高考英语专题复习试题：话题十一　语言与学习.doc

话题十一语言与学习1aimn瞄准；目标，目的v瞄准；对准；针对，对象是aimatdoingsth./todosth.力争做某事beaimedat目的是；旨在；针对takeaimat把目标对准2amountn数额；数量；金额v总计；共计amountto等于；相当于，总共，共计(to是介词)alargeamountof/largeamountsof大量的(修饰不可数名词)inlarge/small amounts大/少量地3anyhow(anyway) adv.无论如何；不管怎样4applyv申请；请求；使用；应用；涂，敷；勤奋工作，努力学习applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物applysth.tosth.把运用于；把涂抹于applyoneselfto (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事5assessvt.评估，估定；评定assesssb./sth.as.评定某事或某人为assesssth.at.估算为6averagen平均，平均数；一般，普通adj.平均的；普通的vt.平均达到on (the/an) average平均above/below (the) average高于/低于平均水平7basevt.以为据点(或总部等)；把设在；以为基础n根基，基底；底座；根据，出发点；基础base.on/upon.把建立在；以为根据bebasedon/upon以为根据(基础)onthebasisof在基础上8behavev举动；(举止或行为)表现behaveoneself举止规矩9busyadj.忙碌的；无暇的；占线的；正被占用的bebusy (in) doing/withsth.忙于(做)某事10majoradj.主要的；较严重的v主修n专业majorin主修ina/themajority占大多数11occupyv占领；使用，占用；使忙于；忙着beoccupiedwith/(in) doing sth.忙于/(做)某事occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于(做)某事12preparev准备；使准备好prepareforsth.为某事做准备preparesb.sth.preparesth.forsb.为某人准备某物bepreparedtodosth.乐意做某事makepreparationsfor为做准备13referv提到；说起；描述；涉及；参考referto查阅；参考；提到；指的是；关系到14respondvi.反应；回复，回答respondto响应；对作出反应；回答inresponseto作为对的答复/反应15responsibleadj.负责的，可靠的；应负责任的beresponsiblefor对负责；是的原因takeresponsibilityfor对有责任；对负责16requirevt.需要；要求requiredoing/to be done某人/物需要被requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事17urgev催促；力劝；竭力主张；驱赶；鞭策n强烈的欲望，冲动urgesb.todo.催促某人做urgethat.(should) do.主张18vitaladj.生死攸关的；有生命力的；必不可少的bevitalto/for对重要Itisvitalthat.(should) do.重要的是19all短语allinall总的来说allover处处，到处inall总计；总共afterall毕竟，终究aboveall最重要的是atall全然；根本20short短语beshortfor.是的缩写/简称inshort简言之；总之.单句语法填空1Thisactivity(aim) atimprovingthestudentsabilityoflisteningandspeaking.2Thenewtechnology，if(apply) toricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.3Hemadeacareful(assess) ofthesituation.4Theywereexpectedtobehave(they)5Heisbusy(feed) thecomputerwithnewdata.6Teachinganddoinghomeworkkeepher(occupy) everyday.7Well(prepare) forthecomingexam，hefeltquiteconfident.8Completetheexercisewithoutreferringadictionary.9Itisvitalthatstudents(finish) theirhomeworkontime.10PeoplewhocanspeakEnglisharethemajorityinthiscountry.11Moreandmorepeopleurgethegovernment(do) moreforthedisabled.12(base) onmyownopinion，thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.13Amountsofmoney(spend) onclotheseveryyear.14Hishouserequires(repair)15Werepreparingthisguidetohelpyourespondsuchsituations.根据要求完成句子1Theprogramisaimedatateenageaudience，soitispopularwiththem.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)2Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand，youllsoonfinishit.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)(用过去分词短语作状语改写)3当我进来的时候，学生们正忙着做作业。(一句多译)4她主张我应该向他道歉。(用urge翻译句子)5我在大学里主修英语。(一句多译)(一)阅读理解Theadvantagesofusingflashcardstobuildupavocabularyarewellknown.Youcanbuysetsofcards，ormakeyourown，andcarrythemwithyouwhereveryougo.Theresnoquestionthisisusefulandbecauseyoucanusetheminshortbursts，itsnottoomuchforyou.Itcanbefun.Idontrecommenddrillingforhoursatatimewithflashcards.Ifyouwanttouseflashcardsoftware，thingsgetevenbetter.Therearemanypackagesoutthereformaintaininganddrillingflashcards.IrecommendVTrainthoughtherearemanyothers.Onestandsout，however: SuperMemo.SimilartoPimsleur，SuperMemoisengineeredaccordingtoacarefullyresearchedmethodology(方法学) inordertotestyouonacardtheveryminimumnumberoftimesyouneedtoseeitforittostick.Whenyoulookatacard，yougivesomefeedbacktothesoftwareonwhetheryougotitrightandhoweasyyoufoundit.Itusesthisinformation，andthatofyourpreviousattempts，todecidewhenyouwillbeshownthecardnext.Itssmartanditreallyworks.Ifyourelikeme，thenewsisevenbetter! IhaveaversionofSuperMemothatrunsonmyPalmOSphone.WhereverIam，ifIhavemyphonehandy，Ihavethousandsofflashcardswithmetoo.Honestly，itwouldbeworthpurchasingacheapPalmdeviceonlyforthis.Youcanpickoneupfor20orevenlessoneBayorelsewhere.Considerit，atleast.1WithSuperMemo，whetherthenextcardwillbeshowndependson.AthetimeyoulookatthecardBtheinformationinthecomputerCthefeedbackonegivestothesoftwareDthetimesoneattemptstodowithacard2WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?AUsingcardstostudycanbeverytiring.BDontneedtostudywithflashcardstoolongatatime.CThereisnotenoughflashcardssoftwareatpresent.DFlashcardsoftwarecanbecarriedwhereveryougo.3Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?ATointroducetousawaytobuildupavocabulary.BToteachushowtomakeflashcards.CTosuggestusbuyingflashcards.DTotellushowtouseflashcardsoftware.(二)七选五ItisnecessarybutdifficultforEnglishbeginnerstomemorizenewwords，andlonglistsofwordsseemtomakethemissionimpossible.Theyarepuzzledwhytheytrytomemorizewordswithgreateffortsbutforgetthemeasily.Thatswhythereareofteninquiriesabouthowtomemorizenewwords.4Herearesometipstohelp.5Wetoooftenseparatetheprocessofnewwordsmemorizationfrompronunciation.Infactthesetwocanbecombinedandeachwillenhancetheother.Sayingthewordtoourselveshelpsactivateaural(hearing) memory，whichhelpsthememory.6Themorefamiliarwearewiththeword，thegreaterchancewewillhavetokeepitfortherestofourlife.NevermemorizesingleEnglishwords.7Relatethewordtotermswealreadyknow，eitherassynonymorantonym.Forexample，theword“gargantuan”(verylarge) issimilarinmeaningtowords“gigantic”，“huge”and“large”Makeasequenceofwords：“small，medium，large，gigantic，andgargantuan”Createamentalimageofthewordthatinvolvesstrongemotions.Think，“Thegargantuanwhaleisgoingtoswallowmewhole.”LearningEnglishwordsrequiresaction.Complaininghowdifficultitistomemorizenewwordswillbeoflittlehelp.8HaveatrywithtenwordsadayandyouwillseewhatadifferenceyouwillmakeinourEnglishlearning.AMemorizingnewwordsisveryimportant.BSotakeactionrightnow.CActually，somehavegivenuplearningnewwords.DSpeakthewordwhilememorizingit.EMakeasmanyassociationsandconnectionsaspossible.FThesoundofwordhelpsusrecallthespellingandfamiliarizesuswiththeword.GInfact，learningnewwordsneedntbethatdifficult.英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，有时用来指代前面提及的名词，有时也可能指代前面的一个句子。巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数可以准确而快速地解题。解题时需注意以下几点：1常用的代词有it，they，this，these，the，all等。2重视选项前后句中出现的代词，准确翻译句中代词的含义。3辨别清楚代词指代的单复数。4正确选项中，代词之后的关键词一定在原文的前一句谈论过。如果选项中说thisreward，那么选项前的句中一定出现过reward这个词或它的同义词。(三)完形填空MyfathergrewupinOklahomaduringtheearlyyearsoftheGreatDepression.Hewastheonlylivingchildofahardworkingfarmeranda9mother.WhenDadcompletedeighthgrade，mygrandfatherbelievedhisonlysonwouldworkonthefarm.Mygrandmother，10，understoodthedoorthateducationcouldopenevenin11economictimes.Shepersuadedgrandfatherto12Dadtofinishhighschool.Dadworkedhardandcompletedhighschoolattheageof16.Atlast，grandpawastohavehiswish.Dadwouldworkonthefarm，easingtheeconomicandphysical13grandpacarried.Butgrandmotheragain14grandpatopermitmyfathertogotocollege.After15，grandpamadethemostdifficultdecisionofhislifetime.Hewalkedtothechickencoop(鸡笼子)，wherehedidhis16.Takingashovelinhisworkwornhands，grandpa17ajarthatheldallthefamilyssavings.Heofferedthejaranditsprecious18toDad，saying，“Hereboy，gomakesomethingofyourself.”Realizingthathisfamilywas19alltheirsavingsbyinvestinginhiseducation，Dadbecameastewardofthosefunds.He20hisbachelorsdegreeandthenwentontotheUniversityofOklahoma，wherehegraduatedsecondinhis21schoolclassin1936.Jobswerehardto22whenDadgraduated，soheopenedhisownpracticeandlivedinahomewithadirtfloor.Heworkedlonghours，butIrememberhim23thegreatbookshediscoveredinthecourseofhiseducationwithme.Ourfamilywaschangedbythelongwalkgrandpatooktothechickencoop.Educationis24aninvestmentinourfamily.Itisatreasure.I25myfathertocollegeandlawschool，andallofmychildrenhavealso26highereducation.Wehavebeentransformedbyasacrificemadetwo27agobyaloving，ifnotfullyconvinced，grandfatherandapersistentgrandmotherandthathasmadeallthe28.9A.beautifulBcuriousCcapableDdevoted10A.soBhoweverCotherwiseDthus11A.toughBgreatCpeacefulDcompetitive12A.permitBtakeCaskDforce13A.painsBtroublesCburdensDactivities14A.refusedBbeggedCorderedDrequired15A.graduationBworkCreflectionDpermission16A.cookingBcleaningCfarmingDbanking17A.pickedupBdugupCbrokeupDcutup18A.booksBcontentsCbillsDcoins19A.sacrificingBstoringCtreasuringDwasting20A.failedBreceivedCofferedDneeded21A.mathsBeducationCeconomicsDlaw22A.comeoffBcomeaboutCcomebyDcomeon23A.makingBwritingCprotectingDsharing24A.morethanBratherthanCotherthanDlessthan25A.joinedBfollowedCadvisedDaccompanied26A.soughtBinsistedCfavoredDconsidered27A.yearsBcenturiesCdecadesDgenerations28A.senseBdifferenceCuseDeffect答案解析话题词汇梳理与对应训练.1.isaimed/aims2.applied3.assessment4.themselves5.feeding6.occupied7.prepared8.to9.(should) finish10.in11.to do12.Based13.are spent14.to be repaired/repairing15.to.1.Aimedatateenageaudience，theprogramispopularwiththem.2Applyingyourselftothejobinhand，youllsoonfinishit.Appliedtothejobinhand，youllsoonfinishit.3WhenIcamein，studentswereoccupied/busywiththeirhomework.WhenIcamein，studentswereoccupied/busydoingtheirhomework.WhenIcamein，studentsoccupiedthemselveswiththeirhomework.WhenIcamein，studentsoccupiedthemselvesindoingtheirhomework.4SheurgedthatI (should) apologizetohim.5ImanEnglishmajoratuniversity.MymajorisEnglishatuniversity.ImajorinEnglishatuniversity.话题语篇训练(一)语篇解读本文主要介绍了一款比flashcards更方便，功能也更多的积累词汇的软件SuperMemo。1C细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“When you look at a card，you give some feedback to the software on whether you got it right and how easy you found it.”可知，是否会显示下一张卡片，取决于学习者给软件的反馈。所以选C。2B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I dont recommend drilling for hours at a time with flashcards.”可知B项正确。3A写作意图题。作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种积累词汇的软件。所以选A。(二)4.G5.D6.F7.E8.B(三)语篇解读本文主要讲述作者的祖父母拿出自己所有的积蓄来让作者的父亲接受教育，从而改变了几代人人生的故事。9Dbeautiful美丽的；curious好奇的；capable能干的；devoted忠诚的，挚爱的，全心全意的。从下文对祖母的描述可知，祖母是一个全心全意为儿子奉献的母亲。故选D。10Bso所以；however 然而；otherwise否则；thus因此。根据上下文可知祖母的观点和祖父的观点截然不同，用however表示转折。故选B。11Atough艰苦的；great伟大的；peaceful和平的；competitive竞争的。祖母相信即使在经济困难的时期，教育也可以打开一扇门。故选A。12Apermit允许；take拿；ask问；force强迫。祖母说服了祖父允许父亲完成高中的学业。permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，符合语境。第二段最后一句中的“permit