提高 提升 The good news lifted my spirits 这好消息使我精神大振 n give sb a lift 搭便车 帮某人一把 Can you give me a lift to the station 能让我搭个便车去火车站吗 I gave him a lift with his lessons 我帮助他做功课 n 电梯 take the lift 乘电梯 lift raise 辨析 两个词都含 举起 的意思 1 lift 指 用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度 She can lift a pail of water from the ground 她能把一桶水提起来 2 raise 与 lift 可换用 但 raise 着重 垂直高举 或 将物体由较低处移至较高处的适宜位 置 以发挥应有的作用 raise a flag 升旗 The plane from the Beijing Airport and flew to the east A put off B fell off C turned off D lifted off 6 choose from 从 中挑选 选择 The girl chose a toy bear from all the toys 这个小女孩从所有的玩具中挑了一个玩具熊 There are many books in the reading room for you to choose from 阅览室有很多书供你挑选 choose 表示 选中 的意思 He chose a reference book from the library 他从图书馆选了一本参考书 It took her a long time to choose her new shoes 她花了很长时间挑选她的新鞋 考点提示 choose at random carefully 任意 谨慎选择 choose between the two 二择一 choose by lot 抽签决定 too many to choose from 多得无从选择 There are five pairs but I m at a loss which to buy A to be chosen B to choose from C to choose D for choosing 7 let out 释放 让 出来 发出 叫声等 泄露 秘密等 He let the air out of the balloon 他把气球里的空气放了出来 剑桥高阶 When she saw the snake the girl let out a scream 这个小女孩看到蛇时 发出尖叫声 I will never tell you another secret if you let this one out 如果你把这个秘密泄露出去的话 我再也不会告诉你另外的秘密 He accidently he had quarrelled with his wife and that he hadn t been home for a couple of weeks A let out B took care C made sure D made out 8 make up 编造 构成 编写 打扮 Sixty students make up our class Our class is made up of 60 students 60 个学生组成了我们班 These dances are made up by students 这些舞蹈是由学生们编排的 He soon made up for the lessons he had missed 他很快弥补上了他所缺的课 说出下面 make up 的意思 1 The actors were making up when we arrived 2 Nine players make up a team 3 It took him a year to make up the book e to an end 停止 完了 终了 end 为名词 All good things must come to an end 一切好事迟早都会结束 天下没有不散的宴席 类似短语 1 draw to an end 接近尾声 临近结束 The meeting is drawing to an end 会议接近尾声 2 bring sth to an end 使 告终 结束 The battle finally brought the war to an end 这一仗使这场战争终告结束 3 put an end to sth 结束某事 终止某事 消灭某事 We must take measures to put an end to the war 我们必须采取措施结束这场战争 1 end up with 以 结束 end 为动词 The meeting ended up with the singing of The International 会议最后以唱 国际歌 而结束 2 end in 造成 结果 最终结果是 end 为动词 The game ended in a draw 比赛打成平局 The battle ended in a victory 战争以胜利而结束 3 All is well that ends well 谚语 结局好就一切都好 carry sth through to the end 把某事进行到底 come to no good end 失败 没有好下场 from end to end 从这一端到另一端 put an end to one s life 自杀 make both ends meet 收支相抵 Smell the flowers before you go to sleep and you may just sweet dreams A keep up with B put up withC end up with D catch up with 完成句子 1 他给朋友的信以祝好运这句话结束 He to his friend 2 他的钱花完了 He has his money 3 他们一切计划都以失败告终 All their plans 4 音乐结束 我们热烈地鼓掌 We clapped warmly when 10 make progress 取得进步 make progress in 在 方面 取得进展 make rapid great much progress 取得快速 很大进展 make no little progress 毫无进展 进步 in progress正在进行 在运行中 I m not making much progress with my Spanish 我的西班牙语没多大进步 The war seems to make no progress 战争似乎没有丝毫的进展 The ship made no progress through the rough sea 船只在汹涌的大海中踯躅不前 The student is making rapid progress in his studies 这个学生学习上进步很快 The building of the house is in progress 房子在建造中 英汉互译 1 The old lady made slow progress up the hill 2 尽管他学习非常努力 但在英语方面并未取得进步 答案 1 C happen 多指偶然发生 take place 指有计划 事先安排的发生 且不能用于被 动语态 2 1 C 2 B 3 1 B 2 B 4 1 for the reason of driving after drinking 2 the reason for his being angry 3 for no reason 5 D 句意 飞机从北京机场起飞 向东飞去 put off 推迟 fall off 从 摔下来 turn off 关闭 lift off 起飞 6 B 7 A 8 1 打扮 2 组成 3 编写 9 C 句意 睡觉之前闻一闻花 你会做甜美的梦 keep up with 跟上 put up with 忍受 容忍 end up with 以 结束 catch up with 赶上 根据句意选 C 1 ended his letter with good wishes 2 come to the end of 3 ended in failure 4 the music came to an end 10 1 老太太上山走得很慢 2 Though he works hard he makes little progress in his English 1 give sb a lift 让某人搭便车 I ll give you a lift back to London 我让你搭我的车回伦敦 Do you want a lift into town 你要搭车去城里吗 1 pick sb up 让某人搭便车 开车接某人 捎带某人 而 give sb a lift 主要是指顺路捎带 并非专门接送某人 2 ask sb for a lift 要求搭车 请求搭便车 A stranger asked for a lift on a lonely road 在一条偏僻的路上 一个陌生人要求搭便车 Can you please me a lift I m afraid my car s in dock A give B make C do D put 2 drop off 让 下车 把 放下 睡着 降低 逐渐消失 Just as I was dropping off I heard a noise in the house 刚要睡着 我就听见房子里有动静 Interest in the game has dropped off recently 人们对这项运动的兴趣近来有所减退 考点提示 drop in on 顺便拜访某人 drop in at 顺便拜访某处 drop out of 脱落 退学 退出 衰退 消失 Every day I drop my son at the school gate A in on B out C in at D off 3 have a difficult time in doing sth 做某事有困难 费事做 Poor Susan had a difficult hard time in trying to get the children to go to bed 可怜的苏姗很费事地才让孩子们上床睡觉了 考点提示 表示 做某事有困难 的几种表达方法 have trouble difficulty in doing sth have problems in doing sth have a hard time in doing sth I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant A find B found C to find D finding 4 insist on insist on 坚持 认为 坚持要求 一定要 后跟 sth doing sth 或者是 sb doing sth We insist on the highest standards of cleanliness in the hotel 我们坚持要酒店的卫生水平达到最高标准 She insists on washing her hair just when I want to have a bath 正当我要洗澡时 她偏要去洗头 发 辨析 insist on stick to 1 insist on 指坚持某种做法 意见 主张等 They insisted on leaving that day 他们坚持要在那天走 2 stick to 指坚持原则 计划 诺言 决定 真理 路线等 He always sticks to his promise plan 他总是坚守自己的诺言 计划 Mr Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention at the meeting A discuss B be discussed C discussing D to discuss 5 as a result 结果 是 因此 He slipped and broke his leg As a result he will have to be away from school for two or three months 他滑倒摔断了腿 因此不得不离开学校两三个月 辨析 as a result as a result of result in result from 1 as a result 后常有逗号 后加结果句 译作 因此 结果是 result 为名词 2 as a result of 后跟名词或名词性短语 不跟句子 译作 由于 原因 result 为名词 3 result in 后跟表示结果的名词或名词性短语 译作 导致了 结果 result 为动词 4 result from 后跟表示原因的名词或名词性短语 译作 由于 所造成 原因是 result 为动词 He was late as a result of the snow 他由于下雪而来迟了 His carelessness resulted in the big fire The big fire resulted from his carelessness 他的粗心造成了这场大火 用 result 的适当短语填空 1 Careless driving the accident 2 The accident his careless driving 3 He missed his plane the traffic jam 4 He was caught in the traffic jam he missed his plane 6 at least 至少 起码 The food wasn t good but at least it was cheap 食品不怎么好 但起码是便宜的 1 in the least 用于否定句 一点儿 丝毫 极少 He was not in the least angry with me 他对我丝毫没有生气 2 at the most 至多 最多 不超过 She is 25 years old at the most 她至多有二十五岁 I tried 9 times but I couldn t get the door open A at least B at the most C at the moment D at the end 7 be get confused 不知所措 困惑 混淆 弄混 The two steps cannot be confused 这两个步骤不能弄混了 be get become confused about at 对 感到迷惑不解 be get confused by 被 弄得不知所措 头脑不清 confuse with 把 与 弄混 confuse black with white 混淆黑白 There was a look on his face when he met with the problem A confusing confusing B confused confused C confusing confused D confused confusing 8 a bit of 一点 1 a bit 可用作程度副词 意思与 a little 相同 在名词之前要用 a bit of Let me give you a bit of advice 让我给你一些建议 Stay a bit longer It s still early 再待一会儿吧 还早着呢 2 not a bit 意义与 not at all 相同 而不同于 not a little 非常 I m not a bit tired 我一点儿都不累 I m not a little tired 我非常累 1 You must have been tired out yesterday Oh I felt as if I were dying A not a bit B not at all C not a little D not nearly 2 Would you mind my opening the window A Not a bit B Yes not a little C Yes help yourself D Never mind 9 look out for 1 当心 提防 When you are eating fish look out for bones 当你吃鱼的时候 当心鱼刺 2 注意看着 以便能看见 Look out for your aunt while you re at the station 你在车站的时候 留神看着你的姨妈 look out 注意 留神 Look out There is a car coming 小心 一辆车开来了 While walking in the street you should the cars running up and down A look out for B look out C look up D look into 10 take sth sb seriously 严肃认真地对待某物 人 I always take you seriously don t I 我总是很认真地对待你 不是吗 take sb sth lightly 不当回事地对待 It s not the kind of comment you take lightly is it 这不是能掉以轻心的那一类评论 是吗 If seriously she wouldn t have had the feeling of failure A taking B taken C to take D had been taken 答案 1 解析 请让我搭一下车好吗 我的汽车在修理 固定搭配 give sb a lift 让某人搭 便车 答案 A 2 解析 每天我开车把儿子送到校门口下车 drop in on 顺便拜访某人 drop out of 脱落 退学 退出 衰退 消失 drop in at 顺便拜访某处 drop off 让 下车 把 放下 答案 D 3 解析 考查固定句型 句意 我很难在那家餐厅里找到适合我的食物 have difficulty in doing 意为 做 有困难 故选 D 答案 D 4 解析 Johnson 坚持要求那个值得注意的问题在会上要讨论一下 本题考查虚拟语气 insist 引导的宾语从句要用虚拟 从句结构是 should 可省略 加动词原形 主语 problem 是要 被讨论 答案 B 5 1 resulted in 2 resulted from 3 as a result of 4 as a result 6 解析 我至少尝试了 9 下 但是还不能把门打开 at least 至少 at the most 最多 at the moment 此刻 at the end 最后 答案 A 7 解析 当他遇到这个令人困惑的问题时脸上有困惑的表情 第一空表示人所处的状态 即 感到困惑的 用 confused 第二空表示事物的特征或性质 表示 令人困惑的 用 confusing 答案 D 8 1 解析 你昨天一定累坏了 噢 累极了 我感觉要累死了 根据 I felt as if I were dying 可知选 C 答案 C 2 解析 你介意我打开窗子吗 一点也不 回答 do you mind 的问题时 一般用 not at all not a bit 或 No go ahead 若介意可说 Sorry but 答案 A 9 解析 过马路时 你应该当心来往的车辆 look out for 当心 look out 当心 look up 查找 look into 调查 往 里看 答案 A 10 解析 如果被认真地对待 她不会有失败的感觉 这是个省略句型 补充完整是 If she had been taken seriously 答案 B 1 bring an end to sth 结束 终止某事 bring sth to an end Then he brought his story to an end 然后他结束了他的故事 考点提示 end 作名词时构成的短语 come draw to an end 结束 告终 at the end of 在 末端 by the end of 到 末 in the end 最后 终于 from beginning to end 从开头到结尾 put an end to sth 结束某事 The battle finally to the war A gave up B did away C brought an end D made away 2 as for 至于 关于 As for me I shall not return there either 至于我 我也不会回到那儿了 考点提示 as to 至于 说到 as with 和 一样 you I refuse to have any dealings with you A As for B As with C As well as D So as to 3 in favour of 支持 赞成 主张 Are you in favour of women taking part in politics 你赞成妇女参政吗 They were in favor of free trade 他们主张自由贸易 考点提示 1 do sb a favour do a favour for sb 帮某人一个忙 2 find lose favour with sb 得 失 宠于某人 3 ask a favour of sb 请某人帮个忙 4 in sb s favour 对某人有利 受某人喜爱 The test is in your favour 这次测试对你有利 When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster many teachers would prefer to see him stepa side younger men A in terms of B in need of C in favor of D in praise of 4 protect from against 保护 保卫某人 Try to protect your skin from the sun 尽量保护皮肤不受太阳晒 Kids should be protected from all that violence 应保护孩子们免受所有暴力的侵害 prevent from stop from keep from 阻止 做 注意 1 prevent sb sth from doing sth 与 stop sb sth from doing sth 意义和用法都相同 from 还可以省略 但在被动结构中 不可省去 from 2 keep sb sth from doing sth 结构中 from 不可省略 否则 则变成其他含义 defend sb sth against from 保护 免受 free sb sth from 使 摆脱 China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea A attacking B having attacked C being attacked D having been attacked 5 concentrate on upon 全神贯注于 集中精力于 专心于 亦可用 concentrate sth on upon She was too distracted to concentrate properly on her book 她心烦意乱 根本无法专心读书 If you concentrate all your energies on the study of English you ll master the language 如果你集中精力学英语的话 你就会掌握这门语言 考点提示 1 focus on 或 focus on 聚焦于 把兴趣 活动等 焦点集中在 目光 注意力集中 于 2 fix on 或 fix on 把目光 注意力 集中于 定睛看 Small children couldn t concentrate what they were doing while their family were watching TV A to B on C for D at 6 consist of 由 组成 无进行时和被动语态 A university consists of teachers administrators and students 一所大学是由教师 管理人员和学生组成 Our dinner consisted of three courses only 我们的晚餐仅仅有三道菜 Our class 60 students A consists of B is made up C consists D makes up 7 attract the attention of sb 吸引某人的注意 亦用 attract one s attention Then his attention was attracted by the little figure of a man 他的注意力集中在一个身材瘦小的人身上 1 表示 吸引某人的注意力 的表达还有 catch one s attention draw one s attention keep hold one s attention Follect keeps the reader s attention throughout the book 福利特的书从头到尾都吸引着读者 2 fix focus one s attention on 将注意力集中于 devote one s attention to 专心于 Stand at attention Attention 立正 May I have your attention please Attention please The modern girl always wants to be the focus of A attention B education C revolution D creation 8 be used to sth doing sth 习惯于某事 做某事 be 可以用 get become 来代替 to 是介词 后加名词 动名词作宾语 I m sure I ll get used to the hard work 我肯定会习惯这项艰苦工作的 考点提示 1 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 暗示现在不做了 I used to go to the cinema a lot but I never get the time now 我过去常看电影 但现在根本没有时间看了 The shops usedn t to open on Sundays 这些商店过去在星期天是不营业的 2 be used to do 被用来做 Coal is used to make electricity 煤被用来发电 1 The country life he was used to greatly since 1992 A change B has changed C changing D have changed 2 My granny live in the country by herself but now she got used to together with us in the city A used to live B got used to living C used to living D was used to live 9 stand out 显著 显眼 杰出 I think black lettering will stand out best on a yellow sign 我认为黄色标牌上用黑色字体最醒目 Well that dress will make you stand out in a crowd 啊 那件衣服会使你在人群中很显眼 Among mystery writers P D James stands out as a superior storyteller 在侦探小说作家中 P D 詹姆斯最突出 是讲故事的高手 考点提示 stand aside 站到一边去 让开 不参与 stand back 退后 向后站 stand by 袖手旁观 准备行动 stand by sb 支持或援助某人 stand by sth 信守 遵守某事 stand for 代表 赞同 支持或主张某事物 Tom s red hair made him stand in the crowd A for B out C by D back 10 stand for 1 代表 象征 意味着 My name is Dean E Beller What does the E stand for 我的名字是迪恩 E 贝勒 E 代表的是什么 2 主张 支持 拥护 I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her 在我投她的票之前 我想知道她主张的是什么 3 一般用于疑问句和否定句 忍受 容忍 I won t stand for being treated like a child 我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待 考点提示 stand by 站在旁边 袖手旁观 支持 坚持 stand out 显眼 引人注目 stand up 起立 站得住脚 stand up for 支持 维护 保卫 stand up to 勇敢地面对 抵抗 经得起 顶得住 What does NASA stand It means National Aeronautics and Space Administration A by B on C for D out 答案 1 解析 这次战斗终于结束了这场战争 bring an end to sth 与 bring sth to an end 意为 结束某事 答案 C 2 解析 至于你 我不想跟你打任何交道 as for 至于 as with 和 一样 as well as 还有 so as to 为了 答案 A 3 解析 考查介词词组的用法 当在问及对这个学校的校长有什么看法时很多老师宁愿他 闪到一边去支持年轻人 in praise of 表扬 in terms of 就 而言 in need of 需要 答案 C 4 解析 考查固定词组搭配 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 本句中的 fishing boats 和 attack 是被动关系 所以选择 C 项 句意 中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制 来阻止中国渔船在中国南海被袭击 答案 C 5 解析 concentrate on sth 为固定搭配 意为 专心致志地做某事 答案 B 6 解析 由 组成 可表示为 consist of 或 be made up of make up 编造 化妆 答案 A 7 解析 那个摩登女孩总想成为注意力的焦点 attention 注意力 education 教育 revolution 革命 creation 创造 答案 A 8 1 解析 he was used to 在句中作定语 修饰 life 空格处是主句的谓语 跟 was used to 没有关系 根据时间 since 1992 用现在完成时 答案 B 2 解析 我奶奶过去一个人住在农村 但她现在已经习惯于与我们一起住在城市里 故第 一个空应为 used to 过去常常 第二空前的 get used to 表示 习惯于 其中的 to 为介词 后跟名词 代词 动名词作宾语 故用动名词形式 living 综合两空白处 C 项符合题意 答案 C 9 解析 Tom 的红头发使他在人群中很显眼 stand for 代表 stand out 显眼 stand by 袖 手旁观 stand back 退后 答案 B 10 解析 NASA 代表什么 它的意思是 美国国家航空航天局 stand by 袖手旁观 stand for 代表 象征 stand out 突出 结合句意 选 C 项 答案 C 1 react to 对 产生反应 回应 How did Wilson react to your idea 威尔逊对你的想法有什么反应 Ellie reacted by marching out of the room 埃莉的反应是大步走出房间 react on upon 对 给予反应 有影响 起作用 Applause reacts on a speaker 听众的 掌声对演讲人有影响 react against 抗拒 反抗 react with 与 发生化学反应 1 The rise of oil costs the price of food A reacted to B reacted with C reacted on D reacted against 2 Dogs react kindness showing affection A to by B on by C to on D on of e down to 归结为 结果是 落到 手中 1 不用被动语态 归结为 It all came down to a choice between cutting wages or cutting staff 归根到底 就是在减薪和裁员之间作出选择 2 落到 手中 传到 手里 The text which has come down to us is only a fragment of the original 那本课本到我们手里的时候已经破烂不全了 come down 下来 下降 跌价 下 雨 雪 come down from 从 传下来 get down to 着手做 开始做 to 为介词 The question whether we ought to act upon his advice A comes down to B gets down to C looks forward to D pays attention to 3 as long as 1 as so long as 如果 只要 引导条件状语从句 You can go out to play as long as you stay in the back yard 只要不出后院 你可以出去玩 2 as long as 表面意思是 像 那么长 用于比较 或 长达 You can stay here as long as you want 这儿你爱呆多久就呆多久 The table is as long as 2 metres 这桌子长达 2 米 as much as 多达 as far as 远至 至于 as soon as 一 就 as as 跟 一样 not as so as 和 不一样 不如 One s life has value one brings value to the life of others A so that B no matter how C as long as D except that 4 be meant for 打算给 作 用 These chairs are meant for guests 这些椅子是为客人们准备的 Is this picture meant for me 这幅画是打算给我的吗 be intended for 打算给 愿意要 专门为 设计 This is a book intended for young children 这是一本专供幼儿阅读的书 be meant to do sth 应该做 I thought the police were meant to protect people 我以为警察的职责就是保护人民 The magazine was for young girls A meaning B meant C means D to mean 5 get stuck in be stuck in 被陷在 卡住 The bus got stuck in the snow and we had to walk the rest of the way