江西省南昌市湾里区第一中学高中英语 unit 4 astronomy Grammar课件 新人教版必修3.ppt

unit4 discoveringusefulstructures nounclausesasthesubject 4 tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem whatdoestheunderlinedpartserveasineachsentence 3 smokingisbadforyou 2 youareastudent 5 howdoyoudo isagreeting 6 itiscertainthatweshallbelate subject 1 beijingisourcapital readthesentencesfromthetextandpayattentiontotheunderlinedparts 1 whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4 5and3 8billionyearsago 2 itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot 3 whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown waterbegantoappearonitssurface 4 whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresence 5 whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句 其功同名词一样 为了避免头重脚轻 常用it作形式主语 而把真正主语放在句子末尾 howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious itisobviousthatheisthebeststudentintheclass 主语从句 引导主语从句的关联词有三类 1 从属连词thatthattheyweretruesisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem 2 从属连词whetherwhetherhe llcomehereisn tclear 3 连接代词who whom whose what which whoever whatever whichever 连接副词where when how whywhatshedidisnotyetknown howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone whoevercomesiswelcome hebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall whothewatchbelongstoisunknown how 主语从句用陈述语序 关联词位于句首 不能省略 thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall 1 在主语从句中 谓语动词一般用单数 whateverhesaysisofnoimportance whoeversaysthisiswrong 但谓语动词用单数还是复数 不可一概而论 而要视句子的意义而定whatineedismoney whatineedarebooks 2 what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分 如主语 宾语 表语 而that则不然 whatyousaidyesterdayisright thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation 3 it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it作形式主语代替主语从句 主要是为了平衡句子结构 主语从句的连接词没有变化 而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调 无论强调的是什么成分 都可用连词that 被强调部分指人是也可用who whom itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident itisamysterythathisdeathremained whether引导主语从句时 常置于句首 此时whether不能用if代替 也有后移的用法 此时whether可以用if代替 whethertheywillcomeisnotyetknown itisnotyetknownwhether iftheywillgothere 4 whether与if whether和if的区别还有 1 引导表语从句用whetherthequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit 2 whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语i mnotinterestedinwhetherthey llgoornot itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney 3 whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用ididn tknowwhethertolaughortocry shehasn tdecidedwhethertogoornot 用it作形式主语的结构 1 itis 名词 从句itisafactthat 事实是 itisanhonorthat 非常荣幸itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识 2 itis 形容词 从句itisnaturalthat 很自然 itisstrangethat 奇怪的是 3 itis 不及物动词 从句itseemsthat 似乎 ithappenedthat 碰巧 itappearsthat 似乎 4 it 过去分词 从句itisreportedthat 据报道 ithasbeenprovedthat 已证实 itissaidthat 据说 2013北京 makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter a thatb whatc whod which 解析 考查名词性从句 此题题干部分is为系动词 thecreativeimaginationofthewriter为表语 故is之前为主语从句 从句中缺少主语指事物 故填what 意为 使得这本书如此不同寻常的是作者富于创造的想象力 真题解析 itdoesn tmatter youturnrightorleftatthecrossing bothroadsleadtothepark 2012天津 a whetherb howc ifd when答案 a 解析 考查whether引导主语从句 it作形式主语 引导主语从句时 只能用whether 不能用if itsuddenlyoccurredtohim hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice 2012江西 a whetherb wherec whichd that答案 d解析 此句是occurtosb 表示 想到 想起 的典型句式 that这里是做引导主语从句的连接词 asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided andyouarefreetochoose suitsyoubest 2012陕西 a whateverbwhicheverc wheneverd wherever答案 b解析 考查名词性从句 所填词引导的从句做动词choose的宾语 引导词在从句中做主语 选b 其余选项与句意不符 itisstillunderdiscussion theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot 2011重庆 a whetherb whenc whichd where解析 根据句意 旧车站是否被一个现代化旅馆代替还在讨论之中 后面出现了ornot 故选whether a barbarajonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness 2011北京 a whichb whatc thatd whom解析 what引导的是主语从句 在从句中充当offers的宾语 句意为 芭芭拉琼斯为她的粉丝所提供的是诚实和快乐 b beforeaproblemcanbesolved itmustbeobvious theproblemitselfis 2011湖南 a whatb thatc whichd why解析 分析句子结构可知 本句为before引导的时间状语从句 在从句中it为形式主语 真正的主语为 theproblemitselfis 在此主语从句中又缺少表语 即用what引导 a somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers 2010北京 a whetherb whatc thatd how解析 从句中缺宾语 只能用what来引导 c项中的that引导主语从句不做成分 b howaboutcampingthisweekend justforachange ok youwant 2010浙江 a whicheverb howeverc whateverd whoever解析 句意 这个周末野营怎么样 来点新鲜的 好啊 按你的意思吧 根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点 c itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit 2010浙江 a thatb whatc howd whether解析 根据句意 尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物 但是 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定 sideeffect意思是 副作用 还原主语从句中的主干是themedicinewillbringabout sideeffect 故选择what 形容词 什么样的 起修饰作用 b 高考链接 itisobvioustothestudents theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture 2009天津 a asb whichc whetherd that2 parentssayanddohasalife longeffectontheirchildren 2007陕西 a thatb whichc whatd as3 itisnoneofyourbusiness otherpeoplethinkaboutyou believeyourself 2007福建 a howb whatc whichd when4 mattersmostinlearningenglishisenoughpractice 2007全国卷ii a whatb whyc whered which d c b a 1 youdon tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness a whatb whoc thatd whether2 hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent a whatb thatc whichd whether3 onmywayhomeinthestreet isawalady ithoughtwasyouraunt a whob whatc whichd whom4 theforeignministersaid isourhopethatthetwosideswillworkto wardspeace a thisb thatc thered it5 wecannotexplain quiteanumberofinsects birdsandotheranimalsaredyingout a thatb asc whyd when choosethebestanswers c a a d c 6 does matterifhecan tfinishthejobontime a thisb thatc hed it7 thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather a wheneverb ifc whetherd that8 beatxiaowangblackandblueisnotknown a whomb whoeverc whod what9 wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave a what whatb what thatc that thatd that what d c c a 10 makesmistakesmustcorrectthem a whatb thatc whoeverd whatever11 itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggrey a whileb thatc ifd for12 whenandwhyhecamehere yet a isnotknownb arenotknownc hasnotknownd havenotknown13 isnoreasonfordismissingher a becauseshewasafewminuteslateb