2.2013届中考英语专题复习二：形容词、副词考点讲解和训练.doc

2013届中考英语专题复习二：形容词、副词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】 1.形容词的用法; 2.副词的用法; 3.形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法; 4.形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。 【名师点睛】 1.形容词的用法 (1)形容词在句中作定语,表语,宾语补足语。例如： Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.(作定语) Thefishwentbad.(作表语) Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(作宾语补足语) (2)形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou. Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm. (3)用and或or连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting. Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall. (4)the+形容词表示一类人或物 Therichshouldhelpthepoor. 2.副词的用法 (1)副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。 Hestudiesveryhard.(作状语) Lifehereisfullofjoy.(作定语) Whenwillyoubeback?(作表语) 副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类： 1)时间副词 时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如： Heoftencomestoschoollate. Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow? HeisneverbeentoBeijing. 2)地点副词 地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如： Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome. Hewentupstairs. Putdownyournamehere. 3)方式副词 方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的,有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly,它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如： Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly. Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully. Thebirdsareflyinghigh. Herunsveryfast. 4)程度副词 程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如： Herpronunciationisverygood. Shesingsquitewell. Icanhardlyagreewithyou. 5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how,when,where,why等。例如： Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies? Wherewereyouyesterday? Whydidyoudothat? (2)副词在句中的位置 1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如： MrSmithworksveryhard. ShespeaksEnglishwell. 2)频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如： Heusuallygetsupearly. Iveneverheardhimsinging. Sheisseldomill. 3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面,但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如： Itisaratherdifficultjob. Herunsveryfast. Hedidntworkhardenough. 4)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如： Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle. Thestudentstherehavealottimetodotheirownresearchwork. (3)部分常用副词的用法 1)very,much 这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如： Sheisaverynicegirl Imfeelingmuchbetternow. Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如： Idontliketheideamuch. Theydidnottalkmuch. 2)too,either 这两个副词都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如： Shecandance,andIcandance,too. Ihaventreadthebookandmybrotherhasnteither. 3)already,yet already一般用于语肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如： Hehasalreadyleft. Haveyouheardfromhimyet? Hehasntansweredyet. 4)so,neither so和neither都可用于倒装句，但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。 例如： MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI. MybrotherdoesntlikedancingandneitherdoI. 3.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 (1)两个人或事物的比较时(不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物)，用比较 级。 Ourteacheristallerthanweare. Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass. (2)most同形容词连用而不用the,表示极,很,非常,十分。 Itsmostdangeroustobehere. 在这儿太危险。 (3)The+形容词比较级.,the+形容词比较级.表示越.就越.。 Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow. (4)形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级,表示越来越.。 Itsgettinghotterandhotter. (5)主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 Thisboxisasbigasmine. (6)the+形容词表示某种人。 Healwayshelpsthepoor. (7)形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。 Shanghaiiso【实例解析】 1.-Whichis_,thesun,themoonortheearth? -Ofcoursethemoonis. A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest 答案：D。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级的用法。因为是太阳，地球和月亮三者进行比较，选用形容词的最高级，而且最高级之前要加定冠词the。所以选D。 2.Hehasmade_progressthistermthanbefore. A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much 答案B。该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较，所以要用比较级，又因为是修饰不可数名词，只能用less,而不能用fewer。 3.-Whatdeliciouscakes! -Theywouldtaste_withbutter. A.goodB.betterC.badD.worse 答案：B。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级。答话人的意思应该是“如果加上点黄油，这些蛋糕会更好吃。”这里就有一种比较：加黄油和不加黄油。既然是比较，就要用比较级。因为这里讲的是好吃和更好吃，所以C,D要舍去，而选better。 4.Bobneverdoeshishomework_Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes. A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas 答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业”，所以要用副词。又因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“notas+副词原级+as”，所以只能选B。 【中考演练】 一.单项填空 1.Therearemanyyoungtreesonsidesoftheroad. A.everyB.eachC.bothD.all 2.-Itssocoldtoday. -Yes,itsthanitwasyesterday. A.morecoldB.morecolderC.muchcolderD.cold 3.LittleTomhasfriends,soheoftenplaysalone. A.moreB.alittleC.manyD.few 4.Sheisntsoatmathsasyouare. A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best 5.Peterwritesofthethree. A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well 6.Heisenoughtocarrytheheavybox. A.strongerB.muchstrongerC.strongD.thestrongest 7.Iboughtexercise-bookswithmoney. A.afew;afewB.afew;alittle C.alittle;afewD.alittle;alittle 8.Theboxisheavyforthegirlcarry. A.too;toB.to;tooC.so;thatD.no;to 9.Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter.Itsstrongenoughtoskateon. A.longB.highC.thickD.wide 10.WuLinranfasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting. A.soB.muchC.veryD.too 11.Jonelooksso_todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest. A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily 12.Thesmileonmyfathersfaceshowedthathewas_withme. A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD.sorry 13.-Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis? -Certainly,wecanbuy_onethanthis,but_this. A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodas C.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;goodas 14.-Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap! -The_thebetter.Imshortofmoney,yousee. A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive 15.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitas_aspossible. A.oftenB.longC.hardD.soon 16.Paulhas_friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely. A.manyB.someC.fewD.more 17.Englishpeople_useMr.Beforeamansfirstname. A.neverB.usuallyC.oftenD.sometimes 18.-OnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay. -Right.Thegovernmentspoke_that. A.highlyforB.highof C.wellofD.highlyof 19.-Rememberthis,children._carefulyouare,_mistakesyouwillmake. -Weknow,MissGao. A.Themore;themoreB.Thefewer;themore C.Themore;thefewerD.Theless;theless 20.Ihave_todotoday. A.anythingimportantB.somethingimportant C.importantnothingD.importantsomething 二.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday._(Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit. 2.Mobilephonesare_(wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina. 3.Heputonhiscoatandwentout_(quick). 4.Sheis_(good)thanLiPingatswimming. 5.AlotChinesepeopleare_(pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarinNBA. 6.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold_(snow)night. 7.Allieaskedme_(polite)toputthethingsaway. 8.Itssnowinghard.Youmustdrive_(careful). 9.Theearthweliveonis_(big)thanthemoon. 10.Hainanisaverylargeisland.Itsthesecond_(large)islandinChina. 三.用适当的形容词或副词填空(首字母已给出) 1.Alargenumberofmouthsmustbefedinthoselessd_countries. 2.ThateveningBeethovenplayedthemusic