大学专升本英语考前辅导电子教案

大学专升本英语考前辅导电子教案 河南理工大学10级电气工程及自动化专业本科英语2考前辅导郑留安xx-10-16? 一、Definition? 1、consonant cluster:A consonantcluster isa group（一组的）or sequenceof(连续的)consonants thatappear togetherin asyllable withouta vowelbetween them.What isa consonantcluster?Definition:A consonantcluster isa group（一组的）or sequenceof(连续的)consonants thatappear togetherin asyllable withouta vowelbetween them.?In theword chat,the lettersc andh appearcontiguously butare nota consonantcluster,even thoughboth areseparate consonantsin othercontexts(cat;hat).In thisinstance,ch isa digraph（二合字母（代表一个单音的两个字母,如sheaf中sh）because thech sequencerepresents asingle soundin theunderlying Englishsound system.? 2、nasal plosion（鼻腔爆破）The releaseof aplosive bylowering thesoft palateso thatair escapesthrough the nose,as at the endof thewords Hidden,sadden,sudden,leaden.?When/t/or/d/is followedby/n/,(as inbutton/bVtn/and garden/ga:dn/),the explosionof theplosive takesplace throughthenose.Nasal Plosion（鼻腔爆破）? 3、lateral plosion（舌边爆破）The releaseof aplosive bylowering thesides of the tongue,as atthe endof theword saddle.?When/t/or/d/is followedby/l/,(as inlittle/litl/and middle/midl/),the tongue-tip remainson theridge of the upperfront teeth,but oneor bothsides ofthe tongueare suddenlylowered sothat thebreath passesout withlateral plosion.Lateral Plosion（舌边爆破）? 4、an initial consonant clusterWhen two orthree ormore plosivesget togetheratthebeginning ofa word.We callit aninitialconsonantcluster.?Great?Spring? 5、missing explosionWhentwoplosives meettogether withina word.The firstone doesnt explode.Just holdthe airand leavethe time for thesound.?Act? 6、fricativesfricative consonantsare thesounds in the productionof whichthe lungspush airthrough anarrow openingwhere itcauses frictionsof variouskinds.? 二、passage?Americans thinka greatdeal abouttime.They constantlyrefer totime and the valueof keepingbusy.From childhood,they learnto valuetime,and theirlanguage reflectsthis preoupation with it.?As children,they aretaught tobe on time forevents and to dowork ontime.They learnthat theprice ofmitting acrime isto do time inprison.When they are havinga good time,they saythat timeflies;they saysadly ofsomeone whois dyingthat heis livingon borrowed time.From the time ofits beginning,American Englishhas reflectedthis preoupation with time.?Nowhere canthis senseof timebe seenmore clearlythan inthe workingplace.Working Americansare boundto the clock.It isa monlyheld beliefthat oneshould balancework againsta settime,for examplean8hour dayor a40hour week.Anything overthese timelimits is overtime,and theworker shouldreceive moremoney perhour forwork doneduring overtime.?Time duringnonworking hoursis alsoconsidered veryprecious.Whether anAmerican decideson ahectic weekendschedule,when Saturdayand Sundayare filledwith activities,or ona relaxedweekend,thetimewill beregarded asvaluable.Some Americans feel they have alove/hate relationshipwith time.They lovethe fortsthat progresshas broughtthrough work,but theyhate thebondage tothe clockandthepressures ofa time-oriented society.There islittle doubtthat many Americansfeel theyhave bee servants oftheclock.?M:What are some ofthe expressions reflecting Americanspreoupationwithtime?F:To beontime,have agoodtime,live onborrowedtimeandtodotimearesomeoftheexpressionsreflectingAmericanspreoupationwithtime.?M:What isovertime?F:Anything overan8hour dayor a40hour weekisovertime.?M:Why domanyAmericansfeeltheyhavebeeservantsoftheclock?F:It isbecause theylive ina time-oriented society.?美国人对时间想的很多，他们不断提到时间和遵守时间的重要性。 自孩童时代起，他们就学会珍惜时间，他们的语言也处处体现对时间的专注。 小的时候，他们就学习要守时，按时做功课，他们就知道犯罪要蹲监狱，他们就会用时光飞逝来形容美好的瞬间，就会用时日不多来表达对濒危之人的哀婉。 从产生的那天起，美式英语就充满对时间的表达。 ?没有哪个地方能比工作更能体现这种时间观念了。 美国的劳动者与时钟紧紧地连在一起。 人们通常相信，一个人的工作应在固定的时间内平均分配，如8小时的工作日或40小时的工作周。 只要超过这个时间界限的就是加班，工人应得到加班费。 人们很珍惜8小时之外的时间。 ?周末时间无论怎样安排都被认为是宝贵的时光，无论多么繁忙或者多么闲散。 有些人对时间是一种爱恨交加的情结。 一方面他们喜欢通过工作取得进步所带来的舒适，另一方面他们也憎恨时间的束缚和时间就是一切的社会所带来的压力。 难怪许多美国人觉得自己成了时间的奴隶。 ? 三、Writing?Family Inthe past,American familiestended tobe quitelarge.Parents raisingfive ormore childrenwere mon.Over theyears thesize ofthe familyhas decreased.One reasonfor thisis anincrease inthe costof living.?On theaverage,children attendschools formore yearsthan theyused to,making them financially dependenton theirfamilies longer.Moreover,children nowadaysare betterdressed andhave moremoney tospend onentertainment.The parentsusually takethe responsibilityfor allthe expenses.?Meanwhile,families areless closethan theyused tobe.More andmore Americanmothers workaway fromhome.The breakup ofthe familyours whenthe parentdivorce.A lotof childrenintheU.S.live partof theiryoung liveswith onlyone parent.?Broken familiesusually resultin problemsfor childrenand parentsalike.Children blamethemselves whentheir parentsseparate.They growup feelingunsettled astheyaremoved backand forthbetween parents.?Usually oneparent takesthe responsibilityfor raisingthe children.These singleparents mustcare forthe childrens emotionaland psychologicalneeds whilealso supportingthemfinancially.This isvery demandingand leavesvery littletimeforthe parents ownpersonal interests.?Single parentsoften marryother singleparents.In thistype offamily,unrelated childrenare forcedto dev