Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？知识点详解

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？知识点详解close的用法(1)v.关闭(门，窗等)(2)adj.亲密的，靠近的eg：His home is close to the park.他家靠近公园。go past意为“经过，通过”其中past是介词，常用在go /walk /run等后面。go past相当于pass.【拓展】辨析past, across,through(1 )past指“从旁边(外面)过去，通过”。(2) across指从物体的一侧到另一侧或从某个范围内的一边到另一边，表示从“面上”穿过，常用于“过桥，过马路，过街道”等。(3 )through指“从中通过”，着重指在空间里进行，如“穿过森林、丛林”等。【辨析】news，information和 message(1) news不可数名词，意为“新闻，消息”，由广播，电视，报纸等传播出的最新消息。(2) information不可数名词，意为“信息，情报”，指通过学习、阅读、观察等方式而得到的信息。表示“一条信息”用a piece of information.(3) message可数名词，意为“口信，信息”。指可以传播 的信息。辨析pardon; sorry及Excuse me (1) pardon表示请求再说一遍(没听清)；请求原 谅。eg：Pardon? Can you say it again?对不起，再说一遍好吗？(2) sorry表示没达到对方的希望表示抱歉。(3) Excuse me表示打扰别人时的表达。表示有礼貌地请求的句式： (1)Could /Would /Can /Will you please do sth.？ (2)Would you like to？ (3)Would you mind doing sth.？hold的用法(1)抓住，握住eg：He is holding my hand all the time.他一直抓住我的手。(2)举行eg：Our school will hold a sports meeting next week.我们学校下周将要举行运动会。(3)容纳eg：The earth will not be able to hold so many people.地球将容纳不了那么多人。suggest的用法v.建议，提议suggest +n. /v. -ing /that从句eg：He suggests going camping next Friday.他提议下周五去野营。play的用法(1)play v.打，弹，拉，踢，下(棋)，播放注意：球类和棋类名词前不用定冠词the,(2) play n.剧，剧本(3)player n.运动员，唱机pass by路过，其同义短语为go /walk past。注意 pass是动词，past是介词，却具有“过去”之意。eg：The teacher passed by me. = The teacher walked past me老师刚从我旁边走过。a little earlier早一点【辨析(1)a little+n.(不可数)=a bit of+n.(2)a little /bitad j.adv. /adj.比较级/adv.比较级(3)实义动词(宾语)a little /bitscary和seared的用法(1)scary(所指对象是物)可怕的(2) scared所指对象是人)感到怕的eg：We are scared in the dark.我害怕在黑暗中。clean的用法(1)作动词，意为“打扫”，“把弄干净”。常用短语：clean up把)收拾整齐，(把)打扫干净。(2)作形容词，意为“干净的，整洁的”。eg：We must clean our classroom every day and keep it clean.我们必须每天打扫教室并保持干净。safe的用法safe意为“安全的，保险的”，常作表语。其反义词为dangerous,名词形式为safety,副词形式为safely,辨析】a kind of与kind ofa kind of意为“一种，一类”，后常接可数名词单数形式，名词前一般不用冠词。(2 )kind of意为“有几分”修饰形容词。Can you tell me where theres a good place to eat?你能告诉我哪里有吃东西的好地方吗？a good place to eat意为“吃东西的好地方”，这里动词不定式“to eat”作定语，修饰place,动词不定式作定语时总是后置。语法讲解：形容词的位置(1)形容词一般位于被修饰的名词前面，表示人或事物的性质和特征。(2)如果形容词修饰something、anything、nothing等词时，形容词必须放在被修饰词的后面。(3)当名词前有多个形容词修饰时，一般按下列词序排列：限定词一颜色一类别一中心词。将形容词改为反义词的构词法：在形容词前加前辍un-，im-，in-等。correct的用法(1) adj.正确的，相当于right(2)v.纠正，更正，改正eg：This sentence isnt correct，youd better correct it now.这个句子不对，你最好现在纠正过来。【拓展correctly adv.正确地direct adj.直接的eg：He used a direct order.他用了一个直接的命令。拓展indirect adj.间接的indirectly adv. 间接地，directly adv.直接地；direction方位，方向。eg：Its impolite to request for direction directly.直接地询问方位是不礼貌的。类似的派生词：polite adj.有礼貌的一politely adv.有礼貌地一impolite adj.没礼貌的，impolitely adv.没礼貌地lead v.引导eg：The girl often leads the blind man to go across the road.固定搭配：lead to导致；lead in to导入eg：Eating too much salt can lead to the high blood pressure.吃太多的盐会导致高血压。The teacher use a game to lead in to new knowledge.老师用一个游戏导入新知识。trouble v. /n.(使)烦恼，麻烦，打扰eg：May I trouble you to pick me up?I have trouble(in) finishing the work in a week.park的用法(1) park n.意为“公园”(2) park v.意为“停车”No parking!意为“禁止停车！”a parking lot停车场其他短语：(I) in different situation在不同的情况下(2)request for询问词组荟萃introduce oneself to sb.向某人做自我介绍ask for information politely礼貌地询问信息thank sb.for doing sth.谢谢某人做某事look forward to sth. /doing sth.期待着某事做某事on the corner of.在 的拐角wake up醒来in a rush匆忙get to school到达学校on time准时need to do sth.需要做某事a good place to go to一个好去处meet sb. for the first time 初次见面on the third floor在第三层楼on Green Street在格林街go along Main Street沿着主街走turn right向右拐be good at English擅长英语区分reach /arrive /get to (1)reach是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词，如reach Shanghai到达上海，reach Hong Kong到达香港，后面也可以跟副词，如：reach there到达那儿。 (2 )arrive是不及物动词，不能直接跟地点名词，要借助于介词at /in.小地点用介词at,大地点用in. eg：arrive at school arrive in Wuhan arrive后面可以跟副词arrive there到达那里 (3 )get to+地点名词 eg：get to school /get to Wuhan一、宾语从句(二) 1.前一单元已讲过引导词为that, if或whether引导的宾语从句及宾语从句的语序、时态。本单元主讲由特殊疑问句转变而来的宾语从句： (1)如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转变而来的，其引导词用原来的疑问词即可，这些引导词在宾语从句中充当一定的成分，故不能省略。 eg：He didnt know，where will you go？一He didnt know where you would go. (2)特别提醒：当引导词作宾语从句的主语或主语的定语时，宾语从句的语序等同于陈述句的语序。即：主句引导词引导词十n.谓语十 eg: )I wondered who beat you.我想知道谁击败了你。 Do you know how many books are yours?你知道多少书是你的吗？ 2.宾语从句小结。 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的常见关联词有that，if，whether，what，who，where，why和how等。从句原形关联词例句陈述句that(在口语或非正式文体中常省略)I think(that) Halloween is a fun festival.Mary thinks(that) the teams were just fantastic.一般疑问句whether，if(在口语中常用if)I wonder if/whether theyll have the races again next year.特殊疑问句who,what，which, when,where，how,whyCould you please tell me where the restrooms are?I asked Candy how life was different after she became famous.Can you tell me who she is?二、询问信息的礼貌表达法 当向别人询问信息