Jigsaw reading教学法的介绍及其应用.ppt

Jigsawreading 1 Whatis Jigsaw Ifthejigsawpuzzleisdividedintofourparts eachofthefourplayerskeeps1part Whatshouldthefourplayersdotocompletethejigsaw Cooperate Thisiswhatjigsawreadingisallabout 2 JigsawActivities Ajigsawactivityisagroupactivityinwhicheachmemberisdependentontheothersforpartoftheinfo Inotherwords inordertocompleteatask groupmembersmustcooperate StudentAs StudentBs StudentCs StudentDs eachmemberisdependentontheothersforpartoftheinfo 3 COMMENTS Ajigsawprovidesagoodwayforstaffmemberstolearnnewcontentandalsoprovidesanopportunityforstaffmemberstoteacheachotherwhattheyhavelearned Iscooperationnecessaryandessentialinreading 4 Directions 1PreparereadingmaterialProvidefourarticlesorlongerarticlesthathavebeenbrokendownintofoursections 5 2JigsawgroupsStudentsareputintogroupsoffour theirjigsawgroups Withinthesegroups eachpersonisassignedadifferentletter A B C D whichwillcorrespondtoanassignedtext A B C D A B C D 6 Studentsaremadetorealizethattheyareresponsibleforthesuccessorfailureofeveryoneontheirteam Theydothisbybeingresponsibleforcommunicatingtheinformationtheylearnintheirexpertgroups 7 Beforemovingintotheirexpertgroups studentsaretoldtorememberwhoisintheirjigsawgroup becausetheywillreassemblelatertoshareandbetestedonwhattheyhavelearnedintheirexpertgroups SohereitisimportanttomakeSs high completelygetinvolved 8 3ExpertGroups Next theteacherdividesstudentsintoexpertgroupsbyputtingalloftheA sinonegroup alloftheB sinonegroup alloftheC sinonegroupandalloftheD sinonegroup 9 A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D GroupA GroupB GroupC GroupD Jigsawgroup Expertgroup 10 3ExpertGroups Theteacherinformsthegroupsthatitisthetaskofeveryoneintheexpertgrouptoensurethateveryoneelseinthatgroupthoroughlyunderstandswhattheyread 11 TheteacherpassesoutthereadingtextletteredA B C andD Theteacherdoessomepre readingexercises Forexample skimmingthereadingandfindthegist solvingnewwordstogetherThentheyareaskedtosharewhattheyhavelearnedandtosharetheanswerstoexerciseswithintheexpertgroup 12 Theyshouldalsobeencouragedtorehearseexactlywhattheywillsaywhentheygobacktotheirjigsawgroups Itisimportanttogivestudentssufficienttimetodothis ortheywillnotlearnthematerialthoroughlyandtheteacherwillfindthattheytendtoreadthematerialwhentheyreturnbacktotheirjigsawgroups 13 Theteachermaygivestudentswrittenororalinstructionsforcarryingouttheirexpertgroupassignment Thefollowinginstructionsprovidesanexample 14 1 Readyourpassagequicklyforgeneralcomprehension 2 Readthepassageagain andmakesureyouknowallofthevocabulary 3 Dothevocabularyandcomprehensionquestionsandthenchecktheminyourexpertgroup sothatyouaresureyoucanteachthestoryandvocabularytoyourjigsawgrouplater 15 4 Consultyourteacherifthereissomethingyoudon tunderstand 5 Role playwithyourneighborhowyouwilltellyourstoryandteachnewvocabularywhenyourejoinyourjigsawgroup 16 4JigsawGroupsRevisited StudentsaredirectedtoreturntotheirJigsawgroups Eachpersontakesaturntoexplainthecontentofhisorherreading andtoteachthevocabularyandotherpartsoftheteacher sassignment 17 Theteacherinstructsstudentstoensurethateveryoneintheirgroupunderstandseveryaspectofthetextofeveryoneelseinthejigsawgroup Theteachergiveseachstudentatimelimit butensuresthatthereissufficienttimetocompletethetask Othersinthegroupshouldaskquestionstogetclarification Whatdoes mean 18 Theteacheralsoinstructsstudentshowmuchtotaltimethegrouphasbeforetheywillbetestedasagroup Theteachertellsstudentsthatthetestwillincludequestionsfromalltexts andthatthejigsawgroupswillreceiveagroupmarkdependinguponhowwelleachindividualinthegroupachievedonthetest 19 5Testing Studentswritethetest Theteachermaytestthegroupasawhole orindividualsinthegroup 20 6Assessing Itisdesirabletoreceivefeedbackfromthestudentsandbuildanawarenessofcooperationbyaskingquestionssuchas Howdidyourgroupdointhetest Howcouldyouhavedonebetter Whatdidyouobserveaboutthegroupinteractions Whatdidyouthinkwasmosteffectiveinthisexercise Whatdidyouthinkwasleasteffective 21 Sumup l Findanappropriatetext s andabetterwaystoadaptitforajigsawreadingexercise 2 Dividethereadingintosections ordevisedifferentversionsofthesamestoryforexpertgroups 22 Sumup 3 Formulatesomeexercisesthatwillhelpstudentsreadandunderstanddifficultwordsandsentencesintheirexpertgroupswhichwilllaterbesharedinjigsawgroups 4 Besuretheformatoftheexercisesissuchthatstudentscantakebacktheinformationtotheirjigsawgroups 23 Sumup 5 Formulatesomeguidelinesfordiscussionforjigsawgroups 6 Deviseashorttesttoevaluatejigsawgroups comprehensionoftext s 24 Students responsibilities Thestudents responsibilitiesincooperativelearningaretoworkontheassignedtasksasacooperativegroup Eachstudentisresponsibleforthesuccessorfailureoftheothers IfStudentAdoesnothelpStudentB thenbothstudentswillfail 25 Teacher srole Theteacher sroleistosetupreasonable realistic challengingactivities andcommunicatetherulesforcarryingoutthoseactivities Therulesshouldbeconducivetothephilosophyofcooperation 26 Teacher srole Onceateacherhasclearlylaidoutthetasksandmotivatedtheactivity sheorheshouldstepback actingonlyasafacilitatorsothatstudentscanusetheirinventivenessandcreativitytosolvetheproblem 27 Advantages 1 Increasesstudentindependence Studentsrealizethattheycanworkindependentlyoftheteacher Thus studentsbecomemoreselfreliantlearnersbothwithinandoutsideofclass 28 2 Promotespeerteaching Studentsaredependentuponeachotherfortheacquisitionofinformation Eachpersonhasachancetooffersomethingofimportance andeachpersonhassomethingtolearnfromhisorherpeers 29 3 Canbeusedinmulti levelclassrooms Weakandstrongreaderscanbeputtogetherinthesamegroupbecausethereadingtextthatonereceivesisdifferentfromthereadingtextthatanotherreceives 30 Itallowsteacherstolevelstudentsandgivethemsuitablereadings Thisensuresthatnooneisbored butthateachlearnerhasinformationthattheothersinthegrouprequiretocompletethetask 31 4 Canbeusedinavarietyofcontentareas Everyoneintheclassischallenged andthischallengeleadstomoreeffectivelearning Inaddition studentsareactive bothmentallyandphysically whilebeingexposedtoawealthofnewlanguageandlanguageforms 32 5 Canbeadaptedforuseinallagegroups Teachersmaywanttogroupstudentsaccordingtosameagelevels sameordifferentsex dependingonthestory Thus thetechniquecanbeusedindifferentkindsofclassrooms 33 6 PromotesindividualandgroupResponsibility Studentsseetheirworthwithinthegroup whichdevelopsselfconfidenceandselfrespect 34 7 Avoidsdominancebyonegroupmember Everyoneisresponsibleforhisorherownlearningaswellasthelearningofeveryoneelseandtheultimatescoreofthegroup 35 8 Createspeeracceptanceandunderstanding Studentshaveanopportunitytointeractwitheachother 36 9 Developssocialsocial skillssuchas a turn taking b politeinterruption c cooperation d mutualinterdependence e encouragement andf moralsupport 37 10 Aidsinassessment Teacherscanassesstheirstudents progressinavarietyofskillareasasstudentsparticipateintheactivity 38 10 Aidsinassessment Thisopportunityisdesirablewhereateacherisworkingwithgroupsoflanguageorliteracylearners orwhereateacherisworkinginaspecificcontentareaatthesametimeashelpingstudentsdeveloptheirreadingandwritingskills Plow 1990 39 Potentialdisadvantages Itisunfairtopresentthebenefitsofthejigsawreadingwithoutpresentingitsshortcomingsaswell First ifstudentsdonotfullyunderstandthepapertheyarepresenting 40 theywillspreadincorrectinformationtotheirgroupmembers anditisdifficultto determineifthestudentshaveadequatelyunderstoodthearticlestheyarepresenting Potentialdisadvantages 41 Whatcouldbedonetomakeupforit 1 Whilewanderingtheclassfromgrouptogroup theteachercanlisteninonthepresentationsandinterjectcommentstopartiallysolvethisproblem Unfortunately monitoringalloftheinformationbeingpresentedisdifficultforateacher especiallyinlargeclasses 42 Whatcouldbedonetomakeupforit 2 Theselectionofpapersthatareeasilyaccessibletotheclassisalsoanimportantissueinthisregard Papersattheveryupperlimitofthestudents abilitytoreadandcomprehendareprobablyinappropriateforthisassignment 43 Whatcouldbedonetomakeupforit 3 Provideaworksheetthatsimplyasksthelistenertolistthekeypointsofeachpresenter Thisworksheetcouldevenbehandedoutinadvanc