必修4英语同步教案.doc

必修4英语同步教案普通高中英语（新课标人教版）必修4 Uni5教案一、课标要求类别课程标准要求掌握的项目话题Entertainment: different types of theme parks; theme parks in different cultures.词汇theme amuse amusement various variety shuttle charge admission profit souvenirathletic brand equipment sneaker minority fantasy settler experiment advance advanced technique test cloth jungle creature volunteer translatorcome to life get close to功能问路(Asking the, way):How far is / are .? Its about 10 minutes walk.How can we get to .? Its about 200 metres away.Its just behind the . Over there is the .Can / Could you tell / show me where.? Down, the path you can see .Go down this path; and turn left / right at the first crossing.语法构词法(Word formation):1. 合成法(Compounding):watermelon, kind-hearted, downtown, life-size, handsome, hardworking, ice cream2. 派生法 (Derivation):前缀：supermarket, disagree, enlarge, unfair, subway, mini-skirt后缀：amusement, settler, imagination, admission, careful, clearly二、课堂笔记Words1 chargeThey fixed my watch_免费的free of charge.Is it all right to leave/put the battery on _充电overnight? chargeHow much do you charge _a haircut? forThe paper charged her_using the companys money for her own purposes. withThe 19-year-old will be appearing in court on Thursday where she will face criminal c_. chargesIts not working - I dont think the battery is charging.I left Jack in charge of the suitcases while I went to get the tickets.2. admitNo admission before 12 noon.Admitted by ticket only. -Theyll charge you for a. . admissionAdmission _ to the exhibition will be by invitation only. toThe admission charge/fee is 2.3athleticXu Pinghua is the chair of the a_ department of Xuejun High School. athleticClass 13 are _擅长运动的 because they are often involved in sports. athleticYou have to be athletic to use the equipment.An athletic meeting _4profitThey make a p_ by the charges for admission and by selling souvenirs in their shops. profitYou dont expect to make much profit within the first couple of years of setting up a company.There isnt much profit in running a restaurant these days.5. varietyvarious a. various opinionsvariety n. for a variety of reasons, have a great variety to choose from, in a variety of waysThe theme parks provide us with a variety of things to see and do, including rides, boats, a Ferris wheel, a roller coaster , merry-go-round, slide, bumper car, etc. 6. 释义jungle n. a thick tropical forest with large plants growing close together.creature n. Lady Johnes is a charming creature. volunteer A volunteer is a person who offers service out of his or her own free will, often without payment. The year 2001 was the International Year of the Volunteer. People may volunteer to perform some work, e.g., of charitable character. shuttle n. the space shuttle Columbia broke up over Texas during space shuttle missions.-What can remind you of your visit several years later? - Photos and souvenirs7. 填空造句The village which had seemed deserted immediately came to life.California, along with Florida and Hawaii, is among the most popular US tourist destinations.ride n. give sb. a ride, go for a ride, take a long rideYou dont like this b_ of coffee? Its the most popular brand on the market. brandThey decided to prove sth. by experiment.- carry out an experiment, make an experiment on An imaginary enemy -advanced science and technology, a man advanced in years-三、课文短语 provide sb. With sth., amuse oneself, escape ones busy life for a while, share a purpose, find ways to do sth., meet ones need, sit chatting, play games, listen to birds singing, relax a bit, have picnics, have fun, it costs some money to do sth., in recent decades, provide entertainment, use shuttles to get around, have a variety of things to see and do, charge money for doing sth., make a profit, sell souvenirs, advertisie sth. on television, have a certain idea, base sth. on sth., a sports theme park, involve sb. inphysical exercise, buy a brand of sports equipment, come to life, go for rides on animals, cook cultural foods, have pictures taken, chare admission, name sb. after sb./sth., a place of fantasy, get close to sth. /sb., take an active park in experiments, go on trips to space, use computer techniques to do sth.四、Unit 5诵读文摘Tips to make the most of your vacation in theme parksHow can you get the most from your theme park visit? For an answer, I turned to Robert Obenour. Hes spent his career in the theme park business and is currently vice president of operations for Baker Leisure Group, an international theme park consultancy. Heres the advice he gave me to pass on to you.1.Plan your visit. Buy a guidebook. Read reviews. Check out the parks Web site. Then plan what you want to see and do. Unless the park is small, you shouldnt expect to see or do everything in one day, so set your priorities. The investment you make in planning will pay handsome dividends on “park day.”1.Have a “Plan B.” It is not uncommon that an attraction will be closed. In that case, just move on to the next on your list. Also, in the unlikely but not unheard of event that the entire park is closed, have a backup plan that includes another, nearby activity.2.Arrive early. An extra 15 minutes waiting in line at the park entrance could cut an hour off of your waiting time for the most popular attractions.3.Divide and conquer. Chances are that not everyone in your party wants to do or see the same things. Although it is nice to be able to share the experiences of a theme park as a family or with friends, time (and money) may limit the opportunity for each person to accomplish what he or she would like while traveling as a group.4.Keep in touch. Go your separate ways, but arrange to meet back at a specific location at a designated time to talk over your experiences, offer recommendations, revise your plan and set a time and place for your next meeting. Also have a site selected that can become a place to reestablish contact should your party become accidentally separated. It will save lots of time that might otherwise be spent looking for one another.5.Go deep. Once you enter the park, proceed to the farthest attractions first. Theme park designers place much of the merchandise near the park entrances hoping to catch you coming and going. And it works in this case to your advantage. By bypassing the shops on your way to the popular attractions, you will beat others who get waylaid by the shops.6.Choose your position. The front of the line may not always be the best for attractions where large numbers of guests are admitted all at once as, for instance, in an auditorium. The people who are at the very front of the line may find themselves up against a side wall, while middle-of-the-liners have the best view.7.Leave mid-day. Generally, theme parks are most crowded in the middle of the day. This is a good time to rest for a few hours regaining your strength for another assault on the park later in the day. Be sure to get your hand stamped or get some other proof of admission that will allow you to be readmitted to the park at no charge.8.Eat outside. Food prices inside a theme park can be as horrifying as any of the parks dark rides. While taking your mid-day break from the park, refuel yourself without spending a bundle on hot dogs.9.Return late-day. As the energy of other guests wanes, move back into the park. This time, visit the attractions closer to the entrance first where it is probably less crowded now.10.Shop last. Want to buy souvenirs? Do it on your way out. You wont have to lug your purchases around with you all day.11.Enjoy. Finally, if you find yourself getting ticked off at slow lines, poor service or inconsiderate guests, stop and take a breather. A visit to a theme park is supposed to be an enjoyable event, not a stressful occasion.五、语法知识构词法课外阅读 了解了英语构词法是迅速扩大词汇量的有效途径之一。英语中有转化法、合成法、缀合法、派生法等构词方式，这里我们将向您陆续讲解比较常用的几种，希望对您的英语学习有所帮助。首先，来介绍一下构词法中的几个基本概念：词根（base,boot）：指同根词共有的可以辨认的部分。例如：philanthropist(慈善家)、anthropoid（类人的）、misanthropist（厌世者）、anthropology（人类学）这几个词中的词根anthropo-(人)就很容易辨认出来。词干（stem）：是未经词形变化的原词。前缀（prefix）和后缀(suffix)：原是独立的词或词根，由于经常缀在别的词或词根的前后，辅助中心意义，渐渐就失去了独立的意义和形式，而成为附加的构词部分。例如：co-(with)就是一个常见的前缀。通常把带有前后缀的新词叫做合成词，也有人把带有后缀的词叫做派生词。把一个词从一种词类转成另一种词类，可以用缀合法，如red adj. (红的)to redden v.（变红）；可以用改变词根的元音或辅音的办法，即元级派生法，如food n.(食物)to feed v.（喂饭）；也可以原封不动，转成其他词类，如pale adj.(苍白的)to pale v.（脸变白），即转化法。这里，我们先来看看“转化法”中名词转成动词的一些例子。He filmed the story. / He reproduced the story on a film.他把这篇小说拍成电影。人身器官名称，用作动词，表示使用这种器官的动作。例如：He shouldered his way through the crowd. (他用肩膀从人群中挤过去) 此外，如to cheek (厚着脸说)、to finger (摸索)、to hand a person（用手领着）等。盛具或衣物的名称，用作动词，表示“盛”或者“装入”。例如：He pocketed his book and pen. (他把钢笔、本子装进衣袋子)以及to bottle(装瓶)、to can (装罐)、to sack (装在袋里)。表示地点的名词用作动词也有类似用法：to corner( 逼在角落)、to island(隔离)、to nursery(放在温室里)等等。除此之外，还有动词、副词、助动词等转化成名词的用法，我们来看一些例子：On another run they failed to see the boat.他们第二次去的时候没有找到那只船。 ins and outs (来龙去脉) back and forth(问答) a must ( 必不可少的事) many ifs（许多条件）动词加副词转化为名词的例子也很多：Break-down(垮)、get-together(聚会)、set-back(挫折)、wash-out(废物)等。另外，形容词有时候也可以转成名词，如：the greens(青菜)、great sillies(大蠢人) 下面，我们来学习一下“合成法（composition）”。凡是由两个或两个以上的构词成分，合成一个词，而其中每个成分又可以独立为词的，叫做合成词（compounds）,而这种构词法，叫做合成法。比如：coal-mine(煤矿)、man-made(人造的)。合成词的特有含义，不受词中各个成分连结方式的影响，它的写法由习惯而定，可以写在一起，如blackbird(画眉);可以用连词符号连接，如turn-coat(叛徒)；也可以分开写，如black list(黑名单)。注意，分开写的合成词，不仅仅在意义上，即使在形式上，也和词组有区别。比如black sea 里的black，不是独立的形容词，不能说very black sea。合成词各个成分之间关系千变万化，分类也有很多种，这里就合成词的词性，分类举例说明：1.合成名词名词+名词：前面的名词说明后面的名词，中心意义由后面的名词表达，比如，同是book,可以有account book，hand-book，note-book等等。前面的名词可以表示人、物、性别、器具、地点、时间、比喻对象等等。如：eye-shot(视力范围)、buck-rabbit（公兔）、night-school(夜校)、baby-husband（小女婿）等等。形容词+名词：这类词意义关系一目了然，有时候是实指，有时候是指物而拟人。如Blueprints(蓝图)，big hat（大人物）,double-face(两面派)等等。动名词+名词：动名词表示行为或状态的改变，名词往往表示所用的器物，地名等等，如consulting-room（诊室），writing-desk（写字台）。动词+名词：往往由短语动词变成，或者是转化与合成的结合，如pickpocket(扒手)，turn-coat(叛徒)等等。名词+动名词：很普遍，有时甚至可以随意构造，如book-learning（书本知识），word-making(构词)等等。前置词+名词：意义关系和“形容词+名词”类型相似：after-effects(后果)，by-product(副产品)等等。另外，国名的组合，有时候用“拉丁语+英语”的方式，如Afro-Asian Peoples Conference( 亚非会议)、Sino-Japanese War(中日战争)1. 合成形容词形容词+名词：形容词和名词连用，原是短语，用做定语。固定下来，成为形容词，有的还只是nonce-words,也有合成名词作定语或转成形容词的情形：如full-time worker（全职工）、long-range gun(远程炮)等。形容词+形容词：这类词不算多，前面的形容词大都进一步说明后面的形容词，如：light-blue(浅蓝)、dead-alive(半死不活)。名词+过去分词：有被动意味，名词相当于前置词宾语，表示工具，行为者等，如:man-made(人造的)，moth-eaten(虫蛀的)。名词+现在分词：有主动意味，名词大都相当于行为的宾语，如：English-speaking people(说英语的人)，peace-loving（热爱和平的）形容词+现在分词：有主动意味，形容词相当于表语或者定语，如eager-seeming(样子急切)，easy-going（随和的）副词+分词：如half-baked(幼稚的)，far-seeing（有远见的）副词+形容词：over-anxious(过急)，all-round athlete(全能选手)名词+形容词：名词大都作比喻的对象，如cock-sure(自恃)，paper-thin（薄如纸）3.合成动词合成动词大都是由“副词动词”组成的，这里“副词”多半表示动作的方向、程度等等。如：out表示超过 to outnumber（超过数目）to out-talk（压过别人的声音）；under表示不足、在下 to underdevelop（发育不全）to underestimate（估计不足）to underline（行下划线）等等。4.叠声合成词由同一个词重复，或稍加声音变化重叠而成。这类词往往是加重语气因而常带有感情色彩，比方，嘲讽。例：goody-goody（假殷勤）so so（不怎么样）wish wash（乏味的饮料）等等。5.句式合成词整个句子当作一个词用，有的已经固定下来，例如pick-me-up（兴奋剂），whats-his-name（某某人）。整个句子用作形容词的现象比较普遍，把复杂的概念揉成单纯的限制语使行文紧凑。A let-bygones-be-bygones manner（一种“过去的就算了吧”的态度） an if-you-would-only-be-guided-by-me expression（一种“要是你肯听了我的话够多好”的神气）我们接着来学习构词法中的第三类“缀合法”，分前缀和后缀两部分来讲解。前缀 有些词根或单词，由于经常放在别的词根或单词前面使用，经过长期的发展，失去了独立的作用，变成前缀。前缀具有一定含义，但不见得很明确。前缀缀在词上，可以改变、限制、或加强这个词的含义，而不改变其词类。一个词根或词，可以层层缀上好几个前缀，如in-com-pre-hen-si-ble-ness(不可理解)的词根是hen,pre-,com-都加强了其含义，而in-又把整个词义转为否定。凡由缀加前缀或后缀而成的词叫做派生词。前缀的缀合，有时是连写，如extraordinary,有时用连词符号如extra-territorial,有时被词根吸收如ancestor(ante-cessor)。前缀既然有一定的意义，为了便于识别，下面就按照一样相近的前缀，分类说明。（前缀的来源一律以缩写字母注：OE古英语；OF古法语；L拉丁；GK希腊；IT意大利等）表示否定的前缀，这类前缀可以分为四种：（1）纯粹表示否定的，如a-,dis-,in-；（2）表示“错误”的，有mis- ；（3）表示“反动作”，如de-,un- ； （4）表示“反对”的，有anti-,contra-（1）纯粹表示否定的。a-,an-GK能构成少数新词。加在名词、形容词上，表示没有“某种性质“。如:amoral=unmoral不道德的,asexual无性别的.a-在元音前变成an-如anonymousonoma=name匿名的dis-L加在名词、形容词、动词上，表示否定。Disadvantage(劣势)、disagreement(不和)，disbelieve(不相信)in-,il-(在字母l前)，im-(在字母m,b,p前)，ir(在字母r前) L常和音节较多的learned words(雅语)，尤其是拉丁，法语外来词结合，加在形容词或其派生词、副词上，表示否定。Inaccurate, illegible, impolite, irregular, inability, infinite, impiou