人教版高中英语选修八_unit2_cloning

Unit 2 Cloning,考纲知识预览,熟记单词,1 (vi.)不同，相异2 (adj.) 精确的3 (n.) 程序，步骤4 (vt.) 承担，从事5 (n.) 突破6 (adj.) 烦扰的7 (adv.) 总共，完全地,differ,exact,procedure,undertake,breakthrough,disturbing,altogether,考纲知识预览,8 (n.) 反对9 (adj.) 武断的，任意的10 (vt.) 投，扔11 (vt.) 禁止12 (vi.) 积累，聚积13 (adv.) 不久，立刻14 (vi.) 退休，退役15 (vt.& vi.) 打扰；操心,objection,arbitrary,cast,forbid,accumulate,shortly,retire,bother,考纲知识预览,16 (n.) 假定，设想17 (n.) 规定，法规18 (vt.) 抵抗，对抗19 (adv.) 仅仅20 (vt.) 获得，得到,assumption,regulation,resist,merely,obtain,考纲知识预览,1反对 2赞成；支持3一定；注定4不时；偶尔5偿清；取得成功6使复活7使沮丧8(因船失事而)漂流,翻译词组,object to,in favour of,be bound to,from time to time,pay off,recall.to life,be cast down,be cast away,考纲知识预览,The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how cells are to grow.首先要求的是你有完好的DNA，以提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息。,背诵句型,考纲知识预览,例句仿写(1)His requirement is that the work should be finished today.他的要求是今天完成这项工作。(2)My requirement is that you say sorry to me in public.我的要求是你公开向我道歉。,巧学活用,名师一线讲坛,1. undertake vt. (undertook，undertaken) 着手；从事；承担(1)undertake a task承担任务undertake to do sth.同意、答应或着手做某事undertake thatclause保证(2)undertaking n任务；事业；企业,名师一线讲坛,1完成句子(1)She _ (负责组织工作) of the whole scheme.(2)He _(答应在星期五以前完成那工作),即境活用,名师一线讲坛,(3)我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。(汉译英)_答案：(1)undertook the organization(2)undertook to finish the job by Friday(3)I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.,名师一线讲坛,2. object vi.不赞成；反对n物体；目标(1)object to (sb./sth.)反对(某人/某事)object to doing sth.反对做某事(2)objection n反对；不赞成have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth.对表示反对raise an objection to sth.对提出异议objective adj.真实的，客观的，无偏见的,名师一线讲坛,2.完成句子(1)We _(抗议这种待遇)(2)I _(提出反对意见) he was too young for the position.(3)_ (我反对该计划的主要理由) is that it costs too much.答案：(1)object to being treated like this(2)objected that (3)My main objection to the plan,即境活用,名师一线讲坛,3. forbid vt.(forbade，forbidden)禁止，不准forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid that.禁止(从句中常用should动词原形)forbid sb.sth.禁止某人某事forbid sb.from doing禁止某人做Its forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的Forbidden City紫禁城,名师一线讲坛,3完成句子(1)The new law _ (禁止在办公室内抽烟)(2)Their father _ (禁止他们去)(3)I forbid that _ (你进入房间)答案：(1)forbids smoking in offices(2)forbade them to go (3)you (should) enter the room,即境活用,名师一线讲坛,4. owe v欠(账、钱、人情等)；应该向付出；应该把归功于(1)owe.to.欠；把归功于，应感激owe.to.for.因欠owe sb.sth.(owe sth.to sb.)欠某人某物(2)owing adj.欠的；未付的owing to.因为，由于,名师一线讲坛,4完成句子(1)He _(欠他朋友50英镑)(2)_(由于下雨)，the match was cancelled.(3)我把成功归功于你无私的帮助。(汉泽英)_,即境活用,名师一线讲坛,答案：(1)owes 50 to his friend(2)Owing to the rain(3)I owe my success to your selfless help.,名师一线讲坛,5. bother vt.& vi.打扰；操心n烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother about/with sth.为某事烦恼bother to do/doing操心做某事It bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是,名师一线讲坛,bother，disturb，trouble，annoy这组词都表示“使人不得安宁”或“心烦意乱”。(1)bother指干扰别人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁，可能是故意的，含有使人讨厌的意味。(2)disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比bother弱。,比较网站,名师一线讲坛,(3)trouble常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便，也常用于礼貌的请求。(4)annoy 通常指重复性的行为使(别人)生气，常用被动，表示为某事烦恼、生气。,名师一线讲坛,5完成句子(1)I dont want to _ _(因为我的问题而担心)(2)_(什么事令你忧虑不安) youmoney problems?(3)These flies _ (一直在烦恼我),即境活用,名师一线讲坛,(4)_(他深感不安)at the news.答案：(1)bother you with my problems(2)Whats troubling(3)are annoying me(4)He felt much disturbed,名师一线讲坛,6. resist vt.抵抗；忍住(多与cannot，couldnt连用)(1)be hard/impossible to resist难以拒绝resist sb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物cant/couldnt resist doing sth.禁不住干某事resist doing sth.抵制干某事(2)resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的be resistant to对有抵抗力(3)resistance n抗拒，反对,名师一线讲坛,6完成句子(1)He is in good health_ _ (他能抵抗疾病)(2)There has been _ (很多的抵制意见) this new law.(3)我忍不住看了一眼她的日记。(汉译英)_,即境活用,名师一线讲坛,答案：(1)he is able to resist diseases(2)a lot of resistance (3)I couldnt resist having a look at her diary.,名师一线讲坛,7. pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清pay sth.off全部偿还；偿清(债务)pay sb.for sth.pay sth.to sb. for sth.付钱给某人作为的费用pay for sth.为某事吃苦头或受惩罚pay back还钱；报复pay a price for.为所得付出代价,名师一线讲坛,7.完成句子(1)They took a hell of a risk _ _ (但事情成功了)(2)Can you lend me 10 and _ _ (我星期五就还你)?(3)Ill make her _ (因破坏我的机会吃苦头)!答案：(1)but it paid off(2)Ill pay you back on Friday(3)pay for ruining my chances,即境活用,名师一线讲坛,8. be bound to do sth.一定做某事；有责任或义务做某事be bound up in sth.忙于某事；热衷于某事物be bound up with sth.与某事物关系密切be bound for.去；准备去,名师一线讲坛,8完成句子(1)Youve done so much work that _(你一定能考及格)(2)_ (我觉得有必要跟你说) that youre drinking too much!(3)We _ (打算回家),即境活用,名师一线讲坛,答案：(1)youre bound to pass the exam(2)I feel bound to tell you(3)are bound for home,名师一线讲坛,9. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。此句中的that引导的从句为同位语从句，that仅起连接作用，无意义。(1)常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。,名师一线讲坛,(2)同位语从句常用that引导，也可以由连接代词who，what，whose，which，连接副词how，when，where，why或连词whether来引导。,名师一线讲坛,9完成句子(1)He had no idea _ (她何时会回来)(2)_(老李要在纽约开饭店的想法) surprised his wife.(3)He got a message from Mr.Johnson _ (经理那天下午不能同他会面了),即境活用,名师一线讲坛,答案：(1)when she would come back(2)The thought that Lao Li would open a restaurant in New York(3)that the manager could not meet him that afternoon,名师一线讲坛,10 . cast down沮丧(1)cast v(cast，cast)投，扔，抛，把指向，投射be cast downbe discouraged 使沮丧cast about/around for 到处寻找，试图找到(2)cast away 抛弃，遭遇船难cast aside 抛弃，丢一边cast off 放弃，脱掉,名师一线讲坛,10完成句子(1)Cloning scientists _ _ (沮丧地发现) that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.(2)The fishermen _ (在海上撒网),即境活用,名师一线讲坛,(3)The evening sun _ (在花园里投下长长的影子)答案：(1)were cast down to find(2)cast their nets into the sea(3)cast a long shadow across the garden,专题突破锦囊,阅读中的词义猜测(2)用因果关系解题在上下文中，由从属连词because，since，so等连接。据此，可根据已知的“因”推出未知的“果”。,专题一,突破阅读理解,专题突破锦囊,Excused from recycling (回收利用)because you live in a highrise with a rubbish chute (垃圾道)You wont be for long.Miamis Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and recycle too.,专题突破锦囊,When we say “You wont be for long” the writer means that_.Ayoull soon be living in a cleaner buildingBrubbish chutes will become out of date before longCyou wont wait long before you have to recycle your rubbishDit wont be long before you have to recycle your rubbish,专题突破锦囊,【解析】首先弄懂be excused from意为be freed from duty即“被免于做某事”。居住在高层的人们免于对自家的垃圾分类并进行回收利用，而Mark Shantzis对垃圾道进行了改造，装上了垃圾分装盒，因此，住在高层的人们不久也要对垃圾进行分类回收利用了。由于文中未提到高层住宅卫生状况差以及本装置并未过时，而且在对垃圾的回收利用中，不会有妨碍着哪一家的情况。所以A、B、C皆不对，故答案为D。【答案】D,专题突破锦囊,完成下列阅读理解。(1)(2008年高考四川卷)Please stay on permitted paths.Otherwise you may destroy desert plants.Pack out what you pack in，so you leave no signs of your visit.It is important to keep in mind that you are in a national park where wildlife exists.,技巧演练,专题突破锦囊,What do the underlined words “pack out what you pack in”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?Akeep everything out of campgroundsBtake away everything you bring inCcarry all the necessary foodDlook after your personal belongings答案：B,专题突破锦囊,(2)(2008年高考辽宁卷)Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules (分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein.So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein，or AFGP.,专题突破锦囊,What does “glyco”in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?Asugar BiceCblood Dmolecule答案：A,专题突破锦囊,(3)Each of the guests made a particular fuss over Kelly，the younger one，admiring her dress，her hair and her smile.They said she was a remarkable girl to be carrying coats upstairs at her age.I thought to myself that we adults usually make a big “to do” over the younger one because shes the one who seems more easily hurt.,专题突破锦囊,The underlined expression “make a big to do over”(in Paragraph 4) means_.Ashow much concern aboutBhave a special effect onClist jobs to be done forDdo good things for答案：A,专题突破锦囊,(4)When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently，researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.Eventually，it came on the market in a dark blue and white packageblue because we think of it as safe，and white as calm.,专题突破锦囊,The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the colours_.Aattracted the customers stronglyBhad weak effects on the customersCtricked the customers into shoppingDcaused the customers to lose interest答案：D,专题突破锦囊,主张辩论式议论文的写作技巧1明确提出观点，表明态度2陈述理由以支撑自己的观点。在陈述理由时可用firstly，secondly，thirdly，whats more，besides等过渡词，使句子连贯。3注意论证的逻辑性和严密性。,专题二,写作导与练,专题突破锦囊,阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Melamine (三聚氰胺)has affected not only milk powder，but also the fame of some celebrities.They have appeared in advertisements for the milk companies，which have fallen because of the recent milk crisis in China.,即时训练,专题突破锦囊,The chemical is not allowed in the food industry.It has left more than 53,000 babies ill after they drank tainted (受污染的)milk.进制Four of them died.The loss of young lives caused a flood of anger throughout the whole country and different parties have been under fire，including celebrities.,专题突破锦囊,An online survey asked if celebrity spokespersons should bear responsibility for endorsing (代言) tainted milk products. Some 34 percent answered “yes”，saying that the celebrities “had betrayed the trust of the people”One citizen suggested that celebrities should give out all their endorsement earnings to help the victims.Some celebrities have followed the advice and said sorry to the public，but others seemed less regretful.,专题突破锦囊,【写作内容】1以约30个词概括短文的内容要点。2然后以约120个词就“明星与代言广告商品”这个主题发表看法，并包括以下要点：(1)请你就此现象发表看法，谴责明星们的误导和对公信力的践踏，并说明理由。(2)作为普通消费者，我们应该怎么做？,专题突破锦囊,【写作要求】(1)你可以使用实例或者其他论证方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子。(2)标题自拟。,专题突破锦囊,【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。_,专题突破锦囊,One possible version： Celebrity Spok