英语常见词根词缀大全.doc

学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考 英语常见词根词缀大全 一、前缀（Prefixes）（somethingsth.；somebodysb.；noun名词n.；verb动词v.；adjective形容词adj.；adverb副词adv.；红色加粗部分也是词根）1、a-/an- ：no;without;lack；加强意义asocial 不好社交的：a(no) +social(社交的）asocial 不好社交的Are you asocial or do you just enjoy living in the Antarctic?acentric 无中心的：a（without）+centric中心的acentric 无中心的At first, the thesis describes the fluid and acentric narrative mode.首先, 文章阐述的是流动性、去中心的叙事方式.aright 正确地：a（表加强意义）+right（正确的）aright正确地When I pray, I must seek to know Godaright.2、a- ：in;on;at;by;with;toasleep 在熟睡中：a（in）+sleep（睡觉）asleep 在熟睡中He soon fellasleepwith weariness. abed 在床上：a（on）+bed（床上）abed 在床上I always think of many thingsabed.aside 在一边：a（at）+side旁边aside在旁边即在一边We turnedasidefrom the main road.abreast 肩并肩地：a（by）+breast胸部abreast胸部于胸部相邻引申为肩并肩地The four of them walkedabreast.3、ab- ：from;away fromabsorb 吸收：ab（from）+sorb（吸附、吸收）absorb（sorb from从吸附即吸收）Dry sandabsorbswater.abnormal 不正常的：ab（away from）+normal正常的abnormal（away from normal即远离正常不正常）We were very surprised at hisabnormalbehavior.4、ac- ：at;to,或表示加强意义accustom 使习惯：ac(to)+custom(风俗、习惯）accustom（使慢慢成为习惯使习惯）He soon getsaccustomto dormitory life and make two or three friends.account 计算，算帐：ac（to）+count（数数、计算）account（to count the number of sth数的数量即计算、算账）He figured up the balance in their checking account.accredit 信任：ac（表强调，加强意义）+credit（相信、信任）accredit（信任）Weaccreditthe invention of the electric light bulb to Edison.accredit to 把归功于某人5、ad- ：to;toward;forwardadmixture 混杂：ad（to）+mix（动词：混合+ure名词后缀mixture名词：混合、混杂）admixture（to mix sth混合某物混杂）Our club was composed principally of students, with an admixture of young clerks.adjoin临近：ad（toward）+join（链接、联结）adjoin（to join sth together to make them closer临近）The two houses adjoin.adventure 冒险：ad（forward表倾向性行为）+venture（冒险）adventure（去冒险）But Jules was not eager for classroom learning, he hungered for adventure.6、af- ：at;to,或表示加强意义affix 附加，贴上：af（to)+fix(固定、使牢固）affix（to fix one thing on another附加、贴上）Pleaseaffixyour name to my homework.affirm 肯定，确实：af（表加强意义）+firm（确定的）affirm肯定、确实Scientists cannotaffirmthe existence of life on other planets.affright 震惊，恐惧：af（表加强意义）+fright（恐怖、惊吓）affright（震惊、恐惧）Who are you? he again asked inaffright.7、ag- ：at;to,或表示加强意义aggrandize 增大：ag（表加强意义）+grand（宏大的；宏伟的） +ize（动词词根）aggrandize（增大）Indeed, it should be pointed out that although women status were greatly improved, we can notaggrandizethe improvement.aggravate 加重：ag（表加强意义）+grav（=heavy重）+ate（动词词根）aggravate加重This willaggravatethe current scarcity of natural resources caused by environmental degradation.aggrieve 使悲痛：ag（表加强意义）+grieve（悲伤）aggrieve（使悲痛）I hope I didntaggrieveher feeling.8、amphi- ：两、双amphicar 水陆两用车：amphi（两、双）+car（车）amphicar水陆两用车A German - made amphicar is making quite a splash in New Bern, North Carolina.amphibian 水陆两栖的：amphi（两、双)+bi(两）+an（表名词和形容词,地方,人或动物等）amphibian水陆两栖的amphitheater两边都可观看的剧场，圆形剧场：amphi（两、双)+theatre（电影院、戏院）amphitheater圆形剧场Some famousamphitheaterswere built by the Romans.9、 ante- ：beforeantetype 先型，原型：ante（before）+type（类型）antetype（原型）Reporter asked the writer who is the antetype of the character in his article.anteroom 前室，接待室：ante（before）+room（房间）anteroom（接待室）Leaving the elevator on the tenth floor,they stepped into the windowlessanteroom.antedate 比实际早的日期;先于、早于：ante（before）+date（日期）antedate(before the date of 在日期之前先于、早于）10、 anti- ：against对抗、反对antifreeze 防冻：anti（against）+freeze（冰冻）antifreeze（make sth against freeze使抗冻防冻）Fill the cooling system with antifreeze as a protection against frost.antiwar 反战的：anti（对抗、反对）+war（战争）antiwar（反对战争反战的）John and Yoko played key roles in the anti - war movement in the 1970 s.antiageing 防衰老的：anti（对抗、反对）+ageing（变老、老化）antiageing防衰老的How much faith should we put in anti-ageing products?11、 ap- ：加强或引申意义appoint 指定，任命：ap（表引申）+point（表明、指向）appoint（指定、任命）Why didnt you appoint Ron twelve months ago?Good question.appraise 评价：ap（表引申）+praise（赞扬、赞美）appraise（评价）An employer should appraise the ability of his men.12、 ap-/apo- ：离开apogee 远地点(远离地球之处)、最高点、最远点apo（离开）+geeapogee（最高点、最远点）The Alliance for Progress reached its apogee during the first half of the decade.apostasy 脱党，叛教：apo（离开）+stasyapostasy（脱党、叛教）Apostasyoften has its roots in moral failure.背教的人通常是先在道德方面一败涂地。13、 ar- ：at;to,或表示加强及引伸意义arrear 在后，拖延：ar（at）+rear（后面、背部）arrear（at the back of sth在某物的背后在后、拖延）Im inarrearswith the housework. 我的家务事还拖著呢。arrange 安排，布置：ar（表加强）+range（排列、排序，把分类）arrange安排、布置You mustarrangethese books in alphabetical order.14、 arch- ：1)big;chief. 2)ancientarchbishop 大主教：arch（big、chief）+bishop（主教）archbishop（大主教）He was consecratedarchbishoplast year.他于去年就任大主教之圣职。archaeology 考古学：arch（ancient古老的）+e+ology（表示学科）archaeology（study some ancient things研究古代的东西考古学）CSCA is the research center focused on Chinesearchaeology.北京大学中国考古学研究中心是以研究中国考古学为主的实体学术机构。15、as ：to;forwardassort 分类：as（to）+sort（分类、筛选、选出）assort（to sort sth out把某物选出来分门别类）My daughter will not assort with her peers.我女儿和她的同龄人不合群.be assort with 与相符、与一致assure 使确信，担保：as（to）+sure（确信、确保）assure（to make sure sth使某事确信、确保使确信、担保）They tried toassurehim of their willingness to work.associate 联合，结合：as（to）+sociate（联系）associate（to sociate something with another one把一件事情和另一件事情联系在一起联合，结合）The press feels the need to associate itself with the green movement.媒体感到有必要支持绿色运动。16、at- ：at;to,或表示加强及引伸意义attest 证明：at（to）+test（测验、考验）attest（to test sth测验某物证明）The childs good healthatteststo his mothers care.attract 吸引：at（to）+tract（拉）attract（to tract sth or sb吸引）The flower showattractedlarge crowds this year.17、auto- ：self;personallyautograph 亲笔：auto（self）+graph（写）autograph（write sth by oneself自己写 亲笔）Ive got lots of famous footballersautographs.autoalarm 自动报警器：auto（self）+alarm（警报、报警）autoalarm(自动报警器）In fire autoalarmcontrol system the fire detector is the key part for the detecting of fire signals.火灾自动报警控制系统中,探测器是探测火灾信号的关键部件。autobiography 自传：auto（personally）+biography（传记、个人简介）autobiography（自传）Iacoccasautobiographyis a best-seller.18、be- ：make or cause to be；加以.,饰以.,用.(做某事)；在；加强及引申意义befit 适宜：be（make）+fit（适合）befit（make sth fit 使某物适合适宜）Such actions do not befit you.bepowder 在.上撒粉：（be加以，饰以.+powder花粉bepowder给某物加以/饰以花粉在.上撒粉）If both orders are opposed the block defect frost may be erased when the bottom is bepowdered.becloud 遮蔽：be用.(做某事)+cloud云becloud用云遮盖某物即遮蔽Remorse took hold of the disciples because they had allowed the prevailing unbelief to leaven their opinions and becloudtheir understanding.门徒心中觉得非常痛悔，因为他们让当时社会上流行的不信，影响自己的思想，蒙蔽自己的认识。beside 在.旁：（be在+side旁边beside在旁边）I set a chairbesidehim and sat down.bespatter 溅污：be（表加强意义）+spatter溅，洒落bespatter 溅污All speeches made tobespatterme in the trial will be punished.凡是在审判中诋毁我的言论都将被定罪！19、bene- ：well;goodbenevolent 乐善好施的：bene（well；good）+vol（wish,will,表示意志,意愿）+entbenevolent好的意志/意愿乐善好施的The original designers of the human body werebenevolentbeings.人类身体的最初设计者是仁慈的生命体。benediction 祝福：bene（well；good）+dict（say/assert,表示说话,断言,写）+ion名词后缀benediction说好话祝福I say thebenedictionto my fathers birthday.benefaction 恩惠，善行：bene（well；good）+fact（do,make 表示做,制作）+ion名词后缀benefaction做好事恩惠、善行I will repay yourbenefactionone day.20、bi- ：twobicycle 自行车：bi（two）+cycle（自行车）bicycle（自行车）Can you ride abicycle?bilateral 双方：bi（two）+lateral（侧向； 外侧 ）bilateral有两个外侧的即双方Nothing emerged from thebilateraltalks. 双边会谈没有结果。bicolor 双色的：bi（two）+color（颜色）bicolor有两种颜色的即双色的 a bicolor postage stamp双色邮票21、by- ：旁、侧、非正式、副byroad 小路，僻径：by（旁、侧）+road（路）byroad（大路旁边的路即小路）Xiaoming likes to go back home on the byroad.bywork 业余工作：by（非正式、副）+work（工作）bywork（非正式的工作即业余工作）To releave the economic burden in the family his wife finds a bywork.byname 别名，绰号：by（非正式、副）+name（名字）byname（非正式的名字、副名即别名）His classmates would like to call his byname rather than his real name after this case.22、circu- ：aroundcircumnavigate 环球航行：circu（around）+navigate（航行）circumnavigate（navigate around the world环绕着世界航行即环球航行）Magellan was the first person tocircumnavigatethe globe.麦哲伦是第一个环球航行的人。circumspect 考虑周到的：circu（around）+spect（look/see,表示看）circumspect环顾四周即考虑周到的He was verycircumspectin his financial affairs.他对于自己的财务十分细心。circumpolar 在两极周围的：circu（around）+polar（极地的，两极的）circumpolar（around the polar环绕两级的即在两级周围的）Its commonly considered a singlecircumpolarspecies.这一般被认为是极地地区单一的品种。23、co- ：togetherco-action 共同行动：co（together）+action（行动）co-action（do sth. together一起做某事即一起行动、共同行动）It was co-action of government，society and people for Chinas recovery from economic crisis.）cooperate 合作：co（together）+operate（操作；经营、管理）cooperate（operate sth. together共同管理某事即合作）I am so happy tocooperatewith you.coeducation 男女同校：co（together）+education（教育）coeducation（男女在一起接受教育即男女同校）Coeducationis very common in North America.24、col- ：togethercollaboration 协作，勾结：col（together）+labor（劳动、工作）+ation（名词后缀）collaboration（do labor together一起劳动/工作即协作）He wrote the book incollaborationwith his colleagues.collingual 用同一种语言的：col（together）+lingual（语言的）collingual（use one language together即用同一种语言的）United Nations and United Kindom are two collingual countries.collocate 并置，并列：col（together）+locate（查找的地点；确定的位置 ）collocate（locate two things together使两个事物坐落在一起即并置、并列）These two words dontcollocate. 这两个词搭配不当。25、com- ：together；加强或引伸意义compatriot 同胞、同国人：com（together）+patriot（爱国者，爱国主义者）compatriot（在一起的爱国者即同胞）He believes that he and hiscompatriotstudent are the future leaders.他相信他和他同国的学生是未来的领袖。commove 使动乱：com（表加强意义）+move（移动）commove使动乱His vibrant voicecommovethe air. 他响亮的声音振动了空气。commemorate 纪念：com（表引申意义）+memor（memory,表示记忆）+ate（v.后缀）commemorate（记住某人或某事即纪念)A monument was built tocommemoratethe victory.26、con- ：together；加强或引伸意义concolorous 同色的：con（together）+color（颜色）+ous（adj.后缀）concolorous颜色一样的即同色的It is monotonous to paint the rooms with concolorous painting.confirm 使坚定：con（表示加强）+firm（表示坚定）confirm（使坚定）His letterconfirmedeverything.27、contra- ：againstcontradiction 矛盾：contra（against）+dict（say/assert,表示说话,断言,写）+ion（1. 表示某种物,用品;人等; 2. 表名词,动作或状态等）contradiction与对着干即矛盾The contradictions are becoming increasingly acute.矛盾日益尖锐.controversial 可能引起争议的：contra（against）+oversialcontroversial 可能引起争议的More controversially, he claims that these higher profits cover the cost of finding fresh talent.更具争议的是，他声称这些更高的利润可足以支付寻找新人才所花费的成本。contraclockwise 逆时针方向的：contra（against）+clock（钟）+wise（1、用于名词后构成副词）表示“关于”，“在方面”；（用于名词后构成副词）表示“像一样”，“如同”contraclockwise向时钟相反的方向转动即逆时针方向的Turn the key contraclockwise/in an contraclockwise direction.逆时针方向转动钥匙28、cor- ：together；加强或引伸意义correlation 相互关系：cor（together）+relation（关系）correlation(relate two things together两件事关联在一起即相互关系）Are you familiar with theircorrelation?correct 改正，纠正：cor（表加强意义）+rect（straight/right,表示正,直）correct（make sth. rect使某物正确即改正、纠正）Your answer to the question iscorrect. corrugate 使起皱纹：cor（表引申意义）+rugate（皱的，有折痕的）corrugate（make sth. rugate使某物有折痕即使起皱纹）His browcorrugatedwith the effort of thinking.他皱着眉头用心地思考。29、counter- ：oppositecounterrevolutionary 反动的：counter（opposite）+revolutionary（革命的）counterrevolutionary和革命相反的即反动的The Central Committee of the Party headed by Comrade Mao Tse-tung fought thesecounterrevolutionary elements resolutely.以毛泽东同志为首的党中央，同这些反革命分子进行了坚决的斗争。countercurrent 逆流：counter（opposite）+current（电流、水流、趋势）countercurrent（和趋势相反的即逆流）Black tea extracts are normally produced by a hot or boiling water extraction process, usually acountercurrent process.红茶的提取物通常是用热水或沸水通过逆流萃取工艺来制取的。counterattack 反攻，反击：counter（opposite）+attack（攻击）counterattack（attack against sth.攻击某物即反攻、反击）We have launched acounterattackagainst them.30、de- ：down from； 向下、降低、减少；使成.,作成.,或仅作加强意义；not；除去、取消、毁deplane 下飞机：de(down from)+plane(飞机）deplane（down from plane从飞机上下来即下飞机）Let people that have tight connectionsdeplanefirst. 请让需要转机的乘客先下飞机。depress 压低，压下；使沮丧：de（向下）+press（按、压）depress（向下按即压低、压下；引申为是某人心情低下即使沮丧）He wasdepressedby his defeat.depopulation 人口减少:de(减少）+population（人口）depopulation（人口减少)The village is suffering fromdepopulation.devalue 贬值:de(降低）+value（价值）devalue（价值降低即贬值）If these measures are insufficient, a country may devalue its currency.如果这些措施并不适合，那么一个国家将可能对他本国货币进行贬值。delimit 划定界限：de（表示加强意义）+limit（限制）delimit（to limit sth限制某事即划定界限）The first chapterdelimitsher area of research.denude 使裸露：de（使成.)+nude(裸露的）denude（使.裸露）Mining would pollute the lake and denude the forest.采矿会污染湖水，毁掉森林。depicture 描绘，描述：de（作成.）+picture（描绘、画）depicture（作成画即描绘、描述）CTA candepicturethe three dimensional anatomy structure and supply useful information.CAT能够描述三维解剖结构，提供有效信息。denationalize 非国有化：de（not）+national（国家的，国有的）+ize（动词后缀，使.化，使.具有某种性质）denationalize（not nationalize即非国有化）denationalizeand subject to the supervision of an agency of a European community of nations解除国有化并致于欧洲市场的监督之下desalt 除去盐份：de（除去）+salt（盐）desalt（除去盐分）How to let the scarof the operation desalted?如何让手术的疤痕淡化?deforest 砍伐森林：de（毁）+forest（森林）deforest（毁灭森林即砍伐森林）I intend that humans cease todeforestand reforest those regions that have been deforested.我希望人类停止滥砍滥伐,并对那些已经过度砍伐的森林重新造林。decontrol 取消管制：de（取消）+control（控制）decontrol（取消控制即取消管制）He established a national energy policy that included conservation, pricedecontrol, and new technology.他成立了一个包括保护，价格放开，和新技术的国家能源政策。31、dec(a)- ：tendecade 十年：deca（ten）+edecade（十年）Prices have risen steadily during the pastdecade.decimal 英 desml 美 dsml 十进位制的：dec（ten）+imaldecimal（十进位制的）Most countries have adecimalcurrency.大多数国家使用十进制货币。decathlon 十项全能：deca（ten）+athlon （contest）decathlon（十项比赛即十项全能）InSeptember2009,theytraveledtoWashingtontoseefor themselveswhatthe SolarDecathlonwasall about ,andasonestudentput it, “learnsometipsand tricks.”2009年9月，他们前往华盛顿亲眼看一看太阳能十项全能（SolarDecathlon）的赛事究竟是什么样子。正如一位同学所说，“要了解其中的行情和奥妙。”32、deci- ：十分之一decigram 十分之一克：deci（十分之一）+gram（克）decigram（十分之一克）decimeter 十分之一米：deci（十分之一）+meter（米）decimeter （十分之一米）decilitre 十分之一升：deci（十分之一）+liter/litre(升）decilitre（ 十分之一升)33、demi- ：半demigod 半神半人：demi(半）+god(神）demigod（半神半人）Ademigodis the offspring of a god and a mortal.半神半人是神祗与凡人所生的后代。demi-fixed 半固定的：demi(半）+fixed（固定的）demi-fixed（半固定的）demiwolf 半似狼之犬：demi(半）+wolf（狼）demiwolf （半似狼之犬）34、di- ：二、双diatomic 二原子的：di（二）+atomic（原子的）diatomic （二原子的）We have concentrated on the ground electronic states of diatomic molecules.我们曾主要集中注意双原子分子的电子基态.disyllable 双音节的：di（双）+syllable（音节的）disyllable（双音节的）The theory about the advantages ofdisyllablewords in modern Chinese is once again proved by pure Chinese character trans-pronunciation words.现代汉语双音节词占优势的结论，再一次被纯汉字音译词证明。dichromatic 两色的：di（二）+chromatic（有颜色的）dichromatic（ 两色的）The national flag of Canada constituted by dichromatic red and white.加拿大的国旗由红、白两色组成。35、dia- ：through;between;acrossdiameter 直径：dia（through）+meter（=measure,表示计量,测量等）diameter（measure sth through it穿过某物测量它即直径Thediameterof the tree-trunk is about 2 meters.dialogue 对话：dia（between）+logue（对着说话）dialogue(logue sth between two persons在两人之间对着说话即对话）The novel contains more narrative thandialogue.diagnosis 诊断：dia（across）+gnosisdiagnosis 诊断Further scans are required to confirm the diagnosis of an abnormality.需要进一步扫描来确诊是否出现异常病变。36、dif- ：1)apart. 2)not;oppositediffluence 分流：dif（apart）+flu（流动）+ence（名词后缀）diffluence （向两个不同的方向分开流动即分流）Diffluenceof editorial team is necessary for ensuring the quality of subject choosing and planning.实行编辑队伍分流，确保选题策划的质量diffident 不自信的：dif（not;opposite）+fid（=trust/faith,表示信任,相信,信念）+entdiffident（not trust sb不信任某人或自己即不自信的）He was toodiffidentto express his opinion.diffuse 散开，散布：dif（apart）+fuse（融化、熔合）diffuse（融化之后就会分开即散开、散布）The problem is how todiffusepower without creating anarchy.问题在于如何将权力分散而不造成无政府状态。37、dis- ：不、无、相反；取消、除去、毁；加在含有“分开”、“否定”等意义的单词前，作加强意义；分开、离、散； 有时作di-dishonest 不诚实的：dis（不）+honest（诚实的）dishonest 不诚实的I will not make friends with adishonestperson.dispraise 贬损，非难：dis（相反）+praise（表扬）dispraise (和表扬相反的就是贬损）He cared for neither the praise nordispraiseof other people.disappear 消失：dis（无)+appear(出现）disappear（没有出现即消失）The sundisappearedbehind a cloud.disorganize 瓦解：dis（取消）+organize（组织）disorganize（取消组织即瓦解）Dynamos defense looksdisorganize. 迪纳摩队的防守看起来已瓦解了。disburden 解除负担：dis（除去）+burden（负担）disburden（除去负担即解除负担）disburdenones mind 消除思想负担discourage 使失去勇气：dis（毁）+courage（勇气）discourage（毁掉某人的勇气即使某人失去勇气）A new law has been brought in todiscourageracial prejudice.一项反对种族歧视的新法律已被提出。dispart 分离，裂开：dis（表加强意义）+part（分开）dispart （分离，裂开）Till death dispart the union. 双方白首偕老.dissect 切开：dis（分开）+sect（=cut/divide,表示切,割）dissect 切开In biology class we had todissecta frog.上生物课时我们得解剖青蛙。distract 分心，转移：dis（离、散）+tract（拉、引）distract（让某人的思想从某事上离开即 使某人分心）The film managed todistractme from these problems for a while.38、dys- ：不良、恶、困难dysfunction (医)机能失调，功能紊乱：dys（不良）+function（功能）dysfunction(功能不良即功能紊乱）Politicaldysfunctionhas now become perhaps the biggest issue for the economy.政治障碍现可能已成为对经济而言一个最重大的问题。dyspepsia 消化不良：dys（困难）+peps（消化；胃）+-ia（表名词,病; ）dyspepsia (有胃病或消化困难即消化不良）Many people think they have religion when they are merely troubled withdyspepsia.dyspathy 反感：dys（厌恶）+pathy（情感）dyspathy（在情感上厌恶某人即对某人感到反感）Once you have feeling of dyspathy to another person you will not willing to make friends with him any more.一旦你对某人有反感情绪之后你就不再愿意和他交朋友了39、e- ：加强或引伸意义；出、外evaluate 评价:e(表加强意义）+valuate对.作估价、对.评价evaluate评价Letsevaluatethe evidence.elaborate 精心制作，详细描述：e(表引申意义）+labor劳动+ate动词后缀