文献翻译——红外线遥控系统

外文文献资料InfraredRemoteControlSystem1Introduction1.1researchthebackgroundandsignificanceInfraredDataCommunicationTechnologyistheworldwideuseofawirelessconnectiontechnology,bythemanyhardwareandsoftwareplatformssupported.Isadatathroughelectricalpulsesandinfraredopticalpulseswitchbetweenthewirelessdatatransceivertechnology.Infraredtransceiverproductswithlowcost,small,fasttransmissionrate,thepoint-to-pointtransmissionsecurity,notsubjecttoelectromagneticinterferenceandothercharacteristicsthatcanbeachievedbetweenthedifferentproducts,rapid,convenientandsafeexchangeandtransmission,Inshortdistancewirelesstransmissionhaveaverydistinctadvantage.Infraredtransceiverproductsintheportableproductofagreatrole.Atpresent,theworlds150millionpieceofequipmentusedinfraredtechnologyinelectronicproductsandindustrialequipment.medicalequipmentandotherfieldswidelyused.Forexample,95%ofthenotebookcomputersontheinstallationofinfraredtransceiverinterfacethemajorityofthecellphoneisalsotheallocationofinfraredtransceiverinterface.Withtheexchangeofquantitativedata,infrareddatacommunicationswillenablecellphonedatatransmissionmoreconvenient.Withinfrareddatatransmissiontechnologymatures,perfect,lowcosts,InfraredTransceiverinshortdistancecommunicationswillbemorewidelyapplied.ThischapterfirstdescribestheinfraredtransceiverICdesignissuestothebackgroundandsignificance.thenbriefedtheinfrareddatacommunicationstechnologyfeaturesandapplications,andinfraredtransceiverproductcharacteristics,domesticandinternationalsituationanddevelopmenttrendofthelastunderinfraredremotetransceiversysteminpracticalapplicationtoestablishataskofdesignorientation.1.2InfraredRemoteControlTransceiverSystemInfraredremotecontrolsystemisdividedintosingle-channelandmulti-channelremotecontrol.Onlyacommandsignaltransmissionchannel,calledsingle-channelremotecontrolsystem;withmorethantwoinstructionssignaltransmissionchannelknownasamulti-channelremotecontrolsystem.Relativelysimplesingle-channelremotecontrol,ingeneral,onlyalauncherdirectiveKeyreceiversandonlyonecircuitimplementation.Whileinthereceivingcircuittoaddmorestablememorycircuitsthatcanbeactivatedcommandstolaunchanumberofkey,sothatthereceivercircuitmultistablememorycircuitrepeatedlytochangethestate,torealizemanyofthefunctionalcontrol,Butsuchastateofchangeistheorder.Ifwearetoachieveanarbitrarycontrol,resorttotheuseofmulti-channelremotecontrolsystem.Multi-channelremotecontrolcanberealizedbytheobjectofarbitrarymulti-functionremotecontrol.Asforthechoiceofseveralroutesandwhatcontrolmethods,accordingtotheactualsituation(suchasobject,operationalrequirementsandcostaccounting,etc.)todecide.Generalinfraredremotetransceiversystembyinfraredremotecontroltransmittersignalcoding,infraredremotecontrolsignalreceiversanddecoders(ordecoderchipMCU)andtheexternalcircuitconsistingofthreeparts.Signaltransmitterremotecontrolcodeusedtogeneratepulsesofinfraredemission-drivenoutputinfraredremotecontrolsignal,receivercompletionoftheremotecontrolsignalamplificationanddetection,plasticanddemodulationencodingpulse.Infraredremotecontrolcodedpulseisgoingtoobtainacontinuousserialbinarycode,andformostoftheinfraredtransceiversystem,Thisserialcodeasmicro-controlleroftheremotecontrolinputsignalsfromtheinternalCPUcompletionoftheremotecontrolinstructiondecoder,ontheotherinfraredremotecontroltransceivers,thedesignersofelectronicproducts,Theinternalmicro-controlleroftheremotecontroldecoderdirectiveisnotaccessible.Therefore,peopleareusinginfraredencoder/decoderchipandmicrocontrollerdevelopedvariousgenericinfraredremotetransceiversystem,Invariousequipmentinfraredsignalsbetweenthetransceiver.Remotetransceiversystemgenerallytransmittersandreceiversiscomposedoftwoparts.Launchersfromthegeneraldirectionkeys,codedinstructionscircuitmodulationcircuit,drivingcircuit,firingcircuitofseveralparts.Whenpressedakey,thedirectivecodingcircuit,inthecorrespondinginstructionsencodedsignal,theencodersignaltothecarriermodulation,Drivenbythepoweramplifiercircuitaftercircuitfiredfromthefieldafterfiringinstructionscodedmodulationsignals.Generalreceiverbythereceivingcircuit,theamplifiercircuit,demodulationcircuits,instructiondecodercircuit,drivingcircuit,circuitimplementationofseveralparts.ReceivingCircuitwilllaunchvehicleshavebeencodedmodulationsignalreceivinginstructionsfrom,andtoenlargeevacuationdemodulationcircuit.Demodulationcircuitwillhavethecodingmodulationsignaldemodulation,namely,reductionofsignalcoding.Theinstructiondecodertotheencodersignaldecoding,Drivenbythefinalcircuittodrivetheimplementationofvariousinstructionscircuittocontroltheoperation.1.3infraredremotecontroltransceiverproductprofiles1.3.1infraredremotecontroltransceiverproductstructureandtypeCurrentlyinfraredtransceiverinaccordancewiththemodeoftransmissionrateandcanbedividedintofourcategories:Serialmode,thehighestrateof115.2Kbps;medium-speedmodel:thehighestrateof0.567Mbpsand1.152Mbps;High-speedmode:Themaximumrateof16Mbps.Alsoaccordingtothesizechippowerconsumptioncanbedividedintolow-powerconsumptionandstandardtwocategories,low-powertypenormallyused3Vpowersupply,transmissiondistanceclosertoabout0-30cm,whichiscommonlyusedstandard5Vpowersupply,transmissiondistanceawayatleast1mabove.1.3.2infraredremotecontroltransmittersofthestatusquoathomeandabroadInfraredcommunicationtechnologyinthedevelopmentstageandthereareseveralinfraredcommunicationstandards,betweendifferentstandardsforinfraredequipmentcannotinfraredcommunication.Tohavealltheinfraredequipmenttointeroperabilityin1993bymorethan20largemanufacturersinitiatedtheestablishmentofanInfraredDataAssociation(IRDA)unifiedtheinfraredcommunicationstandards,whichiscurrentlywidelyusedininfrareddatacommunicationprotocolsandstandards,alsoknownastheIRDAstandard.Since1993IRDAsincetheestablishmentoftheInfraredDataAssociationmembershavedevelopedtomorethan150.IRDAstandardsoftheindustryhasbeenwidelyrecognizedandsupported.Hasbeendevelopedwiththeinfraredcommunicationsequipmenthavebeenasmanyas100species.IRmodule,installedcapacityhasreached150millionsets.AlthoughthereisalsoashortdistancewirelessBluetoothtechnology,Butininfraredcommunicationtechnologylowcostandbroadcompatibilityadvantages,Infrareddatacommunicationinthefuturewillstillbeaverylongtimeinherentshort-rangewirelessdatacommunicationsfieldsplayanimportantrole.1.3.3InfraredTransceiverproductdevelopmenttrendInvariousinfraredtransceiverproducts,althoughthetransmissionrate,transmissiondistanceandothercharacteristics,Butinfraredtransceiverproductshasbeentowardsimprovingthetransmissionrate,increasethetransmissiondistanceandlowerpowerconsumption,expandinglaunchreceptionangleofdevelopment.Inparticular,asthetechnologydevelopmentandmaturity,themeansoftransmissionismovinginthedirectionofpoint-to-multipoint.Thereforeinfraredremotecontroltransceiverproductshavebroaderprospectsfordevelopment.2Infraredcommunicationofknowledge2.1infraredrayfoundationknowledge2.1.1infraredoutlinedInfraredisactuallyakindofelectromagneticwave.Fromtheanalysisofvariousnaturalcomponentoftheelectromagneticwavereflectedspectrumis:-ray,x-ray,ultraviolet,visible,infrared,microwaveandradiowave.Fromtheviewpointofform,andtheydidnotseemto,butifthewavelengthindescendingorder,andwewillfindhimalltheonlyvisiblelightspectrumoftheentire0.38m-0.76msolonglittlearea,andadjacenttothevisiblelightandinfrared(includingthefarinfrared,mid-infraredandnearinfraredforeign)accountsforthespectrumof0.76m-1000mofamajor.WhichmicronwavelengthrangealsoincludesUV,visible,nearinfrared,mid-infraredandfar-infrared,microwave.Fromtheaboveanalysisshowsthatinfraredisaveryrichspectrumresources,itcurrentlyhasinproduction,life,military,medical,andotheraspectshavebeenwidelyused,suchasinfraredheating,medicalinfrared,infraredcommunication,infraredcamera,infraredremotecontrol,andsoon.InfraredremotecontrolisthemanyapplicationsofinfraredpartofthecurrenthouseholdapplianceswidelyusedinTVremotecontrol,VCRremotecontrol,VCDremotecontrol,high-fidelityaudioremotecontrol,areusedinfra-redremotecontrol,Itallowsthecontroloftheseapplianceshavebecomeveryeasy.2.1.2infraredpropertiesInfraredliesbetweenvisiblelightandmicrowaveawave,itiswithcertainclinicalcharacteristicsofthewave.Inthenear-infrared,visiblelightanditsadjacent,itisvisibleincertaincharacteristics,suchasstraight-linetransmission,reflection,refraction,scattering,diffraction,canbecertainobjectsandcanbeabsorbedthroughthelensoftheirfocusing.Inthefar-infraredregion,owingtoitsneighboringmicrowave,ithassomecharacteristicsofmicrowave,Ifastrongpenetratingpowerandcanrunthroughsomeopaquesubstances.Sinceinanyobject,naturalprofession,regardlessofwhetheritsownluminescence(referringtovisiblelight),aslongasthetemperatureisaboveabsolutezero(-273C),momentwillbekeptaroundtoinfraredradiation.Onlyhighertemperatureofobjectsstronginfraredradiation,low-temperatureobjectsinfraredradiationweaker.Thereforeinfraredfeatureisthegreatestcommoninnature,itiscalledthermalradiationcalledthermalradiation.Infraredcameras,infrarednightmarketpyroelectricinfrareddetectorsandsomeothermissilesaimingatistheuseofthischaracteristicofinfraredwork.Infraredandvisiblelightcomparedtoanothercharacteristicofavarietyofcolors.Asthelongestwavelengthofvisiblelightisawavelengthoftheshortesttimes(780nm-380nm),Soiscalledanoctave.Andinfraredwavelengthisthelongestshortestwavelengthofatimes,andthelongestwavelengthinfraredistheshortestwavelengthof10times,thatis,10octave.Therefore,ifvisiblelightcanbeexpressedassevencolors,infraredmayperformance70colors,showingtherichcolors.Infraredsmokethroughthegoodperformance,whichisalsooneofitsfeatures.Becausenotvisibletotheinfrared,ithaslittleeffectontheenvironment.Bythewaveinfraredraysthanthelongwavelengthradiowaves,infraredremotecontrolwillnotaffectthenearbyradioequipment.Anotherwavelengthoflessthan1.5mnearinfraredlight,transparentatmosphereinthevisiblelighttransmissioncharacteristicsmuchbetterthan,becauseitclosetothevisibleedgeoftheredlight,lineartransmission,reflection,refractionandabsorptionmaterialandthephysicalcharacteristicsverysimilartovisiblelight.Therefore,itcanbeusedwithsimilarvisiblefocusinglensandotheropticaldevices.Becauseinfraredremotecontrolisnotasremoteastheradiothroughthebarriertocontroltheobjectsabilitytocontrol,sointhedesignofhouseholdappliancesinfra-redremotecontrol,wirelessremotecontrolasunnecessary,eachset(transmittersandreceivers)havedifferentfrequencyorremotecoding(Otherwise,wallwillcontrolorinterferencewithneighborshouseholdappliances),allsimilarproductsintheinfraredremotecontrol,Thesamecancontrolthefrequencyorcoding,andnoremotecontrolsignaldrop.Thisuniversalinfraredremotecontrolprovidesagreatconvenience.Infraredtovisiblelight,isverysubtleandconfidentiality,therefore,thesecurity,Alertandothersecuritydeviceshavebeenwidelyused.Infraredremotecontrolissimpleinstructureandeasy,low-cost,anti-interferencecapability,highreliabilityareanumberofadvantages,isaclose-upremotecontrol,especiallyinindoorremotecontroloptimizedmanner.2.1.3infrareddiodecharacteristicsInfraredisnotvisible,peopleherearenotawareof.Electronictechnologyisusedinfraredlightemittingdiode(alsoknownastheIRemissiondiode)togenerateinfrared.Infraredremotecontroltransceiverisusingnear-infraredtransmissioncontrolinstructions0.76mwavelengthof1.5m.Near-infraredremotecontrolasalightsource,becausethereinfraredlightemittingdiodesandinfraredreceivingdevice(photodiode.TransistorandPV)henear-infraredband,bothofthespectrumisthecoincidencetoagoodmatch,accesstohighertransmissionefficiencyandhigherreliability.Commonlyusedinfrareddiode,anditsshapeissimilarLEDlightemittingdiodes,Itsbasiccircuitshowninfigure2-2.Thetriodeplansfortheswitch,whenthebaseaddedadrivingsignal,TransistorsaturatedconductioninfraredLEDDisalsoWizardLink,issuedinfrared(nearinfraredabout0.93m).D.Thepressuredropofabout1.4Vandthecurrentgeneralfor10-20mA.ToadapttotheworkingvoltageoftheDloopresistanceoftenasaseriesofinfrareddiodecurrentlimitresistance.Whenthecircuitdiagramoftheinfraredemissioncontrolcorrespondingtothecontrolleddevice,thecontrolofthedistanceandDisproportionaltothetransmittingpower.Inordertoincreasethedistanceofinfraredcontrol,infrareddiodeDshouldworkonthepulsestatethatworkisthelifebloodofcurrent.Becausepulselight(opticalmodulation)theeffectivetransmissiondistanceandpulseisproportionaltothepeakcurrent,onlymaximizepeakcurrentIp,willincreasetheinfrareddistance.Ipincreaseisawaytoreducethepulsedutycycle,thatiscompressedpulsewidthsomeTVinfraredremotecontrol,itsinfraredluminescenceofthepulsedutycycleofabout1/4-1/3;Someelectricalproductsinfraredremotecontrol,itsdutycycleof1/10.Decreasingpulsedutycyclealsoenablelow-powerinfraredLEDdistanceofthegreatlyincreased.Commoninfraredlightemittingdiodes,powerisdividedintosmallpower(1mW-10mW).Chinesepower(20mW-50mW)andpower(50mW-100mWmore)threecategories.UsedifferentpowerinfraredLED,theallocationshouldbedrivenbythecorrespondingpowercontrol.Figure2-2bythereflectedinfraredlight-emittingdiodestomakeproduceopticalmodulation,Driversonlyneedtoaddthecontrolofacertainfrequencypulsevoltage.Infraredtransmitterandreceiverinthewaythetwokindsofstraight,andthesecondisreflective.Luminescencepointedstraightpipeandtubereceiverplacedinarelativelycontrolledandfiredonthetwoends,acertaindistanceawayfromthemiddle;Reflectivemeansluminescenttubeandpipeparallelwiththereceivingpeacetime,withoutalwaysreceivingtubelight,luminescenceonlyinpossessionoftheinfraredlightreflectedfromencountered,thereceivingtubereceivedfromthereflectedinfraredbeforework.2.2infraredcommunicationbasictenets2.2.1infraredcommunicationPrincipleCommunicationistheuseofinfraredwavelengthof900nm-infraredwavesfrom1000toserveasaninformationcarrier,throughinfraredtechnologybetweenthetwoclosecommunicationandconfidentialityofinformationtransmitted.Infraredcommunicationsystemstructureinclude:partlauncher,channel,thereceiverpart.Launchersourceletterissuedafterthebinarysignalfromthehigh-frequencymodulatedinfraredLEDsent,receivingdeviceregardthereceptionofhigh-frequencysignalsfromtheinfraredreceivertubeafterreceivingfurtherdemodulationphotoelectricconversionoftheoriginalinformationofamasscommunicationloseway.AfterwardstheformerInformationreceivedafterreceivingpartofthedrivecircuitconnectedtotheexpectedcompletionofthevariousfunctions.Towhichthemodulationcodingstylepulsewidthmodulation(bychangingthepulsewidthmodulatedsignalPWM)andpulsemodulationtime(throughchangethepulsetrainintervaltimebetweenthemodulationsignalPPM)two.2.2.2infraredcommunicationsystemelements(1)Launches:Currentlythereisainfraredwirelessdigitalcommunicationssystemsourcesofinformationincludingvoice,data,images.ItsmethodsofworkforthelaunchofthereceivercanbedividedintodifferentlayoutLOSway(Light-of-Sight,intracardiacway),diffuse(diffuse)mode.LOSwaydirectional,ithasgoodchannelcharacteristicssuchadvantages,buttheexistenceofashadoweffect.difficulttoachieveroamingfunction.Roamingmeansthemainfeaturesofnon-directional,andeasytoimplementroamingfunction,butitschannelqualityisbettersometimesLOSway.Transmissionofsignalsrequiredforafewof(thesamplingwasquantified),thegeneralneedforbasebandmodulation,transmission,modulation,sometimessignalsourcecoding,theabove-drivensignalsfromphotoelectricconvertercompleteopticalsignaltransmission.Infraredwirelessdigitalcommunicationssystemanditsscopeofwork-for-firedpowerdistribution,thequalityofthecommunication.Whileusingvariousmethodstoimproveopticaltransmitterpower,theotherusingspatialdiversity,holographicfilmsandsoonsodiffuselightforthelaunchofspaceopticalpowerevenlydistributed.(2)Channel:infraredwirelessdigitalcommunicationchannelreferstothetransmittersandreceiversinthespacebetween.Duetonaturallightandartificiallightsourcessuchaslightsignalsinthecontextofintervention,andthesource-ElectricalEquipment,Theopticalnoiseanddisturbances,infraredwirelessdigitalcommunicationsinsomeoccasions,poorquality,Atthispointneededtochannelcoding.Infraredwirelesscommunicationsystem,theopticalsignalreflection,lightscatteringandbackgroundnoiseandinterferenceeffects,Infraredwirelessdigitalchannelpresencemulti-pathinterferenceandnoise,Thisistoimprovethequalityandaccessforhigh-speedapplicationsshouldbeaddressed.Infraredwirelessdigitalcommunicationchanneloftenusedbythemajoropticalcomponents,opticalfilter,condenser,theirroleis:plastic,filter,dependingonthefieldtransformation,thebanddivision,thelenscanbeusedaslaunch-rayfocusing,theuseofopticalfiltersfilteroutstraylight,theuseofopticallensestoexpandthefieldofviewreceiver,abletomakeuseofopticalcomponentsforthelinkfrequencydivisionmultiplexing,etc.Infraredwirelesscommunicationchannelopticalnoise:thenaturalnoise(sunlight)andanthropogenicinterference(fluorescentlighting).canbemodulatedbythetransmissiontechnologysuchasfiltersandaddingtobeaddressed.(3)receivers:Channelopticalsignalfromtheopticalreceiverpartiallyphotoelectricconversion,Inordertoremovenoiseandintersymbolinterferenceandotherfunctions.Infraredwirelessdigitalcommunicationssystemreceiverincludeopticalreceiverpartsandfollow-upsampling,filtering,judgment,quantity,balancedanddecodingpart.Infraredwirelessopticalreceiveroftenusedamplifier,andcalledforlarge-bandwidth,highgain,lownoiseandlownoise,frequencyresponseandchannelimpulseresponsematched.Tobesuppressedbylow-frequencynoiseandhumandisturbanceneedsaband-passfilter.Toobtainlargeopticalreceiverscopeandinstantaneousfieldofview,oftenusingsphericalopticallens.2.2.3infraredcommunicationsfeatureWirelesscommunicationsarealotofways,someusinginfraredcommunicationwiththefollowingcharacteristics:Thehighfrequency,shortwavelength,andfiredtheenergyconcentratedspacepropagationattenuationcoefficientcanensuretheeffectivesignaltransmission;infraredistheinvisiblelight,strongconfidentialityanduseitasaninformationcarrier.devicewhenthereisnovisualpollution,itdoesnoharmtothehumanbody;disseminationwithoutlimitation,andthereisnoquestionoffrequencyinterferencewithradio-wavepattern,notonthespectrumresourcestotherelevantauthoritiesfortheapplicationandregistration,easytoimplement;hasagoodpoint,whenthetransmissionequipmentandinfraredreceiverpor