2四级翻译讲解及强化练习.doc

四级翻译强化练习翻译的技巧和方法有很多，但是只有在构建l 良好的句子结构的基础上，使用适当的技巧和方法才能起到画龙点睛的作用。下面列出了在历年真题中常见的十三个重点句型，例句及其译文。1.It is + adj. +thatIt is well-known that personal relations play an important role in our life.2. It is + adj. +(for sb.)+ to do sth.It is necessary for you to complete all the work by Friday.3. 祈使句+and/orWork hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination.Hurry up, or you will miss the train.4. as +many/much +n. + asIt is said that visitors spend half as much money in a day in Leeds as in London.据说，游客每天在利玆的花销仅为在伦敦的一半。5倍数词+as+adj.+asHis house is two twice as big as mine,The reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago.6. 倍数词+more +n,/adj. +thanSmoking kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.每年死于吸烟的人比死于车祸的人多七倍。7Not as/soasThe environmental problems are not as serious as they suggested in their report.8. no more than和一样不She is no more fit to be a manager than that man.她固然不宜当经理，那个男人也一样。9Nothing is morethanNothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。10Might/may as wellIt is no good waiting here, so we might as well walk home.11. tootoIt is not too sensible of them to settle in an area where earthquakes frequently occur.12.only to find/seeHe hurried to the airport , only to find his friends flight had taken off.13. There is no doubt thatThere is no doubt that air pollution can be avoided if we take every possibe measure.14. rather thanRather than pursue money to achieve happiness, we should focus on the improvement of ourselves.我们应该集中精力改善自我，而不是追求金钱的享乐。15. it occurred to sb. thatIt had never occurred to her she would become a princess someday.16. notbut To our disappointment, the plan caused not development but destruction.17.takefor granted thatIt has been taken for granted women should take on all the housework.18. it is said thatIt is said that seven or eight officials got involved in the scandal.Seven or eight officials are said to have got involved in the scandal.19. when it comes toWhen it comes to physics, I know nothing.20. as far as sb.+ is concerned, .As far as I am concerned, most women like to go shopping online.21.not onlybut alsoShakespeare was not only a great playwright剧作家but also a brilliant poet.22.no sooner than.; hardly/scarcelywhen I had hardly opened the door when he rushed in.23. the more the moreThe faster a countrys economy develops, the slower its population grows.I. 形容词、副词比较级、最高级1. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _ (一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London. “half as much money”2. Since my childhood I have found that _ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力). Nothing is more attractive/ appealing to me than reading3. The research concluded that the more time children spend watching television, _ (他们的学习成绩就越差)。the poorer they perform academically4. The more preparation you do now, _ (你就越不会紧张) before the exam. the less nervous you will get II. 虚拟语气历年真题中涉及到虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：(1)(should)+动词原形的情形;(2)if或but for等引导的条件句;(3)wish, if only, would rather, It is(high)time that的用法。1. He wears a pair of sunglasses_（惟恐被别人认出来）. for fear that he should be recognized2. The manager would rather his daughter_(不在一个办公室内工作). did not work in the same office3. I would _(不会诉诸法律) a court of law if I hadnt been so desperated. have never resorted to 4. Some women _(本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sale of the family.could have made a good salary.5. It was proposed that _(旅行推迟). the trip (should ) be put off6. The doctor advised that _ (她应该节食) in order not to put on weight. She (should) go on a diet 7. If it hadnt for your help, we _(不可能按时完成任务).couldnt have finished the task in time8. I didnt expect so heavy traffic, otherwise _(我就会早点动身). I would have set off / departed earlier9. _ (要不是计算机的出现)， our society wouldnt have developed in this way. But for the emergence of computer10. I suggested he _（使自己适应）his new conditions.should adapt himself toIII. 非谓语动词 （分词，动名词，不定式）一分词1. All flights_ (因暴风雪而取消), we decided to take the train.having been canceled because of the snowstorm2. Young people are the most frequent travellers, with nearly half of thos aged between 18 and 20 _(平均每年外出旅行3次).Taking an average of 3 trips a year 3. _(屈服于金钱的诱惑)， he sold out the new design of the company to their opponent. Yielding to / Giving in to the temptation of money4. _(理完发之后)，Professor Simith went straight to the laboratory to proceed with his experiment. After having his hair cut 5. _(从他的口音判断)，he must be a northerner.Judging from his accent 6. When I arrived home, I found _ (房子被破门而入了). the house broken into 7. Jack was caught _(考试作弊). cheating in the exam8. _(把所有的因素考虑进去)， his plan is the most practicable. All things taken into consideration/ account 9. The little girl went home, _(在母亲的陪同下).Accompanied by her mother10. All flights_ (因暴风雪而取消), we decided to take the train.having been canceled because of the snowstorm二动名词 & 不定式1. I have no objection_（再听听你的故事）.to hearing your story again2. Most of the students _(难以进入) the computers in the library. have difficulty getting access to 3. He applied for a job, only _(结果被拒绝).to be turned down4. _(过分担心是没用的) about a single failure. It is no use worrying excessively 5. Smith kept thinking hard but failed _(提出一个可行的计划) . to come up with / put forward a practical/workable planIV. 句型1. _ (就经济发展而言), China had made outstanding achievement in the past twenty years.As far as the economic development is concerned2.There is nothing worth watching on television, so we _(倒不如去看电影).might as well go to see a film3.That was so serious a matter that I _(除了叫警察别无选择). had no choice but to call in the police4.He has done so much for the poor in his community that _ (再怎么赞扬他都不过分). you cant praise him enough/ too much 5.John cannot afford to go to the university, _(更不用说出国了). not to mention/let alone going abroadmuch less could he go abroad6. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone _(打扰我) that evening. had interrupted me7. The writer_ (如此专心致志地写作) that he forgot to tap the ashes from his cigar.was so absorbed in his writing8. You_ (无论多么小心都不为过) when you drive a car. cannot be too careful 9. The room is in a terrible mess; it _（肯定没打扫过）.cant have been cleaned10. _(很有可能) he has heard of the news. Chances are that 11. I _ (情不自禁想起) his parents at the sight of the picture.cant help thinking of 12. _ (十有八九), she gives the right answer. Nine times out of ten V. 状语从句1. We agree to accept your order _(在你预先付款的条件下). on condition that you pay in advance2. The destruction of coral (珊瑚)is inevitable due to global warming, _(无论现在采取什么措施).No matter what actions are taken now3. Any kind of exercise will do well to the heart, _ (只要他能加速心跳). provided that it quikens heartbeat4. By the time you get to New York, I_(已经动身去) London.will have left for5. _(不管他喝了多少酒) it had no noticeable effect on him.However much he drank6. We can go to the seven oclock performance or the eight- _ (哪个更适合你). Whichever suits you VI. 定语从句、名词性从句1. Living in the desert has many problems, of which _(缺水并非是唯一的问题)The lack of water is not the only one2. People who live in the areas _(地震多发区)should build houses that are resistant to ground movement.Where earthquakes are a common occurrence3. How can you talk to her like that? She is the one _ (把你养大) and helped you finish school. who brought you up 4. Two men, _ (这两个人以前我都没见过), came into my office. Neither of whom I had ever seen 5. He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brothers signature on a check, _ (但是却被媒体暴了光). which was exposed by the media6. Being good friends, we should tell each other_(我们的烦心事) and try to find out solutions. what is disturbing / troubling/bothering us7. The worlds greatest sporting event, the Olypic Games, upholds the amateur(业余爱好者) ideal that _ (重要的不是输赢,而是参与). what matters is not winning but participatingVII. 倒装句倒装分完全倒装与部分倒装两种类型，重点是部分倒装，即只有系动词、助动词和情态动词参与的倒装。常见的倒装结构可以分为四大类：(1)否定倒装。指否定副词或否定的副词性结构hardly, seldom, scarcely, never, little, nowhere, not once, under no circumstances, in no way, no soonerthan，not onlybut also用于句首时所导致的倒装。Seldom did I go to theater, but now it is different.以前我很少去剧院，但是现在不同了。(2)虚拟倒装。指在if引导的虚拟条件句中，将if省略，把should, had, were提至主语前，形成倒装。Were I you, Ill never promise to do that.如果我是你，绝对不会答应那么做的。(3)强调倒装。为突出强调某一成分而将它提至句首时，实行倒装，如：A.so 倒装句So diligently does he work that he often forgets to eat and sleep.他工作如此勤奋以至于经常废寝忘食。B.以某些表示肯定的副词开头作状语：only, often, thenThen did I throw myself into the chair, exhausted.然后我一屁股坐在椅子上，累死了。Only by working hard can we achieve what we want.我们只有通过努力工作才能获得想要的东西。(4)在“so+形容词that分句”结构中，如将“so+形容词”置于句首以示强调时，其后的系动词be则要移到主语前面，形成主谓的完全倒装。So moved was she that she could not say a word.她感动得说不出话来。1. Not only _(他向我收费过高)，but he didnt do a good repair job either.Not only did he charge me too much”或者“Not only did he overcharge me”2. _(她看见报纸上的广告) when she booked a package tour with Bright Travel Service.Scarcely / Hardly had she read the advertisement on newspaper3. Under no circumstances _ (他会反对) her prpposal that they take a vacation to Australia together.Will he object to 4. Only by shouting at the top of his voice _(他才能让别人听见他的声音). could he make himself heard 5. Scarcely _(她刚要睡着) when a knock at the door awakened her. had she fallen asleep6. No sooner _(内战爆发) than some people fled their native villages. had the civil war broken out 7. Not until the train started to move _ (我才停止哭泣).did I stop cryingVIII 短语所翻译的部分主要考查对习惯用法的掌握。1. _(我们没有人料到主席会出现) at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. None of us expected the chairman to turn up/ show up2. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children. play indispensable roles3. When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor _ ( 把此归因于她对未来的信念 ). attributed it to her firm belief in the future4. At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard and _ ( 不要让父母失望 ). not to let their parents down5. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to _ (适应不同文化中的生活). adapt to lives in different cultures/adapt (oneself) to living in different cultures6. Professor Smiths devotion to teaching has _(留下深刻印象) all his students. has made a deep impression on7. We must _( 扫除最大障碍)and whether we can succeed or not dependents on the joint efforts of our two parties.clear away the biggest obstacle/ barriers8. Once