定语从句-c-刘璐.doc

9环球雅思学科教师辅导教案学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数： 1学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型 C（专题）星 级(参考)授课日期及时段 教学内容问题导入入 建议用时5分钟！1、回忆什么是定语从句？2、定语从句有哪些常用的关系词？这些关系词分别用在哪些情况？3、定语从句中有哪些常见的关系词容易混淆？他们有哪些区别？4、定语从句还有哪些特殊情况？关系词又应该怎样应用？知识梳理 建议用时15分钟！一、区别关系代词和关系副词 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则 要求用关系副词。例如： 判断改错： （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year. （对） Ill never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one 答案：例1 D，例2 A 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语(状语(adverbial)是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分,它附加在谓语中心语的前面,从情况,时间,处所,方式,条件,对象,肯定,否定,范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。)表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。 填填比比 Is this museum _they visited yesterday? Is this the museum _they visited yesterday? Is this museum _they stayed yesterday? It was the museum_you saw many treasures. It was in the museum_you saw many treasures. *It was in the museum_you dropped in that you saw many treasures.二、 先行词和关系词二合一 1） Whoever spits in public will be punished here. （Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替） 2） The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替） what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever 1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如： What you want has been sent here. 你要的动词都送来了。 Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。 2） who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如： （错）Who breaks the law will be punished. （错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. （对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 王子犯法，与庶民同罪。 （对）Who robbed the bank is not clear. 谁抢了银行还不清楚。 三、区别易混关系代词： that 和 what 当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。例如： I think（that）you will like the stamps. 我想你会喜欢这些邮票的。 What we need is more practice. 我们需要的是更多的实践。 as与that的区别As 引导的定语从句表示它的内容与主句所讲的内容相似，即指同类事物；that 引导定语从句表示的内容与主句相同，即为同一事物。e.g. This is the same pen that I lost yesterday .这正是我昨天丢的钢笔。 This is the same pen as I lost yesterday .这正像我昨天丢的钢笔。例题：1. News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A which B what C that D where 2. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held ? A what B which C that D where 3. There is much chance _ Bill recover from his injury in time for the race . A that B which C until D if 4. Is there any possiblility _ you could pick me up at the airport ? - No problem. A when B that C whether D what 5. Doriss success lies in the fact _ she is cooperative and eager to learn from others. A which B that C when D why四 、活用关系代词（一.）抽象地点名词 Stage, occasion, point, case, activity这类词做先行词如果缺状语 wheree.g. I can think of many cases where drivers know traffic rules but dont follow them. We have reached a point where a change is needed.They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A which B that C / D where（二) 定语从句与地点状语从句 Please put the book 地点状语从句 Please put the book in the place where you can find it easily. In which （三）插入语问题十六）先行词+关系词=what He is no longer what he used to be. He is no longer the man that he used to be （四) 关系代词与人称代词 指示代词的转换。 He has three sons, all of whom are doctors. and all of them are doctors. He failed in the exam, which made his mother angry. and that/ it made his mother angry. 有并列连词 and, but, so 选人称代词，无并列连词选关系代词（五） 定从与what引导的名词性从句的转换 Please tell me everything that/ 空格 you know 宾语 Please tell me 宾从 Please tell me (四) 分隔式定语从句- 找准先行词Days are gone when we could swim in the clever river near our house.There is a man outside the door who wants to see you. (六) 定语从句与强调句It is + 名词 that （which）定从It is + 介词+名词 that 从句 （强调句）e.g. that he was born in which . 定语从句It is the place in which Where he was born It is in the place that he was born. 强调句（7） 其他特殊情况（8） No/never/not-先行词-But-= that-not或who-not：“没有-不-的”eg：There is no dificulty but may be smoothed away.no difficulty that may not be smoothed away. There are some cases, where this role doesnt hold good.（适用) In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.There is no rule but has exceptions.You have got into a situation where you have to depend on yourself.基础演练 建议用时1518分钟！一、填填比比(1).She lived in the house _she used to live. _she used to live in. _she used to drop in. _she used to visit. _windows were broken. the windows_were broken. and _windows were brokken. _the broken windows. A.where B.in whichC.at which D.that E.which F.itsG.with H.of whichI.whose J.不填 K.the one (that) (2)._is known is that he has gone to college. _is known that he has gone to college. _is known, he has gone to college. We all know _he has gone to college. He has gone to college, _made us surprised. He has gone to college and _made us surprised. He has gone to college, _ surprised us. He has gone to college,_I am surprised at. _surprised us most was_he has gone to college.A.It B.As C.WhichD.What E.that(3).He is such a good teacher_we all like. He is such a good teacher_we all like him. He is such a good teacher,_we all know. He is a good teacher,_makes us respect him.A.as B.that C.which(4).He arrived in Beijing in 1984,_he became a manager some years later. He arrived in Beijing in 1984, _was important for him. He arrived in Beijing in 1984, _he was already in his fifties. He arrived in Beijing in 1984, and _he became famous. It was in 1984 _he arrived in Beijing. A.when B.where C.which D.there E.that（5）You are clever,_ is your son. You are clever and _ is your son. (6)John is healthy, _ are his sisters.John is healthy and _ are his sisters.二、选择1( )We will discuss a number of cases _beginners of English fail to use the language preperly.A.which B.as C.why D.where2. ( )He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation_he is likely to lose the control over his car.A.which B.as C.why D.where3.Her sister has beecome a lawyer, _she wanted to be.A.who B.whatC.that D.which4.（ ）Its helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.A. that B. when C. which D. where5. ( ) The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A. that B. which C. where D. what6. ( ) Ill never forget the day I spent in Tibet.A. which B. when C. where D. what7. ( ) You might search on the internet for comments or news stories about this school may interest you.A. where B. / C. that D. what8. ( ) How I regret the hours wasted in the woods and fields, I should have studied.A. where B. what C. which D. when9. ( ) These are the people and places I wrote about in my last novel.A. which B. who C. that D. what10. ( ) I will never forget the days I spent in Beijing.A. which B. what C. when D. where11. ( ) I will never forget the days I studied in Beijing.A. why B. for which C. that D. because12. （ ）This is the most beautiful park I have ever seen.A. which B. that C. whom D. where13.（ ） This is the second book I received today.A. Which B. that C. whom D. what14.（ ） This is all I can do for you. A. that B. what C. which D. who15.（ ）This is the very book I want to share with you.A. what B. which C. that D. where16. ( ) This is the movie we talked about just now. A. which B. that C. / D. whom17. ( ) This is the movie about we talked just now. A. which B. that C. / D. whom18. ( ) This is the reason he was late for school.why B. because C. / D. which19. ( ) This is the reason he gave me the other day.A. why B. for which C. that D. because20. ( ) Tom is such a strange boy no one can understand.A. as B. that C. whom D. which21. ( ) Tom is such a strange boy no one can understand him.A. as B. that C. whom D. which22.( ) I still remember the day I first came to Beijing.A. when B. on which C. that D. which23. ( ) Can you tell me the office he works.A. where B. / C. in which D. which纵观高考：1.【2011上海卷) 】Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as2.【2011山东卷）】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A. they B. where C. what D. that3.【2011福建卷）】She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A. which B. where C. what D. who4.【2011江苏卷）】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which5.【2011安徽卷）】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. which C. where D. while6.【2011浙江卷）】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those7【2011陕西卷）】I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that8.【2011湖南卷)】Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. A. who B. whom C. which D. that9.10浙江The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. A. whomB. which C. themD. those10.10江苏The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which11.10四川After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where12.10全国As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that13.09安徽Many children, parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the villageAtheir Bwhose Cof them Dwith whom14.09辽宁Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 15.09湖南I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A. which B. of which C. that D. whose16.09全国My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 17.08全国The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A.it B.what C.which D.that18.08北京Ill give you my friends home address, you can be reached most evenings.A.whichB.whenC.whomD.where19.08安徽All the neighbors admire this family, the parents are treating their child like a friend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that20.08湖南The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, are beyond our control.A.most of themB.most of whichC.most of whatD.most of that 21.08陕西The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of which22.08四川For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example.A.for whichB.in whichC.of whichD.from which23.08重庆They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or three days.A.whereB.there C.whichD.when24.08浙江Yesterday she sold her car, _ she