《英语作文讲解》PPT课件

作文讲解 过渡词 1 表示叙事顺序first second lastly firstly secondly lastly tobeginwith next finally 2 表示补充意思besides moreover furthermore inaddition what smoremostimportantofall lastbutnotleast 3 表示结果therefore consequently asaresult 4 表示对照however while 而 foronething foranother ontheonehand ontheotherhand 5 表示例证forexample forinstance 6 表示部分somepeople and otherpeople some others andstillothers 7 表示总结inaword inshort inmyopinion例如 标准八股文 扩张的写法 Therearethreechiefreasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife First withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy people slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved Second mostpeoplearewellpaidandtheycanaffordtobuywhattheyneed Lastly moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife C 语言运用6 运用恰当的词汇7 运用正确的语法8 运用合适的句子结构9 使用正确的标点符号10 运用衔接手段表达句间关系 如对比 原因 结果 程度 目的等 D 写作格式11 运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式 作文使用率最高的12个基本句式 1 表示原因1 Therearethreereasonsforthis 2 Thereasonsforthisareasfollows 3 Thereasonforthisisobvious 4 Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek 5 Thereasonforthisisthat 6 Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat 例如 Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife Firstly people slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved Secondly mostpeoplearewellpaid andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike Lastbutnotleast moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife 2 表示好处1 Ithasthefollowingadvantages 2 Itdoesusalotofgood 3 Itbenefitsusquitealot 4 Itisbeneficialtous 5 Itisofgreatbenefittous 例如 Booksarelikefriends Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons Therefore readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous 3 表示坏处1 Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages 2 Itdoesusmuchharm 3 Itisharmfultous 例如 However everythingdividesintotwo Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevision 4 表示重要 必要 困难 方便 可能1 Itisimportant necessary difficult convenient possible forsb todosth 2 Wethinkitnecessarytodosth 3 Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife 例如 Computersarenowbeingusedeverywhere whetherinthegovernment inschoolsorinbusiness Soon computerswillbefoundineveryhome too WehavegoodreasontosaythatcomputersareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourlifeandwehavesteppedintotheComputerAge 5 表示措施1 Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures 2 Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome conquer thedifficulties 3 Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth 4 Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted faced with 例如 Thehousingproblemthatweareconfrontedwithisbecomingmoreandmoreserious Therefore wemusttakesomeeffectivemeasurestosolveit 6 表示变化1 Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears 2 Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworld scommunications 3 Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation 例如 Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople sdietinthepastfiveyears Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek Nowadays moreandmorepeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins 7 表示事实 现状1 Wecannotignorethefactthat 2 Noonecandenythefactthat 3 Thereisnodenyingthefactthat 4 Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin 5 However that snotthecase 例如 Wecannotignorethefactthatindustrializationbringswithittheproblemsofpollution Tosolvetheseproblems wecanstartbyeducatingthepublicaboutthehazardsofpollution Thegovernmentonitspartshouldalsodesignstricterlawstopromoteacleanerenvironment 8 表示比较1 ComparedwithA B 2 IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV 3 Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem 例如 Comparedwithcars bicycleshaveseveraladvantagesbesidesbeingaffordable Firstly theydonotconsumenaturalresourcesofpetroleum Secondly theydonotcausethepollutionproblem Lastbutnotleast theycontributetopeople shealthbygivingthemduephysicalexercise 9 表示数量1 Ithasincreased decreased from to 2 Thepopulationinthiscityhasnowincreased decreased to800 000 3 TheoutputofJulyinthisfactoryincreasedby15 comparedwiththatofJanuary 例如 Withtheimprovementofthelivingstandard theproportionofpeople sincomespentonfoodhasdecreasedwhilethatspentoneducationhasincreased Fromthegraphlistedabove itcanbeseenthatstudentuseofcomputershasincreasedfromanaverageoflessthantwohoursperweekin1990to20hoursin2000 10 表示看法1 Peoplehave take adopt assume differentattitudestowardssth 2 Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem 3 Peopletakedifferentviewsof on thequestion 4 Somepeoplebelievethat Othersarguethat 例如 Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsfailure Somebelievethatfailureleadstosuccess Everyfailuretheyexperiencetranslatesintoagreaterchanceofsuccessattheirrenewedendeavor However othersareeasilydiscouragedbyfailuresandputthemselvesintothecategoryoflosers 11 表示结论1 Inshort itcanbesaidthat 2 Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows 3 Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove wecancometotheconclusionthat 例如 Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove wecancometotheconclusionthatexaminationisnecessary however itsmethodshouldbeimproved 注 例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句 例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句 12 套语1 It swellknowntousthat 2 Asisknowntous 3 Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout 4 Fromthegraph table chart listedabove itcanbeseenthat 5 Asaproverbsays Wherethereisawill thereisaway 例如 Asiswellknowntous itisimportantforthestudentstoknowtheworldoutsidecampus Thereasonforthisisobvious Nowadays thesocietyischanginganddevelopingrapidly andthecampusisnolongeran ivorytower 再如 Doesitpaytobehonest Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit 英语考试作文常用句型 A 开头1 hasbecomeahottopicamongpeople especiallyamongtheyoung andheateddebatesarerightontheirway 2 Recently hasbeenbroughttosuchpopularattentionthat e g Recently theproblemofglobalwarminghasbeenbroughttosuchpopularattentionthatgovernmentsatalllevelsplaceitonthetopoftheagenda B结尾1 Onlyinthisway Onlywhen Onlythrough will canwe 或 Itisonlyif when thatwewill Itisonlyifallsidesofsocietytaketheirrolesfullythatwewillachievethesocietywewant 2 Aslongas wewillbeableto theproblemisboundto Aslongaswepersistinspreadingscientificknowledgeamongthemasses allthesuperstitionsareboundtogooutofourlife 3 Withaconstant steadyimprovementin 或Withthegradualworseningof sth will Withasteadyimprovementinourlegalsystem thisproblemwillsurebesolvedearlierorlater 4 Inaword thereisevery littlechance probability possibilitythat intimetocome Inoneword thereiseverychancethatthisChineseTraditionwillcontinuetoentertainmillionsofChinesecitizens C 中间1 Agreatnumberofsolutionsarebeingoffered Somepeoplesuggestthat Othersarguethat 2 ButIdon tthinkitisaverygoodwaytosolve Forinstance Worstofall 1 建议和解决方法1 Agreatnumberofsolutionsarebeingoffered Somepeoplesuggestthat Othersarguethat 2 ButIdon tthinkitisaverygoodwaytosolve Forinstance Worstofall 3 Mysuggestiontodealwith solve relievetheproblemareasfollows Inthefirstplace Secondly Finally4 Ifweletthesituationgoasitis Bythattime 如果让这种情况继续发展下去 那么到那个时候 5 If willtherebeanythingthatcanmakemeevenhappier 如果 我们怎么怎么做 那将没有比这令我更高兴的了 2 表示重要性或必要性1 It simportanttosetasidetimeforrelaxation hobbies andentertainmentaswell 2 Aharmoniousatmosphereisessential necessary critical indispensable toachievesuccess 3 Globalwarmingcanendangerourlivessomuchthatweareobligedtomakeacarefulstudyoftheproblemandtrytofindoutalastingsolutiontoit 3 表示目的1 Thepurposeofatestistoshowwhatyouhaveleanedaboutasubject 2 Theintentisnottocatcheveryonebutrathertocatchenoughtospreadtheword 3 Competitivesportsarerecommendedtoyoungadultstopreparethemforthecompetitiveworldofcollegeandbusiness 4 表示结果1 Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestmayleadtolossofhealth 2 Ifyoutrytolearntoomanythingsatatime youmaygetconfused 3 Byconsistenthardworkwewillbeabletoachievedourobjectives 目标 5 表示对比和比较1 Jobsandworkdomuchmorethanmostofusrealizetoprovidehappinessandcontentment 2 Workismorethananecessityformosthumanbeings itisthefocusoftheirlives thesourceoftheiridentityandcreativity 3 Ratherthanapunishmentoraburden workistheopportunitytorealizeone spotential 4 Themorescientistsfindout themorequestionstheyareunabletoanswer 6 表示条件或假设的结构1 WithoutthedistractionofTV theymightsitaroundtogetherafterdinner 2 Aslongasthebrainisgivenplentyofexerciseitkeepsitspower 3 Wereitlefttometodecidewhetherweshould Ishouldnothesitateamomenttopreferthelatter 4 Withoutadegreeandwithnovocationalexperiencetheirchancesofgettinggoodjobsareslim 7 表示举例1 Take forexample 2 Anillustration 例证 maymakethepointclear 8 表示采取措施1 Thegovernmentshouldbetakingeffective 有效的 measurestoovercomecurrentdifficulties 2 Ascollegestudents weareobligedtomakeeveryefforttohelpsupporttheOlympicGames 3 Theschoolauthoritiesshouldinvestmoreenergyandmoneyinimprovingworkingandlivingconditionsfortheteachers 9 表示让步关系1 Whileitmaybemoreconvenienttopossessacar itisalsoexpensiveandtroublesomeattimes 2 AlthoughIdonotearnagreatdealofmoneyforthisjob thepleasureIreceivefromtheworkmakesitworthwhile 10 表示因果或前提关系1 Becauseof owningto thepressure 压力 ofexaminations manystudentsareleftwithlittleornofreetime 2 Perhapsit sbecausefewofusknowhowtoacceptcompliments 赞扬 gracefully 3 Thatiswhyhouseworkisconsideredassuchadrearygrind 乏味的苦差事 4 Thereasonforthisisthat 11 表示存在的问题1 Oneofthegreatestproblemsfacingthe21stcenturywillbewhattodowithalltherubbishproducedintheworld 2 Totravelabroadisadesiresharedbymanypeople butfewcanaffordtodoit 3 Cheatingisnowconsideredtobeamajorproblemincollegesanduniversities 4 Manypeoplefinditharderandhardertokeepupwiththeradicalchangesthatcharacterizeourtime 5 Atfirstthought theproblemseemsfartooinvolved 复杂 butitcancertainlybesolvedwhenseriouslydealtwith 3 2 命题形式3 2 1 提纲作文提纲作文实质上是议论文 其下可分为四种类型 现象阐释型 Directions Forthispart youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicItPaystoBeHonest Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese 1 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象 2 诚实利人利已 做人应该诚实 问题对策型 分析问题 找出成因 提出解决办法 题目实例如下 1997年6月四级英语作文真题Directions Forthispart youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicGettingtoKnowtheWorldOutsidetheCampus Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline giveninChinese below 1 大学生了解社会的必要性 2 了解社会的途径 大众媒介 社会服务等 3 我打算怎么做 论说反驳型支持或驳斥一种观点 题目实例如下 1998年6月四级作文真题Directions Forthispart youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicDo LuckyNumbers ReallyBringGoodLuck Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline giveninChinese below 1 有些人认为某些数字会带来好运 2 我认为数字和运气无关 观点对比型辨析两种对立观点 题目实例如下 1995年1月四级作文真题Directions Forthispart youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicCanMoneyBuyHappiness Youshouldwritenolessthan100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline giveninChinese below 1 有人认为金钱是幸福之本 sourceofhappiness 2 也有人认为金钱是万恶之源 rootofallevil 3 我的看法 最近 你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论 讨论的主题是 公园要不要收门票 请你根据下表提供的信息 给报社写一封信 客观地介绍讨论情况 注意 1 信的开头已为你写好 2 词数 100左右 3 参考词汇 门票 entrancefeeDearEditor I mwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwe vehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks DearEditor I mwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwe vehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks 提出问题 Opinionsaredividedonthequestion 60 ofthestudentsareagainsttheideaofentrancefee Theybelieveapublicparkshouldbefreeofcharge Peopleneedaplacewheretheycanrestandenjoythemselves Changingentrancefeeswillnodoubtkeepsomepeopleaway Whatismore itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity 过渡句 观点一 论据一 论据二 Ontheotherhand 40 thinkthatfeesshouldbechargedbecauseyouneedmoneytopaygardenersandotherworkers andtobuyplantsandyoungtrees Theysuggest however feesshouldbechargedlow YourstrulyLiHua可以看出 这类文章的写作 首先要提出问题 即双方讨论的问题 接下来提出观点一 并用一系列论据进行阐明 说明完观点一之后 再提出观点二 继续用论据进行说明 如果需要说明自己的观点 可接下来说明自己的观点 观点二 论据一 论据二 1 观点对立型People sopinionsabout 主题 varyfrompersontoperson Somepeopleholdtheideathat 观点A Acaseinpointisthat 支持观点A的例子 Othersmayhaveaquitedifferentview Accordingtothem 观点B Theypointoutthat 支持观点B的理由1 Inaddition 支持观点B的理由2 AsfarasIamconcerned Iagreewith 你的观点 Itistruethat butIthin 重申你的观点 ArePetsGoodforPeople 1 有人认为养宠物好2 有人认为养宠物不好3 我的观点 People sopinionaboutwhetherpetsaregoodforpeoplevaryfrompersontoperson Somepeopleholdtheideathatthegreatvirtueofpetsisthattheycankeepuscompany andweallneedcompanionstokeepusfeelinghappy Acaseinpointisthatacatoradogcancomfortusattimeswhenhumanwordsdon thelp Othersmayhaveaquitedifferentview Accordingtothem keepingpetsisjustawasteoftimeandresources Theypointoutthatsomepetscancauseseriousillness Inaddition somepeoplenowadaysarecrazyaboutpetsthattheyevenneglectcaringforothers healthandtheenvironmentofthepublicplaces AsfarasIamconcerned Iagreewiththelatterargument Itistruethatpetscankeepusfeelinghappy butIthink weshouldthinkofothers happinessandhealth Petsarenotgoodforthebenefitofallpeople 2 说明利弊型例题 VideoGames1 玩电子游戏机有许多好处2 但也有些坏处3 我的看法 Introduction第1段 Somepeopleholdtheopinionthat A issuperiorto B inmanyways Others however arguethat B ismuchbetter Personally Iwouldprefer A becauseIthink A hasmoreadvantages Mainbody第2段 TherearemanyreasonswhyIprefer A Themainreasonisthat Anotherreasonisthat 赞同A的原因 第3段 Ofcourse choosing B alsohasadvantagestosomeextent 列出1 2个B的优势 Conclusion第4段 Butifallthesefactorsareconsidered A ismuchbetterthan B Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove wemayfinallydrawtheconclusionthat 总结观点 Nowadays thereisawidespreadconcernover theissuethat 作文题目 Infact therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin 题目议题 Generallyspeaking itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows Firstly 优点一 Andsecondly 优点二 JustAsapopularsayinggoes everycoinhastwosides 讨论议题 isnoexception andinanotherword itstillhasnegativeaspects Tobeginwith 缺点一 Inaddition 缺点二 Tosumup weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof 讨论议题 intofullplay andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime Inthatcase wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe 讨论议题 Nowadaysmanypeoplepreferplayingvideogamesbecauseitplaysasignificantroleinourleisuretime Generally itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows Tobeginwith theybringgreatpleasurestoyoungsters trainthemtorespondquickly Inaddition theystimulatetheirimaginationandinterestinelectronicsandcomputerscience Buteverythingcanbedividedintotwo Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent Someyoungpeople especiallyschoolchildren spendtoomuchtimeplayingthem Tomakemattersworse itwilldoharmtotheirhealthandeyesandaffecttheirschoolachievements Inconclusion whatevereffectstheyhave onethingiscertain onlyifonehasenoughself control canhebenefitfromvideogames Exposition解释说明型 1 HotIssue 模板 1 2 的选用依照题目要求而定 题目要求解决方法 选 1 题目要求分析原因 选 2 例题 1 HowtoSolvetheTrafficProblems1 交通事故经常发生 2 解决交通问题方法很多 3 我的看法 Currently thereisawidespreadconcernover theissuethat 作文题目 Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus Asaresult wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem Firstofall 途径一 Inaddition anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis 途径二 Aboveall tosolvetheproblemof 作文题目 weshouldfindanumberofvariousways ButasfarasIamconcerned Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway thatistosay 方法 范文 HowtoSolvetheTrafficProblems Inmostofthebigcities withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry moreandmorepeopleareconcernedabouttheheavierandheaviertraffic Accordingly therearequiteafewpeoplewhogetinvolvedintheroadaccidentsandsomeofthemevenlosetheirlives Confrontedwiththeincreasingtrafficproblems weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituations Foronething wemaywidenmainroads Foranother wemayopenupmorebuslines ifthemainstreetsarewidened trafficjamswillbedecreasedanditwillbeconvenientfordriverstodrive Ifweopenupmorebuslinesindowntownareas citizenswillhaveseveralchoicesfortheirdestinationsiftheytakebuses Finally wecanalsobuildsubways AsfarasIamconcerned wemustbuildmoreoverpasses underpassesgallopbridgesandopenupmorebuslinestodecreasethenumberofcars trucksandbicyclesinthemainstreets Consequently Iamconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecausethesemeasureshelpreducetrafficproblemseffectively 例题 2 BrainDrain1 现在人才外流的现象越来越严重 2 出现这种情况的原因 3 解决办法 范文 BrainDrain Nowadayswiththeadventofglobalization anumberofpeoplehavegoneabroadwithstillmorereadytogo Andwehavetofaceaproblemthatsomeofthemhavebeenstayingoverseasbeyondtheirtimelimit althoughmanycollegesanduniversitiesarewringingtheirhandsoverthelackoftalentedpeople Onemaywonder whathasledtothedepartureofmanyintellectuals Iwillventuretoexplorethereasonsasfollows Tostartwith somepeoplegoabroadtoseekfortune butmostofthememigratebecausetheycan tbringtheirtalentintofullplayintheirmotherland Backwardmanagementandunreasonabledistributionsystemtogetherwithpoorlivingandworkingconditionshavecausedtheoutflow What smore theyjoinedtherushabroadtofurthertheirstudiesandkeepupwiththelatestacademicdevelopment Inaddition theoverseasenvironmentoffersabetterchancetobetterthemselvesandtomoveupward Inviewoftheseriousnessoftheproblems effectivemeasuresshouldbetaken First itistimethatwecreatedabetterenvironmentfortheirdevelopment Foranother thegovernmentshouldissueapackageofbenefitstoattractthemtoreturnandcontributetothefutureofourcountry B 阐述主题题型 要求从一句话或一个主题出发 按照提纲的要求进行论述 1 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义 2 分析并举例使其更充实 Thegoodoldproverb 名言或谚语 remindsusthat 释义 Indeed wecanlearnmanythingsformit Firstofall 理由一 Forexample 举例说明 Secondly 理由二 Anothercaseisthat 举例说明 Furthermore 理由三 Inmyopinion 我的观点 Inshort whateveryoudo pleaserememberthesaying A Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstudyorwork you llnecessarilybenefitalotfromit C 解决方法题型 要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径1 问题现状2 怎样解决 解决方案的优缺点 Inrecentdays wehavetofaceaproblem A whichIsbecomingmoreandmoreserious First 说明A的现状 Second 举例进一步说明现状 ConfrontedwithA weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation Foronething 解决方法一 Foranother 解决方法二 Finally 解决方法三 Personally Ibelievethat 我的解决方法 Consequently I mconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause 带来的好处 D说明利弊题型 这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状 再对比事物本身的利弊 有时也会单从一个角度 利或弊 出发 最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度 或对事物前景提出预测 1 说明事物现状2 事物本身的优缺点 或一方面 3 你对现状 或前景 的看法 1 NowadaysmanypeoplepreferAbecauseitplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife Generally itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows First A的优点之一 Besides A的优点之二 Buteverycoinhastwosides Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesi