高中英语模块一unit13全套语法课件译林牛津必修1单元2定语从句2.ppt

growingpains unit2 grammer grammartheattributiveclause therestrictive non restrictiveattributiveclauses theattributiveclause theappositiveclause theattributiveclause theemphasisstructure 1 heisafamousscientist 2 who sthatgirlinred 3 i vereadallthebooksthatyoulentme 4 ihavelostmypen whichilikeverymuch payspecialattentiontotheunderlinedparts isthereanythingincommonbetweenthem theattributiveclause theadjectiveclause therestrictiveattributiveclausethenon restrictiveattributiveclausenoun pronoun theattributiveclausetheantecedent person thing therelativepronouns adverbs clause theuseoftherelativepronounsform1 person s subject object person s object person s thing s subject object thing s subject object person s thing s ofwhom which attributive theuseoftherelativeadverbs time adverbialoftime place adverbialofplace reason adverbialofreason practice completethesentenceswithsuitablerelatives 1 iknowthereason hecamelate 2 doyouknowthewoman sonwenttocollegelastyear 3 thehouse colorisredisjohn s 4 thisisthebestfilm i veeverseen 5 that sthetown heworkedin1987 6 ihave2brothers arebothsoldiers 7 nextweek you llspendinyourhometown iscoming 8 i vetried2pairsofshoes neitherof fitsmewell why whose whose that where who which which notice paymoreattentiontotheagreementbetweentheverbandtheantecedentinpersonandnumberintheattributiveclause andthencompletethesentences thosewho togotothecinemamustbeattheschoolgateby3 30p m want 2 hewho thegreatwallisnotatrueman notreach 3 sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho beentobeijing have 4 heisoneoftheboyswho seenthefilm have want doesn treach has have whenarelativepronounisusedasasubjectintheclause theverbmustagreewiththeantecedentinpersonandnumber 2 whentheantecedentisthestructure oneof n pl theverbintheclausemustbeplural agreeswiththepluralform however ifthereis the or theonlyvery before one theverbintheclausemustbesingular agreeswiththeword one conclusion1 关系副词when where why的用法以及与关系代词的区分 关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语 当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时 我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词 eg iwon tforgetthetimewhenigotmarried haveyoustillrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogether thisistheplacewherewehadagoodtime isthisthehousewheremrsmithlives idon tknowthereasonwhyhewon tjoinus doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn tcometosweeptheclassroom 关系副词when where和关系代词that which的区分 同样是修饰一个地点 有时使用where 有时使用that which 同样是修饰一个时间 有时使用when 有时使用that which 这主要看两点 一是定语从句是否完整 二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词 请比较以下句子 thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty thedifferencebetween that and which completethefollowingsentenceswith that or which thisisthe2ndarticle ihavewritteninenglish 2 itisthebestfilm hehaseverseen 3 thisistheverybook iwanttoread 4 all theytoldmesurprisedme 5 theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools theyhadvisited that that that that that conclusion3 whentheantecedentreferstothing s that isoftenusedinthefollowingcases 1 afterordinalnumberandsuperlatives 2 afterthefollowingwords all only little few much very none last just any thing every thing some thing no thing 3 aftertwoormoreantecedents referringtobothperson s andthing s 4 afterinterrogativepronouns which or who 5 whentherelativepronounisusedasapredictiveintheclause 6 whenthemainclausebeginswith therebe inthefollowingcases which isalwaysused afterprepositions tointroduceanon restrictiveattributiveclause thewholemainsentenceisthe antecedent oftherelativeclause andthereisalwaysacomma tellmethereason youwerelateforclass 2 whoisthegirl isspeakingthere 3 thisismr smith hassomethinginterestingtotellyou 4 thecomputer cpudoesn tworkhastoberepaired why that who whose fillintheblankswithsuitablerelativestocompletethefollowingsentences 5 thiskindofcomputer iswell known isoutofdate 6 thisisjusttheplace i vebeenlongingtovisitforyears 7 hismotherisanengineer makeshimveryproud 8 theoldmanhas4sons threeof aredoctors which that which whom 1 theearthisround isknowntoall 2 isknowntoall theearthisround as具有 正如 之意 搭配的动词一般是固定的 如 asyouknow asyousee asweplanned asweexpected which as 一 从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea fact news hope belief suggestion proposal word thought doubt truth possibility promise order等表示抽象意义的名词 而定语从句的先行词可以是名词 代词 主句的一部分或整个主句 如 wearelookingintothequestionwhetherheisworthtrusting 我们正在调查的是他是否值得信赖的问题 同位语从句 wordcamethathehadgoneabroad 据说他已经出国了 同位语从句 thedifferencebetweentheattributiveclauseandtheappositiveclause thedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom 你找的那位医生在房间里面 定语从句 名词thedoctor作先行词 ourteamhaswonthegame whichmakesusveryhappy 定语从句 which代表前面提到的整个句子 hismotherdidallshecouldtohelphimwithhisstudy 他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习 定语从句 代词all作先行词 二 从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制 属于形容词性从句的范畴 而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释 属于名词性从句的范畴 如 thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameistrue 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的 同位语从句 补充说明news的内容 thenews that hetoldmeyesterdayistrue 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的 定语从句 that从句作定语修饰news imadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefreeiwouldmakehimveryrich 我许诺如果谁让我自由 我就让他非常富有 同位语从句 补充说明promise themothermadeapromisethatpleasedallherchildren 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺 定语从句 that从句作定语修饰promise 三 从引导词及其在句子中的成份上区别有些引导词如how whether what可以引导同位语从句 但不能引导定语从句 如 thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑 同位语从句 ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim 我不知道他发生了什么事 同位语从句 引导词that引导定语从句时 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 指物时还可以用which代替 并且作宾语时常常省略 that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用 不充当任何成份 并且不能省略 也不能用which来代替 theorderthatwe should sendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday 我们应派几个人去帮助别的几个小组的命令昨天已收到了 同位语从句 是对order的具体解释 that虽不作成份 但不能省略 theorder that wereceivedyesterdaywasthatwe should sendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组 定语从句 是名词order的修饰语 that在从句中作received的宾语 可以省略 从a b c d四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingchristmas a whichb thatc whatd whether2 luckily we dbroughtaroadmapwithout wewouldhavelostourway a itb thatc thisd which3 thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars roadconditionsneed a that tobeimprovedb which tobeimprovedc where improvingd when improving b d a 5 informationhasbeenputforward moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities a whileb thatc whend as6 thefactcameup specificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold a whatb whichc thatd whose7 adecisionwasmade thosewhowantedtogetajobinthefactorywouldnotbeallowedtostay a whatb whenc whichd that b c d 8 thequestioncameupatthemeeting wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch thatb whatc whichd whether9 thereason heislateis therewasabreakdownontherailway a why whyb why thatc because thatd that because d b 强调句型的句式结构为 itis was 被强调部分 that who从句 在强调时间 地点 原因或方式状语时 一律用that 而不用when why或how 在强调主语和宾语时 如果主语和宾语指代人 则可用who和whom来代替that 但是从句中的人称和数要与被强调的主语和宾语保持一致 这些都容易与定语从句混淆 thedifferencebetweentheattributiveclauseandtheemphasisstructure 定语从句和强调句型的判断方法 若将句中的 itis was 和 that who 去掉 而句子不缺成分 结构完整 说明原句是强调句型 若