苏东阳语法专讲之代词.doc

三相学习法 轻松考名校代词一、热点命题：1. 人称代词主格、宾格及其用法2. 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词形式与用法差异3. 指示代词用法与差异4. 不定代词的一般用法及其差异二、难点聚集：1. its与its之间的辨析第三人称单数it的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的形式是一样的，均为its；此处容易将其形容词性物主代词误当作its（可能受所有格的影响），但是事实上，在英语当中its这种形式其实上已经不是一个词的含义，可以当其为it is的缩写（两个词）。此外，第三人称单数he的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词形式也一样，均为his。2.some与any的用法Some表示“一些”，既可以作形容词，也可以作代词。常修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。例如：some boys some water。Some常常用于肯定句中。Any表示“任何一些”，可以修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，常用语疑问句和否定句。注意：在表示建议、反问、请求的疑问句中，或希望得到肯定回答时，多用some。3.few, a few, little, a little的辨析欢迎光临 购买苏老师正版图书2. 指示代词this /those与that/those的辨析1）This /those一般是指在时间或者空间上较近的人或事物；that/those则指较远的人或事物。例如：This is a big one and that is a small one.（相对于说话人所处的空间位置的差异） These days we are busy and those days we had lot of free time.（相对于时间的差异）例如：this is Fred , is that Steven?2. every 与each 的辨析4. Either/neither/both/all/none辨析5. nothing/none辨析6. one与it的辨析7. it 在句中的其他特殊功能8. one/another/the other/the others/others辨析以上几个词表示：整体当中个体与个体（部分）的相对关系。如果整体为一，则用one表示即可；如果整体为二，其中任意一个为one（泛指）,同时剩余的那一个为the other（特指）；如果整体数量超过二同时其上限为具体数目时，其中任意一个用one（泛指），其余剩下的任意一个用another（泛指），其余剩下的所有用the others（特指）；如果整体数目超过二同时其上限为不确定数目时，其中任意一个还是用one（泛指），其余剩下的任意一个用another（泛指）,其余剩下的所有用others（泛指）-one should help others（我们应该帮助他人，整个社会是个不定的群体，所以他人也是不定的群体）名师评题：欢迎光临 购买苏老师正版图书1. Zhang Yining is _ favorite table tennis player. A. IB. meC. myD. mine解题策略：根据人称代词与物主代词的用法解题本题考查的是形容词性物主代词的用法，相当于一个形容词作定语。A、B均是人称代词，D是名词性物主代词，所以本题选择C。2. The doctors and nurse are doing there best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _. A. theyB. themC. themselvesD. theirs解题策略：根据反身代词的基本用法解题本题考查的是反身代词的用法，在本句中，表示动作的承受者是主语they本身，即they think more of others than they think of themselves, think of 为考虑的含义，所以本题应该选择C。3. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are the world-famous sports stars. _ have set a good example for us. A. AllB. NeitherC. BothD. None解题策略：根据不定代词的用法解题本题考查的是不定代词的用法。根据题意得知，表示的是两者之间的肯定。A表示的是三者或者三者以上的肯定，B表示的是两者之间的完全否定，D表示的是三者或者三者以上的完全否定，综上，本题应该选择C。4. May I borrow these books? - Certainly. You can borrow _ of the two books, but you cant borrow _. A. either; bothB. either; allC. neither; norD. either; or解题策略：根据不定代词的用法解题根据题意，前面一空需要选择一个表示两者中的任意一个；后面一个空则需要选择一个词来表示两者都，综上所述，本题应该选择A。5. Do you like talking with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone? - _. I enjoy using QQ.A. NeitherB. EitherC. BothD. None解题策略：根据不定代词的用法解题根据题意，横线处应该是对上文所提到的两个事物的否定，所以表示两者否定应该选择A。6. How many more oranges can I have? - You can have one more, _ are for Tom.A. The othersB. AnotherC. OthersD. The other解题策略：根据不定代词的用法解题根据题意，B和D应该排除（因为后面跟的是are），而这里指的是剩余的多个（整体是有范围的），故需特指，答案应该选择A。正误辨析：欢迎光临 购买苏老师正版图书1.误： I, you and he are all good students. 正：You, he and I are all good students. 析：英语中，常把第一人称放在后面，表示对他人的尊重。 2.误：These apples and oranges are for you and we. 正：These apples and oranges are for you and us. 析：在动词和介词后应用宾格人称代词。 You与us构成并列对等关系。3.误：These are her school things. My are in my desk. 正：These are her school things. Mine are in my desk. 析：形容词性物主代词后必须跟名词。而名词性物主代词后不能用名词。 4.误：Mr.Wu will teach our English next term. 正：Mr.Wu will teach us English next term. 析：“教某人某事”teach sb sth，sb作动词teach的宾语,应用宾格us。 小试牛刀：1. - Have you heard of the accident about Lucy and her father? - Accident? No, I havent. Tell me about _.A. itB. herC. himD. them2. When we got to the city centre, _ shops were still open, but most of them were closed.A. theB. someC. manyD. /3. - Do you have any ink? - Yes, I have _ in my bottle.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little4. The teacher told every of the students to bring a big bag with them. A B C D ( )5. Where shall we be in _ ten years?A. otherB. thatC. anotherD. else6. He could write with _ hand.A. everyB. eitherC. anyD. both7. I dont like this hat. Please show me _.A. some otherB. otherC. anotherD. some else8. - Good morning, Mr Brown. Would you please tell me the result of the exam? - OK. You did quite well. Youve made _ mistakes.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little9. - Did your parents go to the film yesterday evening? - No. We _ stayed at home watching TV.A. bothB. allC. eitherD. none10. There are many trees on both sides of the road. (同义句)There are many trees on _ _ of the road.11. Tom likes playing football. Li Lei likes playing football, too. (合并成一句话)_ Tom _ Li Lei _ playing football.12. He isnt the tallest boy in the class, but he is taller than _ boys.A. any of theB. some the otherC. any otherD. some of the other13.选词填空：(he him his hes who it you your this what she that everybody nothing one him her) （五个多余）Jimmy was 12 years old and _ mother is a teacher.Jimmy does not like English because _ thinks _ very difficult, _ made his mother worry about _ a lot.One day, _ friend of his mother told _an English teacher. _ name is Fred and _famous in China. Then, th