2015年联大考试英语专业高职升本科辅导(写作及翻译)

1,高职升本科英语综合辅导旅游学院国际旅游系 2016年3月,2,写作,灵活运用所学的词、词组、句型、语法及标点符号；句子结构完整、意思表达清楚；正确套用或使用常见的应用文格式完成应用文写作一篇。,3,应用文写作,1. Asking for and giving advice2. Writing an invitation and making replies to invitations3. Making an apology4. Letter of thanks5. Letter of complaints and replies6. Job application 7. Want ad/ employment ad,1. Asking for and giving advice,Objectives- explain the problems you have.- use the appropriate expressions to ask for advice.- show how you feel about the writers problems.- make comments on the problems.,4,Writing instructions,Useful expressions for the opening paragraph-Im writing to ask for your advice.-Ive got a problem and Id like your advice.-I need your advice because I dont know what to do.-Sorry but Ive been having problems with etc.-I was sorry to hear that youve got problems.-I know you are in a difficult situation and I quite understand your feelings.-I hope the following advice will be of some help to you.,5,Useful expressions for the closing paragraph-I am looking forward to hearing from you.-I would appreciate your advice.-I hope I havent troubled you too much.-Let me know what you think as soon as possible.-I hope everything goes well with you.-Well, thats all the advice I can give you.-I hope Ive been of some help to you.,6,Writing tasks,-Write a letter to someone you trust and ask for advice on a problem you have within 150 words.-Write a short paragraph about the problem you have. Then write a letter to give some advice in 150-180 words,7,2. Writing an invitation and making replies to invitations,Objectives-tell the reason for the invitation.-make suggestions about the time/date for the invitation.-know the way of asking for an answer to the invitation.- know the way of accepting the invitation.- know the way of refusing the invitation.,8,Writing instructions,Salutation used in formal letters Dear + Mr./Mrs./Miss + surname/family name/last name/full nameSalutation used in very formal letters Dear + Sir(Sirs)/Madam(Madams/es)/Sir or Madam(e),9,Complimentary close used in quite formal lettersYours,Regards,Your(s) sincerely,Sincerely yours,Complimentary close used in very formal lettersYours faithfully,Yours truly,10,Layout of formal lettersHeading: It is on the top right-hand/left hand corner.Date: It is below the heading, leaving a blank line in between.Inside address: Title of the person you are writing to, and the name and address of the company, start one line below the date.Salutation: It is on the left-hand side, leaving one/two blank line(s) before and after the salutation.Body of the letter: Leaving a blank line between the paragraphsComplimentary close: It is on the left-hand side of the page, followed by a comma.Signature: Write a clear full name underneath the complimentary close.,11,Useful expressions of acceptance and refusal in the opening paragraph-Thanks for your letter.-Id love to go with you.-Thanksbut-Im really sorry because-It was very nice of you to invite me to -Im afraid I will not be able to because-Im very sorry I cannot come to your party.-Id love to come, but I cant because-Im really sorry to say/tell you that I cant because etc.,12,Useful expressions of acceptance and refusal in the closing paragraph-Thanks again for inviting me.-Im really looking forward to the party.-Looking forward to seeing you -Im really sorry about not being able to join you.-It was nice of you to invite me anyway.-Thanks for inviting me and Im really sorry I have to let you down.,13,Writing task,You are going to give a Bonfire Night Party. Write an invitation to your partner to ask him/her to come to the party according to the following phrases.a Bonfire Night Partyon Oct. 16th the fireworks at 8 oclocka traditional supper afterwards (baked potatoes and barbecue)one of the nicest events in Autumnshare it with ushope to see you on the 16th,14,George and Anne invite you to a housewarming party 6 pm, on Friday, on 8th June. Please write replies to the invitation.,15,3. Making an apology,Objectives-find a reasonable excuse-make an explanation in apology,16,Writing instructions,sorry + excuse + explanationUseful expressions for expressing an apology-I am very/terribly/extremely/awfully sorry for-Id like to apologize for-I really must apologize for-I really do apologize to you for-Please forgive me for-You must forgive me for-Youll have to excuse me for,17,Writing task,Here is a short note of apology. Write a letter of apology to your friend using these notes.-apologize about last Thursday-did not come to see you-lost purse/wallet-found it-late for the train-looked at the timetable-started to walk to the bus station-took the wrong bus-tried to speak to you on the phone, no answer,18,4. Making thanks,Objectives-explaining why you wrote the thank-you letter.-make suitable comments on what the addressee has done for you.-expressing sincere thanks and appreciation for his/her hospitality, kindness and generosity.,19,Writing instructions,Useful expressions for expressing thanks-Thank you so much for-Im writing to express our thanks for-Many thanks for all the wonderful things youve done in helping us-First of all, I must thank you for inviting us to-I wish to extend our thanks for,20,Writing task,Write a thank-you letter to your pen pal, who has sent you a birthday present.,21,Thats the end of writing,22,23,翻译(英译中),正确运用语法结构将英语单句翻译成汉语，要求准确传达原意、基本符合汉语习惯。,24,critical1) the critical period was over. adj. 严重的，危急的 2) He was very critical about some of the doctors in that hospital.adj. 批判的，评论性的,stable1) Her condition was now quite stable. adj. 平稳的，稳定的5) an old peasant hid him in his stablen.畜栏；厩；马房,25,26,general6) The general has very orderly habits. n. 将军；上将9) The general opinion at the time was that adj. 一般的；普通的,bank11) The bank denied that it had been lying to people about hits bad debts.n. 银行12) Some young people were lying on the grassy bankn. 岸；堤,27,shot15) The fighting was basically over. But one could still hear a few occasional shots. n. 射击；开火16) We are pinning(渴望) our hopes on her to win the womens shot-put gold medal. n. 铅球 17) The driver denied having drunk strong liquor. He said that he had merely taken a few shots of mild beer. n. 一小口18) She is on the national basketball team, and she is a wonderful shot. n. (球）射手；投篮手,28,Translation,1) The critical period was over. Her condition was now quite stable.她危险期已过，现在情况已经平稳。11) The bank denied that it had been lying to people about its bad debts. 银行说他们在坏账问题上没有向人们说谎。17) The driver denied having drunk strong liquor. He said that he had merely taken a few shots of mild beer.司机不承认喝了白酒，他说他只喝了几口淡啤酒。,29,30,object4) She fired at the strange object. n. 物，物体5) Im sure he will object to your going into business.vi. 反对（某人或某事）objective 6) Today a wise businessman will not take profit-making as the only objective. n. 目标,inviting 7) The jam looked so inviting that we all bought a few jars.adj. 诱惑人的；吸引人的invite8) You are inviting self-destruction if you dont quit drinking immediately.v+ing 引起，招致,31,32,edge 12) At the edge of the forest, n. 边15) We used to have a price edge over our competitors. n. 俗优势, 胜过,odds and ends 16) He found nothing but some odds and ends.零星物品; 不要紧的东西 against heavy odds (=with heavy odds against) 17) We knew that we were fighting against heavy odds. 在极端不利的条件下; 寡不敌众,33,34,Translation,6) Today a wise businessman will not take profit-making as the only objective. He will also stress social responsibility. 今天，一个聪明的企业家不会把谋利当作惟一的目标，他会十分重视对社会的责任。9) The language used in scientific literature is usually quite formal.科学文献中用的语言通常比较正式。,16) He opened the trunk of the car and found nothing but some odds and ends.他打开了汽车行李箱，发现里面除了一些零碎物品，什么都没有。,35,36,plainCan you say it in plain English?adj. 简单的, 单纯的 2) The rain in Spain is mainly in the plain.n. 平原；旷野5) I dont know why he did this. It was plain stupid.adj. 彻底的, 完全的,cross 10) Cross the bridge and walk south for about 10 minutes. v. 横渡；渡过；越过12) Put a cross by it if you think the statement is false.n. 交叉号；表示错误的记号13) She was extremely cross because she knew adj. 脾气暴躁的；生气的,37,38,Translation,4) Apart from armed police, there were many plain clothes, too.除了武装警察，还有很多便衣。7) Im changing my quarters. Ill give you my address as soon as Im settled.我现在居无定所。等我安顿下来马上告诉你我的地址。,13) She was extremely cross because she knew that with the shortest road blocked, she was going to be late.她很生气，因为她知道这最近的路一阻 塞，她就要迟到了。,39,40,lean 1) We should not lean to either side.vi. 倚靠，偏向2) The following year was also a lean year.adj. 不毛的，欠收的 3) That tall man with a lean face was accused ofadj. 瘦的, 无脂肪的4) He leaned his umbrella against the wall, vt. 靠置；靠在上,reflection 5) This is a reflection of the generation gap.n. 反映，反射6) This essay contains some of his reflections on our social problems.n. pl. 感想, 意见 reflect 7) I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just.vt. 沉思，思考，反省8) A strong belief often reflects a strong prejudice. v. 反射，反映,41,42,pitch 9) I thought he was crazy when he pitched his bag out of the window.vt. 扔；丢弃10) The candle went out and the cave became pitch dark. n. 沥青，柏油11) we were able to pitch a tent. v. 扎（营）；搭（帐篷）pitch in 12) To achieve our goal for the year, we all have to pitch in. v. 投入（工作）,43,Translation,1) We should remain neutral on this issue. We should not lean to either side.我们在这个问题上应该保持中立。我们不应该偏向哪一边。5) Old people often complain about young people. The reverse is also true. This is a reflection of the generation gap.老年人往往抱怨年轻人，反过来也一样。这是代沟的一种反映。,6) This essay contains some of his reflections on our social problems.这篇文章包括了他对我们社会问题的一些看法。,44,45,convention2)We all know that it isnt easy to break away from conventions. n. 常规，习俗，惯例 4) The republican convention is going to be held in Chicago. n.（政党、宗教等的）会议，大会；集会,elaborate7) They prepared a very elaborate meal for him , hoping that it might help them to get the contract.adj. 精心制作的，丰盛的8) We have only a general idea about the plan. could you elaborate on it a little bit?v. 详细阐述,46,47,Translation,2) We all know that it isnt easy to break away from conventions. 我们都知道摆脱旧传统难 。7) They prepared a very elaborate meal for him , hoping that it might help them to get the contract.他们为他准备了一顿极其丰盛的酒席，希望它能有助于他们弄到那个合同。,13) These pupils are young of course, but they are very sharp, dont underestimate them. 这些学生当然很年轻，但是他们都很聪明，你别小看他们。,48,49,closed 4)The new pope is described as a man with an open heart but a closed mind. adj. 关闭的，封闭（锁）的close5) The air is pretty close here, why dont you open the window. adj. 不通风的；闷热的 6) It was a close matchadj.势均力敌的（比赛）；不分胜负7) She is my close friend adj. （关系）密切的 8) Keep a close watch over a boy , adj. 谨慎的；,50,direct 9) Ill ask you a direct question, adj. 径直的；直接的；最近的10) The film was directed by a brilliant young man. vt. 指引，指示，指挥，命令，导演11) A young professor was appointed to direct this project.v.指导；指挥；管理；支配 12) This criticism is not directed at you, dont be so sensitive.adj. 有指导的；定向的；针对的,51,Translation,4) The new pope is described as a man with an open heart but a closed mind.人们说这位新教皇心灵是敞开的，但思想很封闭保守。6) It was a close match the final score was 87 to 86 in our favor. 这场比赛旗鼓相当，最后结果是87比86，我们赢。 12) This criticism is not directed at you, dont be so sensitive.这个批评不是针对你的，你要这么敏感。,52,sound3) The fireman found the baby in a room, sound asleep. They brought him out of the fire safe and sound. adj. 深沉的；平静的（睡眠）/安全 4) I like the way he presents his arguments. They sound very convincing. I agree with him that this is a sound policy at present. v.t. 听起来/adj. 正确的，合理的，有根据的,content 8) He is sitting in his rocking chair looking perfectly content with his life. adj. 满足的；满意的9) To pay attention only to the language and not the content is wrong. n. 内容,53,54,Translation,1) She hope that she can succeed in getting into the graduate program.她希望能考上研究生。4) I like the way he presents his arguments. They sound very convincing. I agree with him that this is a sound policy at present. 我喜欢他提出论点的方式、它们听来很有说服力。我同意他的观点，这是目前正确的决策。9) To pay attention only to the language and not the content is wrong. 光注意语言而不注意内容是不对的。,55,press 7) This School Press Building is the pride of our university. n. 出版业；出版社 8) We have to make up our mind quickly, they are pressing for our answer. 急切地要求(得到)，敦促(做某事) 9) I wont press charges. vt. 坚持；坚决进行 10) At the press conference n. 新闻记者11) Today international capital can flow in and out of a country in a second with the press of a button. vt. 压；按 (down),56,commission 12) he was merely earning some commission for the “service” he gave. n. 佣金，代办费，手续费 13) A commission has been set up to look into this matter. n. 委员会，考察团14) He was given a commission in the army for his bravery. n. 委任状；【军】授衔令；所受军衔,term 17) Well discuss the terms of the contract. n. 条款，