满族风俗英语.doc

Manchu customsMost of the Manchu live in the three provinces in northeast China, the most in Liaoning province.They have many customs .Now, let me introduce it detailed. 1. Living habitThe Manchu in terms of residence is very exquisite. They live house generally tall clear, for more than 1 and 3 rooms, the chimney, not from the roof of the house straight up , but built in the side of the house. It passes through the hole and the Swastika Kang . And the paper windows mostly paste outside. The 1 and 3 room form of construction, facilitate the ventilation, namely can make indoor air fresh, and can make the house to keep certain temperature. Indoors, Manchu Swastika Kang is the most characteristic. Swastika Kang , also known as turn on Kang, it is the most honorable West, offerings to our ancestors, offering ideal place. The Manchu people, guest if you sit in the West on the Kang, is impolite to the host family ancestors, great respect, the master will be unhappy, elders generally sleep in the southern Kang, while the younger generation and slept in the North kang.2. Etiquette The Manchu pay more attention to etiquette. Meet at ordinary times will do send greeting ceremony; If meet their elders, to say hello to speak, to show respect. The most solemn etiquette is holding meeting etiquette, also is the waist joint face ceremony. General friends meet, both male and female will do this ritual, said intimacy. Home generally has the Million Kang (that is, a room west, north and south, three sides is soil kang), the most distinguished kang, which used to fathers, not free to go sit. Hang flags in the Manchu is also a custom. Flag also cold a door, window. When the Spring Festival every family paste the flag hanging on the top, the window, some still labeled couplets, increase the festive atmosphere.The Manchu guest, not avoid female family members, they can participate in the activities of the guests toast. To the guest must be served in pairs, once the customer accept womens toast, you must drink dry, otherwise is considered impolite.3. FoodWith rice flour for the Manchu staple food, meat is given priority to with pork, commonly used white cook cooking methods, such as the Manchu culinary white pudding. Winter is cold and no fresh vegetables, often with pickled cabbage (namely the flavor pickled vegetable) as the main vegetables. The flavor pickled vegetable boil with white meat, after winter is mated Manchu often eat the food.When it is a festival for Ai jig paradox ( dumplings ), Lunar New Years Eve, to hand to eat grilled meat, etc. They also retained the pastry, Tang, such as Ma SA national special flavor of food.4. Era of faithThe Manchu shamanism faith. Actually, offering to god, to offer a first, with pig and pig head for the Dalai Lama. Before slaughter to go to pig ear infusion in wine, such as pig ear jitter, think that god is with accepted, it can be killed, commonly known as the brought sacrifices.5. TabooManchus most prominent taboos are no dogs, banned the consumption of dog meat, can wear the coat with fur.6. FestivalManchu and Han many festivals are the same. Mainly have the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, 27 February, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn festival. During the holiday season generally have a pearl ball, the vaulting horse, the jump camels and skating and traditional sports activities.1) Awarded golden section: Manchu Family Day celebration. In 1635 lunar calendar October 13th, Emperor Taizhong issued edicts, formally changed people Jurchen for Manchuria, which marks a new national community formation. In 1989 October, in Dandong, the first Manchu cultural and academic seminar, formally made December 3rd each year as awarded golden section. Manchu compatriots around October 13th in lunar Manchu name day spontaneously commemorated, to commemorate the birth of Manchu. But the name used is not the same, or “name day, or “birth, or “anniversary.2) Shang Yuan festival: namely the fifteenth day, commonly known as the Lantern Festival. As with the Han people, Manchu also have Yuan Xiao hanging lights and Yuan Xiao custom.3) Go all ills: Manchu womens festival. General in the 16 th. That night, the women want, far state rooms, or go rolling sand ice, or beat play, is called going all ills. 4) Tiancang Festival: annual lunar January twenty-five Manchu rural family, exquisite cooked glutinous sorghum rice, placed in the warehouse, with corn stick weaving a pony inserted in the rice bowl, means that the horse to carry food, have ample food and clothing. The first day, adds a new meal, with added three back. Also some domestic sorghum stalks do two hoes inserted in the rice. The festival has in rural northeast retained.5) February two: known as the dragon on the rise. That day morning, the people put the stove dust in the courtyard, ash bending the Yakuza, it is called long cited. Then in the courtyard of the ceremony, pray for good weather. The whole family will eat dragon beard noodles and Dragon scale cake. This day the women cant do needlework.6) Bug Wang Jie: in June day, easy to downtown pests. Living in Liaoning Province, Xiuyan, Fengcheng in the vicinity of the past in June the day, a person to a bug king temple worship, sacrifice for his pig, insect to avoid disaster, ensure the good harvest. Now dont get bug Wang Jie worship and activities, but this day every family will dry clothes and prevent insects.7) The ghost festival in July Fifteen: Manchu for the ghost festival, also considered to turn undead Halloween. At the appointed time, temple set up throughout the dojo, randeng Buddhist sutras, to be held in a variety of rites. Hospital on the west side to the East, placed a wooden screen, the screen is hung on the branches of Celosia cristata, soybean, fresh lotus root, for the use of rabbit. Screen before a square table, table for a large cake. This period the ginseng will be worshiped in their own places of worship.8) Virgins day: Manchu people in every autumn after the Mid-Autumn festival, or lunar mid-September (specific time indefinite) for collecting herbs and obtain the abundant harvest blessing activities. In the past year, founder of the Manchu village northeast section is to face Changbai Mountain, blessing prayer, thank the god to give the gift to the herbs, and the period of ginseng to pick which is in our own shrine.9) Laba Festival: Manchu people in December 8 Manchu to soak rice vinegar” and meat cooked laba. In addition to the family to eat must be sent to friends and relatives7. DressSay to the Chinese dress, people tend to take it and women together. In fact, the Chinese dress is a very typical Manchu of clothing, it not only to women in scope. Chinese dress, because it is banners (also called the changing of the Manchu people) wears a robe, so later called cheongsam.The Manchu men to wear the Cheongsam, its style and structure is simple, round, DaJin brought, narrow sleeve, all around an open, belt buckles bond. The Manchu women a cheongsam, from style to work are very exquisite. In the Chinese dress collars, skirt, sleeve edge the place such as the set with several road HuaTiao or color tooth son, with some even lane 18 garment is a beauty. The Chinese dress style later has undergone some changes, an open from all changed to two sides; Hem by wide also changed to convergence; Cuff by narrow also get fat, and by fat thin, make it look more fit. Now a cheongsams already not limited to Manchu women, it has become the