名词、冠词教案范文

名词、冠词教案范文 名词用法 一、名词的数1.不可数名词1）物质名词、抽象名词是不可数名词，不变复数。 注意a.不可数名词表示个体时，需用量词a pieceof advice/furniture/information/news/wood anarticle ofclothing/furniture abar ofchocolate/soap aloaf ofbread fivehead ofcattle b.抽象名词在特定情况下可以具体化。 suess,failure,surprise,help,knowledge,pleasure,etc.练一练1.Many peopleagree that_of Englishis amust ininternational tradetoday.A.a knowledgeB.knowledges C.knowledge D.the knowledge2.这个小女孩是妈妈的帮手。 The littlegirl is a help to hermother.3.这次总统对美国的访问很成功。 The presidents visitto theUSA is a great suess.2)以-ics结尾的表示学科的名词，动词一般用作单数，如mathematics,physics,statistics2.可数名词1)单复相同deer,fish,sheep,works(工厂)，means,species(种类),以及由汉语音译表示度量衡、币值等单位的名词如yuan,jiao,fen,mu2)表示“某国人”的名词复数形式a.直接加s.RussianRussians,GermanGermans,AmericanAmericans b.以man和woman结尾的复合名词变man为men，EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchwomanFrenchwomen c.单复相同:Swiss(瑞士人),Chinese,Japanese3)复合名词的复数形式:a.以可数名词+介词短语构成的复合名词，在名词后面加-s:daughter(s)-in-law,looker(s)-on旁观者,passer(s)-by过路人b.以动词或过去分词+副词构成的复合名词,词尾加s:grown-up(s)，breakdowns(故障)c.以可数名词结尾的复合名词，直接加-s,store-keepers,boy-friends,tooth-brushes.4)一些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示不同类别例如silks(各种丝绸),teas（各种茶叶）5)有些名词的复数形式表示特别的意义1Customs海关drinks饮料，sands沙滩,manners礼貌，spirits情绪练一练1.Two_and three_attended themeeting.A.Englishmans;Germen B.Englishmen;Germen C.Englishmen;Germans D.Englishmans;Germans2.He founda lotof_were_.A.passers-by;grown-ups B.passer-bys;growns-up C.passer-bys;grown-ups D.passers-by;growns-up3.This is an oldphoto of my aunts whenshe had_,and nowshe has_.A.short hair;grey hairsB.short hairs;grey hairC.short hair;grey hairD.short hairs;grey hairs 二、专有名词是个人、国家、地方、组织、机构等所有专有的名称。 例Asia,China. 三、所有格1.一般有生命的所有格用s表示。 s所有格的特殊表示形式有1)用于表示时间、距离、价格、重量等的名词后，如todays newspaper,five minuteswalk/drive,five poundsweight,2)用于表示国家、世界、城市等地方的名词后。 如the earths pla,the words population,Chinas industry,New Yorks parks2.表示无生命的所有关系，用of+名词Eg:the windowof theroom,the gateof theschool3.双重所有格在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词、或指示代词时，常用of+名词s的形式表示所有关系。 Of后面的名词一般都表示人，不能表示物。 公式为a,an,this,that+名词+of+名词性物主代词例如that bookof Toms,two friendsofmyfathers4.在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如the barbers理发店。 5.如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，则表示分别有；只有一个s，则表示两人共有。 如Johns andMarys room（两间）John andMarys room（一间） 四、名词作定语用单数形式，但是man和woman作为性别标志修饰的名词，两者都变复数例如man servant-men servants,woman doctor-women doctors练一练1.He droppedthe_and brokeit.A.cup ofcoffee B.coffees cupC.cup forcoffee D.coffee cup2.She is the onlyone amongthe_writers who_stories forchildren.A.woman;writes B.women;write C.women;writes D.woman;write2冠词基本用法一.不定冠词a,an的用法1.a,an与可数名词单数连用，表示某类事物中的任何一个，表示泛指A horseis adomestic animal.马是家畜。 This isa tiger,not awolf.这是虎不是狼。 2.用于可数名词前，指某个人或事物，但不具体说明何人、何物=a certainI metan oldwoman in the street.A man is looking for me.3.an,a+可数名词单数，与one同源，表示“一”。 We willbe backin a day ortwo.It isa footlong,an inchthick.We haveexaminations twicea year.4.a,an+具体化了的抽象名词，表示、人或事。 (help，suess,failure,pleasure,pity,surprise)1)-Will youfetch mesome water?-With pleasure.2)Itsapleasure tohelp others.3)(He offersme muchhelp.)-He isa greathelptome.4)The meetingisagreatsuess.5)A knowledgeof Englishisamust ininternational trade.5.a,an=the same之后加表示尺寸，年龄的名词。 They arenearly anage.(the sameage)The doorsare ofa size.(the samesize)6.不定冠词位置不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。 但是注意1)位于下列形容词之后such，what，many，half，I havenever seensuch ananimal.Many amanisfit for the job.2)当名词前的形容词被副词as,so,too,how,however,enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后It isas pleasantadayas I have everspent.so shorta time，too longa distance.3)quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。 但当rather，quite前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。 如quite alot,rather difficulta question/rather adifficult question 二、定冠词the的用法1.上文提到过的人或事（+单、复数名词）He boughta house.他买了幢房子。 3Ive beento thehouse.我去过那幢房子。 2.特指双方都明白的人或物Take themedicine.把药吃了。 3.指世上独一物二的事物the sun,the sky,the moon,the world.the earth,the middle,the right,the leftThe sunrises in the east.4.用在形容词比较级，最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面The dictionaryis thebetter of the two.This is the mostinteresting novelIhaveever read.Thatsthevery thingIve beenlookingfor.那正是我要找的东西。 5.the+单数名词,表示一类人或事物，如the dollar美元Who inventedthe telephone?The pandaeats bamboo.6.the+普通名词构成的专有名词the Peoples Republicof China中华人民共和国the UnitedStates美国the CommunistParty7.the+形容词或分词连用，表示一类人(谓语动词用复数)，表物可指一个the rich富人;the living生者The youngshould respectthe old.8.the+逢“十”的复数前,表年代in thefifties9.用在表示乐器的名词之前She playsthe piano.她会弹钢琴。 10.the+江，河，湖，海，山脉，海峡the RedSea,the IndianOcean,the Alps11.the+序数词,但表示“再，又一”时用aan+n.Where doyou live?I liveon thesecond floor.你住在哪？我住在二层。 He isthe firstto e.Can youread ita second time?12.the+复数名词，指整个群体，或the+姓氏的复数名词，表示一家人They arethe teachers of this school.(指全体教师)They areteachersofthisschool.(指部分教师)the Chinese指整个中华民族the Greens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)13.定冠词位置定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all,both，double，half，twice，three times等词之后，名词之前。 All thestudents inthe classwent out.班里的所有学生都出去。 4The novelcost mehalf themoney Imade in a month.We cant paydouble theamount.我们不能付双倍的数目。 三、不用冠词（零冠词）1.物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词；Dense watersinks andless densewater ispushed tothe surface.He likesmusic.2.泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；They areteachers,not students.Apples,pears andgrapes belongto fruit.3.在一日三餐，学科，季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；但若有修饰成分可加a或the Wego toschool fromMonday toFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。 When doyou havedinner?We hada richdinner yesterday.The winterofxxwas special.4.当可数名词抽象化了，不加冠词by bus，by train，by plane,by shipbe inprisonschool goto college,be attable,in class,in placeof,in office5.在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词在句中作表语，补语，同位语时不加冠词；He wasmade presidentforthesecond time.Mr.Pattis,head ofthe department,discovered Mr,Kings secret.The guardstook theAmerican toGeneral Lee.士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。 6.球类运动和棋类运动的名称前，不加冠词。 如play chess,play volleyball7.单数名词，相对应使用时shoulder toshoulder，face toface,year byyear,from westto east 四、冠词与形容词+名词结构如两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西，如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物。 He raisesa blackand awhite cats.他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。 The blackand thewhite catsare hers.这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。 He raisesa blackand whitecat.他养了一只花猫。 练习1.They arelearning toplay_piano.A.the B.a C.D.an2.In_front ofour house,there isa theatre.And Ienjoyed sittingin5_front ofthe theatrewatching closely.A the,the B.,the C.,D.the,3.Its easierto writeplays for_television thanfor_radio.A.the,the B.,C.the,D.,the4._English languageis widelyused.A.An B.C.The D.A5.He likesMary_,but sheis veryproud.A.in away B.intheway C.inasmall wayD.in way6.-Have youhad_supper?-Yes.I had_good supper.A.a,a B.the,the C.,a D.a,7.Towards_evening,_cold rainbegan tofall.A.the,a B.,a C.a,the D.the,8.Youd bettertry_secondtimeif youfail for_first time.A.the,the B.a,a C.a,the D.the,a9.October1is_National Dayof_Peoples Republicof China.A.,the B.a,C.the,D.,the10._British peoplealways talkabout_weather.A.The,the B.,C.,the Dthe,.11.It is_great pleasureto goto_cinema aftera weeks hardwork.A.a,the B.the,a C.a,a D.the,the12.As isknown toall,_tiger isin_danger ofdying out.A.the,B.a,C.the,the D.a,a13.Driver wholisten tomusic on_road arelikely tohave_aidents,a sciencemagazine saidrecently.A.a,the B.the,C.,D.,the14.-Hey,Mr.Smith,you arewanted on_phone.-Who iscalling?-_Mr.Green.I dont knowwho heis.A.,A B.the,C.the,A D.,15.-I hearthat asmany as309people werekilled inthe bigfire-yes,_news cameas_shock tous.A.a,a B.the,a,C.,a D.,16.All thesechanges willlead to_stronger andpowerful China,_country thatcan surpriseand enrichour pla.A.a,a,B.a,the C.the,a D.the,the17.It issaid thatdictionaries on_popular scienceare in_short supply.A.the,a B.,C.,the D.the,the618.Sit onthe edgeof_bed_minute beforeputting yourfeet onthe floor.A.,a B.the,the C.the,a D.,the19.As weall know,the packageis charged_,and eggs_.A.by weight,by dozenB.by theweight,by thedozen C.by theweight,by dozenD.by weight,by thedozen20.We stoodat thetop ofthe mountain_east ofthe city,watching_burning sunrising.A.,a B.the,a C.the,the D.,the21.Most ofpeople believethat_family lifeisthebasis of_society.A.the,the B.a,the C.,the D.,22.Teaching_child tocook willimprove manyoftheskills thathe or