NCE2 L73知识点.doc

L73 The record-holder 记录保持者New words and expressionsrecord-holder记录保持者Truant n逃学的孩子Unimaginative adj缺乏想象力的Shame n惭愧，羞耻Hitchhike v搭便车旅行Meantime n期间Lorry n卡车Border n边界Evade v逃避，逃离record-holder记录保持者record 记录set up a record创造记录build up a record创造记录make a record创造记录create a record创造记录hold a record保持记录break a record打破记录beat a record打破记录smash a record大破记录2v 录音，录像Truant n 逃学的孩子(child who stays away from school without permission)play hooky 逃学，旷课（美）play truant 逃学evade school 逃学Truancy n逃学，旷课的（事）Unimaginative adj缺乏想象力的Imaginative adj有想象力的Imagine v想象imagine doing sth 想象做某事imagine sth/ that 想象某事Eg Dont you imagine that I can lend you money everytime you need it ? 你难道以为你每次缺钱我都能借给你吗？Imaginary adj想象中的，不真实的，假象的Imaginable adj可想象的Imagination n想象力；想象的事物Image n肖像，形象；比喻Shame 惭愧；羞耻put sb to shame使感到惭愧；使黯然失色；大大优于某人Cinderellas beauty put her sisters to shame . 灰姑娘的美丽令她的姐姐们相形见绌。bring shame on sb使蒙羞She blushed with shame.He felt no shame at losing in the game. 比赛失败了，他不觉得惭愧。2 nc 遗憾的事，可惜What a shame ! / what a pity ! 多遗憾呀！What a shame that you have to leave so soon! 多遗憾呀你这么快又要走了。3 nc 耻辱，可耻之事He was called a shame to their school. 大家称他为学校之耻。Shame ! 可耻！Shame on you ! 真丢人！to ones shame 令某人感到羞耻的事To my shame, I made a mistake again. 令我羞耻的是，我又犯错了。Shameful adj可耻的，丢脸的a shameful conduct 可耻的行为Shameless adj厚颜无耻的，不要脸的a shameless cheat 厚颜无耻的骗子a shameless liar 厚颜无耻的说谎者Shamefully adv可耻地，丢脸地Shamelessly adv厚颜无耻地，不要脸地Hitchhike v搭便车旅行hitch v搭便车Can I hitch a lift to Paris ? 我能打车去巴黎吗？Hike n/v远足，徒步旅行Hitchhiker n 搭车者as for a lift = get a free ride要求搭车give sb a lift 让某人搭车Meantime n期间in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时In the meantime, we studied 72 lessons. 在此期间，我们学了72课。In the meantime, the lorry traveled 1600 miles. 在此期间，卡车走了1600英里。2 adv期间，同时（相当于 meanwhile）I continued watching TV. Meanwhile, I knitted my new sweater out of wool. 我继续看电视，同时我在编制一个新的毛衣。复数：lorriesLorry n卡车Truck n载货卡车（美）Border1 n边界，国界the French-Spanish border 法国西班牙边界border land 边疆border line 国境线borderline case 两可情形Its a borderline case whether I can pass the exam or not. 我能否通过考试还是两可。boundary n界限，分界线Limit n界限，极限Edge n边缘Margin n空白边缘，页边空白Outline n轮廓，外形2 n边，缘，边沿；（衣服的）滚边a border of flowers round the lawn 草皮四周边缘的花坛The handkerchief has a lace border. 那条手帕有蕾丝花边。3v和接壤， （土地）毗邻France borders (on) Germany. 法国和德国接壤。border on 几乎是，近似His success borders on a miracle. 他的成功几乎是个奇迹。Evade v逃避，逃离，（近义词 avoid)evade school = play truant 逃学evade a question = avoid answering a question 回避一个问题evade enemies 躲避敌人evade taxes 逃税Evasion n躲避，逃避Escape v逃走，逃跑，逃离escape from prison = escape out of prison 越狱，从监狱逃跑Evade v躲避，闪避，巧妙地躲避课文解析1. Children who play truant from school are unimaginative.play truant from school = play truant 逃学 As a boy, Tom used to play truant (from school).2、 A quiet days fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get.动词ing前面如果出现定语，若是名词，则采用名词所有格或名词短语本身。eight hours seeing the film 非谓语动词做主语，一律作单数看。Three hours in the room，It is tiring.Three hours() listening to the teacher is tiring.Three hours in the room listening to the teacher is tiring.Events such as the March 5th shooting at a high school in San Diego bring the problem into focus.比如三月五日圣地亚哥一所高中学校发生的枪击事件问题成为焦点。over and over again = again and again 一次又一次，一再地，反复许多次地As my grandmother cant hear very well, I had to say it over and over again.as far as +从句 最大程度，到程度，就而言As far as I know, his operations successful.3、They have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1,600 miles.while 引导时间状语从句，一般放在前面或后面，放在中间就加上逗号。while doing 省略句，省略了主语和be 动词，这个主语一定就是主句的主语。putto shame 使蒙羞，使相形见绌What he has done put his parents to shame.He saved the child at the risk of his own life and put all those who looked on to shame. 他冒着生命危险救了那个孩子，使所有旁观者都相形见绌。4、He hitchhiked to Dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep.hitchhike to 搭便车去Dover n. 多佛(英国著名的港口)towards evening 快到晚上somewhere to sleep 可以睡觉的地方anything to do/drink 可以做的事/可以喝的东西(这里to do 做定语)5、 When he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to Calais.wake up 自己醒来Calais n. 加来(法国城市)in the meantime 在此期间I feel tired and would like to take a nap. In the meantime, you may do some reading.6、No one noticed the boy as he crept off.creep off = creep awaycreep vi. 爬行，匍匐，(像爬行似地)慢慢前进The old car crept along the country road.A snake crept into the garden while she was writing a letter. vi. 悄悄地/蹑手蹑脚地走;渐渐产生/出现We crept upstairs so as not to wake Grandpa.He noticed that age had crept on him.7、 The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of Paris as he hoped it would, but to Perpignan on the French-Spanish border.take into 带到 notbut 不是而是as sb. hoped 正如某人所希望的I became a good teacher as my mother hopes.than sb. expected 比某人所期待的还Dont ask what the country do for you, but ask what you do for the country.the French-Spanish border 法国与西班牙的边界 (边界地带属于哪个地方由第一个国籍确定)8、There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to England by the local authorities.pick up 逮捕，拘捕After the accident, he was picked up by the police.Key Structures Exercises:简单句：只包含一个主谓结构，而句子各个成分都只有单词或者短语表示。并列句：句子包含有两个或两个以上、互不依靠的主谓结构，并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接。复合句：包含有两个或者更多的主谓结构，其中有一个（或更多的）主谓结构充当句子的某一部分，如句子充当主语，状语，宾语，标语，定语等。用括号中的连词改写句子The climbers reached the top of the mountain. They spent the night there . (not only but as well)The climbers not only reached the top of the mountain, but spent the night there as well. 爬山者不但到达山顶，而且在那儿度过一个晚上。（主语是 the climbers, 那么not only but as well连接并列的谓语动词）A fire broke out in a cinema. Several hundred people tried to leave the building. A number of them were injured.(when and)When a fire broke out in a cinema, several hundred people tried to leave the building and a number of them were injured. 当电影院里发生大火时，几百人想要逃生，很多人受伤了。(when 引导时间状语从句，and 连接前后并列关系的并列句）James Sullivan will give a lecture at the local library next week. His book on the Antarctic was published recently.(whose)James Sullivan, whose book on the Antarctic was published recently , will give a lecture of the local library next week. James Sullivan 在下星期在当地的图书馆将进行一场报告，他的关于南极的书刚刚被出版。（whose 引导一个定语从句表所有关系，whose book on the Antarctic was published recently是一个定语从句，紧跟在先行词James Sullivan后面，再后面跟出一个谓语动词will give a lecture of the local library next week. ）I hid the Christmas presents under the desk quickly. My young daughter would not see them. She entered the room. (so that, when )I hid the Christmas presents under the desk quickly so that my young daughter would not see them when she entered the room. 我迅速地把圣诞礼物藏在桌子下面，目的是不让我女儿进屋的时候看到这些礼物。 (so that 引导的是一个目的状语从句，而when引导的是时间状语从句，连接主从符合句。）I refused the offer. I explained. I had already been offered a job by another company.（refusing , that)Refusing the offer, I explained that I had already been offered a job by another company. 拒绝这份工作我解释到，我已经被另外一家公司给与一份工作了。（refusing是一个现在分词表达状语，使用现在分词refusing做状语成分，而that连接解释的内容，引导一个宾语从句）He fought the wolves for three hours. Help arrived. (before)He fought the wolves for three hours before help arrived. 在援助到来之前他和狼群搏斗了3个小时。（before连接的通常是时间状语从句）The police searched everywhere. They missing boy could not be found. His dog could not be found. ( Although neither nor)Although the police searched everywhere, neither the missing boy nor his dog could be found. 尽管警察到处的搜寻，小孩和他的狗都没有被找到。( although 引导让步状语从句，neithernor前者也不，后者也不，连接并列句。在主句中间，neither the missing boy nor his dog, neither nor连接并列的主语成分，neither nor 本身有否定含义， 所以谓语动词could be不再出现否定）Fares have increased. The railway company is still losing money. The employees have demanded higher wages. ( Inspi