大 学 英 语读写译二级教案

大 学 英 语读写译二级教案 Unit1Ways ofLearning(学习方式)I.Background InformationEducation in the WestWestern methodsare generallymore student-centered,expecting students to discoverthings forthemselves ratherthan relyingon theirteachers totell them.Education in the UnitedStates wasgreatly influencedby JohnDewey-an Americanphilosopher andeducator.Deweys philosophyof education,instrumentalism,focused onlearning-by-doing ratherthan rotelearning anddogmatic instruction.Standing on the shouldersof giantsA well-known phrase,frequently employedby inventorsto expressmodesty abouttheir achievements.The suggestionis thatwhile they have been able tosee furtherthan thosewho camebefore them,it isnot because they themselvesare intellectualgiants.Rather it is becausethey havebeenable to buildupon theaumulated discoveriesof theirgreat predecessors.II.Text OrganizationParts Para.Main ideasI1-5An anecdote:the Chinesestaff helpedBenjamin toinsert the key The author?s thoughtsabout differentapproaches to learning in China and the West.The authorgives asuggestion of a morerational approachto fosteringcreativity andbasic skills.II6-13III14III.Words andExpressions attach a)vt.fasten orjoin sth(to sth)【sth(to sth)】attachalabel toeach pieceof luggage每件行李上都加上标签Attached(to thisletter)you willfind.随信附上.b)vt.给予（重要性【sth to sth】Do youattach anyimportance towhat hesaid?Ex.=extension扩展部分在邮寄之前，要确保邮票牢牢地贴在信封上。 （be attachedto）Make surethat thestamp isfirmly attachedto theenvelope beforeyou mailit.附件:attachment assistvt.vi.(fml文)help【(sb.)with sth】【(sb.)in doing sth】【sb.to do sth.】The collegestudent decidedto assistthe boywith hisstudy.1You willbe requiredto assistMrs Smithin preparinga report.你将要协助史密斯夫人准备一份报告.My fatherassisted inbuilding ournew house.我的父亲帮助我们盖新房子。 Ex.aid;help neglecta)vt.give noor notenough careor attention to(sb/sth)neglect ones studies,health忽视自己的学习、健康b)vt.no passivefail orforget to do sth,esp carelessly;leave undone(what oneought to do)【to do/doing】He neglectedto writeand sayThank you.nUneglecting orbeing neglected疏忽Ex.negligence relevantadj connectedwith the subject有关的;切题的【(to sth/sb)】a highlyrelevant argument,point,suggestion,etc密切相关的论据、论点、建议等supply thefacts(directly)relevant to the case提供与该案（直接）有关的事实Ex.irrelevant extremeadjusu attribof thehighest degreeor intensity极端的in extremepain在极度的痛苦中nC usuplthe furthestpossible limit,an extremedegree极端，极端的行为:Love andhate areextremes ofpassion.Collocation:Go(,etc)to extremes走极端In thejungle,they weredriven toextremes in order tosurvive.在丛林中,他们为了生存被迫采取极端行动.facility n(fml)U,singability to learn ordo thingseasily【in/with+n.】Her facilitywith/in languagesis surprising.He playsthe pianowith surprisingfacility.Cf.Latin confer参看,试比较talent,capacity talentn.S(for);Uspecial naturalability orskill capacityn.S(for)ability toproduce,experience,understand orlearn sthcontinual adj(esp derog尤作贬义)going onall thetime withoutstopping,or repeatedly继续不断的;反复发生的continual rain,talking,interruptions不停的雨、谈话、打扰How dowe preventthese continualbreakdowns?我们如何防止这些一再出现的故障?adv.continually He was continuallylate for work.他上班总是迟到.Cf.continual,continuous（see p.16of thBook ConfusableWords）continual一般指多次重复的动作，指中间有间断，但又持续很久，好像没有停止的意味:You needcontinual practice.continuous指中间没有间断，但持续一段时间后可能会停下来a continuousflow oftraffic接连不断的来往车辆continuous rain连绵不断的雨apply a)vi.vt.be relevant(to sb/sth);have aneffect对适用【(to sb/sth)】These rulesdont alwaysapply.2You can?t applythis ruleto every case.=This rulecan?t beapplied toeverycase.b)vi make a formalrequest申请【(to sb)(for sth)】【to do sth.】apply for a job,post,passport,visa,scholarship Ex.application;applicable;applied priorityn.a)Cthing thatis(regarded as)more importantthan others（被视为）优先的事物You mustdecide what your prioritiesare.b)Uhigh or top placeamong variousthings to be done（工作的）重点【giveto sth.】【(over sth)】The searchfor anew vaiook priorityover allother medicalresearch.Ex.政府将改革教育体制列为工作的重点.The Governmentgave(top)priority to reforming theeducational systemevolve vt.vi.(fml文)(cause to)develop naturallyand(usu)gradually（使）逐渐形成，进化【(into(to)/from)】He hasevolved anew theoryafter manyyears ofresearch.Popular musicevolved fromfolk songs.The storyevolves into（发展成）a violenttragedy.Ex.Darwins theoryof evolution达尔文的进化论contrast vt.pare(two peopleor things)so thatdifferences aremade clear对比【A and/with B】contrast hiswork and/with hers把他的作品与她的作品加以比较.vi.show adifference whenpared形成对照【(with sb/sth)】Her actionscontrasted sharplywith herpromises.她的行动与她的诺言有天壤之别.n.a)Uaction ofcontrasting对比;相比【(to/with sb/sth)】【(between Aand B)】In contrastwith/to theirsystem,ours seemsvery old-fashioned.我们的制度与他们的相比,显得过於守旧了b)C,Udifference clearlyseen whenunlike things are pared对照【between】【to】There is a remarkablecontrast betweenthe twobrothers.他们兄弟俩截然不同.worthwhile adjworth doing,worth thetrouble taken值得（花时间和精力）的:Its worthwhilereading thenovel.Or:Reading thenovel is worthwhile.It is worthwhile toconsider the plan.Or:To considertheplanisworthwhile.Cf.worth,worthy worth（有时接动词的-ing形式)giving orlikely to give asatisfactory orrewarding return for(doingsth)值得（做某事）:The bookisworthreading.这本书值得一读.worthyF作表语deserving sthorto do sth应得某事物;值得某事【of sth/being done】【to dosth/to bedone】:The bookis worthyof carefulstudy/being studiedcarefully.superior adjbetter thanaverage;better,stronger,etc than sb/sth else优良的，较好的【(to sb/sth)(in sth.)】Ex.superiority nU;superior n上级;inferior findones wayvi.reach adestination naturally;arrive at3Shanghai isnot aneasy cityto findyour wayaround.上海不是一个容易立足的城市。 Ex.尽管醉了，彼得还是回到了家。 Drunk ashe was,Peter stillfound his way home.Cf.go ones way;make oneswaymake up for repaywith sth.good,pensate forHer husbandbought hera presentto make up forquarreling withher theday before.我现在在努力弥补时间。 I?m making upforlost timenow.not in the leastnot at all I am not in theleast touchedby theMarilyn Monroekind ofbeauty.她看来一点也不关心自己的学习。 She didnt seemin theleast concernedabout herstudy.on oasionnow and then有时，间或Steve spentalmost allhis timedoing hisresearch,but,on oasion,he wouldtake his son tosee afilm.Cf.on theoasion of在.的时候,值此之际:on theoasion ofhis daughter?s wedding在他女儿的婚礼上on ones ownwithout anyone?s help;alone There are jobsyour childcan doon herown.I?d rathernot go to danceon myown.I dowish you?d ewith me.(on the one hand)on the other hand一方面，另一方面（反过来说）On theone hand,we havegood reason to feelpleased withour progress.On the other hand,we mustn?t getplacent.On theone hand her temperwas likelyto causetrouble,but on the otherhand weneeded herexpertise.Ex.他是一个能干的人，但是另一方面，他对人要求太严了。 He is an ableman,but on theotherhand he is toostrict withpeople.work on/at tryhard to achieve or improve(sth.)She needsto workat/on hertyping speed.John提前回来继续写论文.John cameback aheadof timeto continueworking onhis thesisIV.Grammatical Structureswhether it/sb beorE.g.-whether itbe placinga keyin akey slot,drawing ahen ormakingupf ora misdeed(line52-53)be-型虚拟的一种，意为“不管（不论）是还是”，表示让步，其省略结构为be it,be heor等，必须倒装。 如Whether shebe rightor wrong,she willhave myunswerving support.Ex.Every dayhe takesa walkin thepark in the evening,_（不论阴天还是晴天）.assuming(that)E.g.By assumingthat thecontrast Ihave developedis valid,and that(line98-102)表假定（表示真实条件，其从句谓语动词用陈述语气），有时表让步。 如Assuming itrains tomorrow,what shallwe do?4Cf.suppose/supposing that表“如果，假如”。 可用于虚拟语气和陈述语气。 Suppose(that)you hadone million dollars,what wouldyou do?（虚拟语气）Ex._(就算这是真的),you?re stillwrong.V.Complex Sentencesin Text A Learning,Chinese Style1)to position the keyjust so:to positionthekeycarefully to fit into the narrowkey slot2)no parablehurry topromote creativity:notin a hurryas they do topromote creativity3)In retrospect,it becameclear tome thatthis incidentwas indeedkeyand keyin morethan onesense.:Thinking backto thepast incident,I knewclearly that it wasindeed a very importantpoint,even fromdifferent pointsof view.4)L14For amonth in the springWhile从句中有be,且主语与前面一致，主语和be可省略。 -When(water is)pure,water iscolorless liquid.-The storyis toldas if(it were)true.-A tigercannot betamed unless(itis)caught veryyoung.5)L2427The“teacher”would“as if”awaiting a thank you=it seemedthat theyare awaitingathankyou-The youngman answeredthe strangerkindly.It seemedhe wasspeaking toa good friend.The youngman answeredthe strangerkindly asif speakingtoa goodfriend.6)L2730I soonrealized thatthrow/cast/shed lighton使明白，解释-Her biographyto someextent shedsnew lightonthecharacter of a strangeman.VI.Discussion(if timepermits)1.How Ilearn atcollege2.How to bee morecreative?3.Why weshould learnfor alifetime5Unit2Values I.Teaching Plan(6periods)1st-2nd period:Pre-reading;While-reading(text organization;cultural notes)3rd-4th period:While reading(language points;grammatical structures;synonyms);Post-reading;5th6th period:Home-reading;Theme-related languagelearning tasks;Exercises II.Teaching ObjectivesStudents willbe ableto:1.understand themain idea(despite hiswealth,Sam Waltonremains down-home anddevoted to his team)and structureof the text;2.appreciate theuse of indirect description in portraying a person;3.grasp thekey language points andgrammatical structuresin the text;4.conduct aseries ofreading,listening,speaking,and writingactivities related to the theme of the unit.5.III.Pre-reading tasks1.T asksSs thefollowing questionsontherecorded passage(5minutes)-What happenedto Abraham Lincoln oneday?(Working asa shopclerk,he overchargeda customer.Although thesum wasinsignificant,Lincoln walkeda longdistance toreturn themoney.)-How isthe storyrelatedto thethemeof theunit-values?(AbrahamLincolnregarded honestyas animportant value.)2.Ss doCloze Bin after-text exercisestolearnmore aboutthe valuesof Americanmillionaires.(15minutes)3.Rich peopleI know(15minutes)1)Before class,Ss are asked tocollect stories,news reports,pictures,books,or evenvideo clips(if relevantequipment is available forshowing themin class)of richpeople.2)In class,Ss formgroups ofthree tofour toshare what they havecollected.3)Groups discusswhat valuesthese richpeople holddear.4)Speakers forseveral groupsreport theirdiscussion resultsto the class.5)T remandsSs tokeep thesevalues inmind when they studyText A,and seewhether Sam Walton cherishesthem ornot.IV.While-reading tasks1.Text organization(20minutes)1)T asksSs toscan the text tosee ifthere areany naturaldividing linesseparating itinto parts.(The textcan bedivided intothree parts.Between eachpart,there isa blankline.)2)T drawsSs?attentiontoText OrganizationExercise1,guides themthrough thedirections,so that they cangrasp themain functionof eachpart.3)Ss scanthe textagain tounderline allthe namesmentioned andtell whothese personsare.(They are:Jamie Beaulieu,waiter atSam Walton?s birthdayparty JonnieBaker,night managerat the local Wal-Mart RichardHoback,mayor ofBentonville,Arkansas6Gordon Garlington,pastor of thelocalchurch JohnMarshall,local barberJim VonGremp,corporate affairsdirector Ferold F.Arend,retired presidentof Wal-Mart JimHendren,pany lawyerAlso see Text Analysis)4)Ss willnotice thatthetexttransits fromPart IIto PartIII whenthe firstcorporate job-corporate affairsdirector-is mentioned.2.T explainslanguagepointsand givesSs practice(see LanguageStudy).(60minutes)3.Finding synonyms or synonymous phrases for“down-home”(10minutes)1)T askssome Ss to explain the titleof TestA in their ownwords.2)Ss workalone to find outsynonymsor synonymousphrasesfor“down-home”.3)Some Ssreport theirfindings to the class.(Para5carry onlike plainfolds Para6folksy waysPara7friendly,cheerful,a fineneighbor whodoes hisbest to blend in,never flashy,never throwinghis weightaround Para11not afront-page person)4)T remindsSs tovary theirown writingsby synonymsorsynonymousphrases.V.Post-reading tasks1.Using indirect descriptioninportrayingaperson(25minutes)1)Ss pleteText OrganizationExercise2and pareanswers witheach other.2)T makesSs thinkby askingSs this question:How doesthe authorreveal thesecharacter traits?3)T introducesmethods ofindirectdescription and writesthem downontheblackboard:anecdotes,examples,quotes,parison andcontrast,etc.(seeText Analysis)4)Ss workin pairsto findout examplesof thesemethods.5)Some pairsreport theirfindings to theclass.6)T urgesSs toadopt thesemethods whendescribing aperson.2.T guidesSs throughsome after-text exercises.(25minutes)3.T checkson Ss?home reading(Text B).(3minutes)4.Ss doPart IV:Theme-related LanguageLearning Tasks.(1period)5.T asksSstoprepare thenext unit(2minutes)1)do thepre-reading task;2)preview TextA VI.TextAnalysisTo makea characterportrait convincing,an authormust refrainfrom tellingreaders directlywhat theperson inlike.Instead,he/she letsreaders deduce.Of allthe methodsofindirectdescription,theoneused mostfrequently inTextAis quotation.Theauthorquotes not only Sam Walton himself,e.g.“The reasonfor oursuess-is ourpeople and the way they?re treatedand the waytheyfeel abouttheir pany.They believethingsaredifferent here,but theydeserve thecredit”,but alsohis townsfolkand colleagues(as shownin while-reading tasksintheTeaching Plan).The textbegins with an anecdote:how waiterJamie Beaulieuhad anticipateda lavish7mansion atthe Waltons,only tofind fanordinary-looking household.This kindof beginninglures readersto goon.Thereareother anecdotes,like howSamWalton forgothis walletand insistedon fetchingit topay thelocal barber,and howhe lost4straight gamesafter aWal-Mart employeeasked hima questionabout pricing.SamWaltonisafolksy guy,of whicha lot of examplesare given.Examples ofhow generousan employerheisare alsoplentiful.Jamie Beaulieu?s anticipationand thereality helater foundout forma contrast.It revealsSamWalton?s down-home characteristics.When retiredpany presidentFeroldF.Arend paredSamWalton with hisprevious employer,we appreciatefurther SamWalton?s generosity.VII.Culture Notes1.Rolls-Royce:any of the large,expensive,fortable carsmade by the Britishpany Rolls-Royce.Many peoplerecognize themby thesmall metalstatue onthe frontof everyRolls-Royce car.The panywas formedin1905-1906by CharlesRolls(1877-1910)and HenryRoyce(1863-1933)and alsoproduces aircraftengines.The Rolls-Royce panywas boughtbytheGerman panyVolkswagen in1998.The nameRolls-Royce isalso used informally torefer tothe bestproduct of a particulartype.2.dime store:a storeoffering awide assortmentof inexpensiveitems,formerly costingfive orten cents,for personaland householduse.3.Wal-Mart:any ofaverylarge chainof shopsintheUS sellinga viedrange ofgoods atlow prices.The firstWal-Mart DiscountCity wasopened in1962by SamWalton.4.Ford MotorCompany:a largeUS panythat makescars.It wasestablished inDetroit in1903by HenryFord,and thefirst ModelT wassold in1908.The panyhas producedthe Lincolnsince1922and theMercury s:apart from their surname or lastname,most Britishand Americanchildren aregiven twopersonal namesby their parents,a first name anda middlename.These names are sometimescalled Christiannames orgiven names.Some peoplehave onlyone givenname,a fewhave threeor more.Friends andmembers ofa familywho areof similarage usuallycall oneanother by their first names.In somefamilies youngpeople nowalso calltheir auntsand unclesand eventheir parentsbytheirfirst names.Outside thefamily,the expressionbe onfirstnameterms suggeststhatthepeople concernedhave afriendly,informal relationship.When writingtheir nameAmericans monlygive theirfirstname,their middleinitial and their lastname,e.g.George M.Cohan.Both givennamesareusedinfull onlyon formaloasions,e.g.when peopleget married.6.Forbes:and Americanbusiness magazine.It isnoted forits listsof therichest menand womenin business.In itsNovember27,2000edition itpublished onelisting the50richest businessmenand womeninChina,headed byRong Yirenof CITICwith1.9billion dollars,followed insecond placeby LiuYongxing of the HopeGroup with1billion dollars.The richestbusinesswoman onthe listwas YangLan ofSun Television,with63milliondollars.VIII.New wordsand expressionsremote:adj.far awayin spaceor timeThe supplyof electricityto remotemountainous villagesis oneof thelocal developmentprojects inYunnan province.8discount:n.amount ofmoney whichmay betaken offthe fullprice Traditionalretailers who?ve openedcyberstores mayoffer specialdiscounts toonline shoppers.give/make/allow adiscount打折扣atadiscount低于正常价格Only inAmerica cana billionairecarry onlike plainfolks-Only:in writingand formalspeech,you canput“only”atthebeginning ofa sentence,followed bythe word,word group,or clauseit modified,and thenyou putan auxiliaryor“be”followed bythesubjectofthemain clause.Only herewas itsafe toprepare andhandle hotdrinks.Only thendid Peterrealize thathe stillhadn?t phonedhis mother.carry on:1)behave orconduct oneselfin aspecific wayThere?s nothingunusual aboutthem.They carryon just like everybodyelse.2)continue carryonwithyour workget away with:dosth.wrong orrisky withoutbeing caughtor punishedHow didhe getaway withcheating?They claimedthat theyknew howto playthe systemand getawaywith it.local:adj.of orfor a particular placeThe planeis to take offat6a.m.and landat4:30p.m.local time.Three-quarters ofthe investmentneeded tohost theOlympics wouldbe borneby centraland localgovernment.treatment:n.the wayyou dealwith sb.or behavetowards them(followed byof)Like everyoneelse,I resenthis crueltreatment ofhis oldfather.treat sb.as v.by/from allaounts:aording towhat everyonesays Tom,by allaounts,isasuperb pianist.aording to/by sb.?s ownaount据某人自己说cheerful:adj.(of sb.)happy in a lively,energetic way;(of sth.)making youfeel happyOne ofthe reasonswhy she is suessfulis thatsheisabletoremain cheerfulinacrisis.His cheerfulaeptance ofresponsibility encouragedus all.Cheer upv.振作起来blend in/into:If sb.blends intoa particulargroup orsituation,or ifthey blend in,they seemto belongthere orare notnoticeable,because theirbehavior issimilar tothat oftheotherpeople involved.What hesaid reinforcedmy determinationtoblend in withmy surroundings.Pattern:blendinblend intosth.9blendin with sth.reserve:vt.1)order orbook(a seat,book,room,tab