英语动词时态讲解教案.docx

英语动词时态讲解（共5课时）一：总述：动词的构成（5种）与时态（8种）二：分述：动词的构成1. be 动词 1) be动词的几种形式:am is are was were being Been2) 与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用1) I am a doctor.2) He is ten.3) They are tired.4) The cat is under the table.3) There be 句型用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前There is a pen on the desk.There is some water in the glass.用于复数名词之前There are some sheep in the hill.用于一般将来时There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday.用于一般过去时There was a book on the desk yesterday.注意：请根据时态和句中的名词选择适当形式。4) Be 动词在时态中的运用在现在进行时中 We are talking.在过去进行时中 We were talking at this time yesterday2. 助动词1)几种形式1. do /dont 2. Does/ doesnt3. Did/ didnt4. will /wont5. have havent /has hasnt/had hadnt2) 对句子进行否定和疑问1) Do you get up early every day?2) I didnt have lunch yesterday.3) Will you be back soon?4) He hasnt finished the work yet.在反意疑问句中5) He works in a school, doesnt he?6) She has never been there,has she?在倒装句中7) They helped the farmers , so did we.8) I wont visit the famous singer,neither will he.3. 情态动词共同特点:情态动词后面跟动词原型，无论否定、疑问、倒装句、或反意疑问句都用情态动词只有时态变化，没有人称变化。解释:can / could 在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换， could比can语气更委婉。Can I help you? Could you open the window?在表示有能力作某事时，could是can的过去式。I can swim. I could swim at the age of five.Must /have to Must 表示主观意愿，否定句用Mustnt，否定回答用neednt I must go now. You mustnt play in the street. Must I clean the room now? No,you neednt.have to表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”，它有时态和人称变化，需要助动词来否定和疑问。I dont have to carry the big box. He had to wash his clothes.May 表示请求别人允许。May I use your bike?表示可能性。 He may be a teacher. He may live in this building.4. 系动词我们所学过的系动词是1. Get，turn，be come，be动词2. 感观动词look，sound，smell，taste，feel系动词只和形容词连用，构成系表结构3. I feel hungry.4. The day gets longer and longer.5. He looked happy.5. 实义动词实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。做谓语动词的用法： 动词会有四种形式：单三，现在分词，过去式，过去分词注意：掌握四种形式的变化规律1) He works in the office.2) We are dancing together.3) I caught a cold last week.4) She has watered the flower.做非谓语动词的用法（指出现在谓语动词之后的动词，它受前面谓语动词的限制）动词会有三种形式：1) 原型(do)2) 动名词(doing)3) 不定式(to do)1）用原型：let sb.do make sb.do help sb.(to)do had better do2）用动名词：like doing enjoy doing finish doing介词之后用动名词 be good at doing what about doing thank you for doing 3）用不定式：want to do decide to do plan to do would like to dolearn to do tell sb.( not)to do ask sb.(not) to don 注意下列词不同形式的不同用法: remember doing/to do forget doing/to do stop doing/to do go on doing/to do动词的时态一一般现在时表示一般情况和经常发生的动作。时间状语为1. every day 或 every 引导的时间状语2. often，always，usually3. 动词碰到第三人称单数时，要加 “s” work - works辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry - carries以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加“es”，如wash - washesgo - goes do - does have - has4. 例句：He goes to school on foot every day.We often have supper at home.She doesnt do her work every Sunday.二一般将来时1.表示将来发生的动作。2.时间状语： 5. next 引导的词组6. tomorrow 引导的词组7. the day after tomorrow3.动词变化：will + 动词原型4.例句I will visit you tomorrow. He wont come back next week.三一般过去时1.指过去发生的动作或事情2.时间状语：1） yesterday 引导的词组2） ago 引导的词组3） last 引导的词组4） the day before yesterday3. 动词变化：动词变成过去式，动词加“ed” Play - played辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry - carried重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加ed stop - stopped不规则动词见书后动词表4. 例句1) He bought a book yesterday.2) I watched a match last week.3) He left here two days ago.四现在进行时：1.表示正在发生的动作。2.时间状语：now /Look /Listen 3.由be动词动词ing构成4.动词变化加ing clean - cleaning以不发音“e”结尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ing make - making重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加ing swim - swimming5.例句1) The boys are playing now.2) Look! They are planting trees.3) Listen! He is singing.五现在完成时 1. 动词变化 动词变成过去分词加ed Play - played辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry - carried重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加ed stop - stopped不规则动词见书后动词表2. 动词由have（has）+ 过去分词 构成表示动作已经完成 He has left . I have already had a rest.表示动作不仅已经完成，还要持续（在这个用法当中，动词要用延续性动词，与for引导的一段时间和since引导的短语连用）He has been away for two days. I have already taught in this school since 1990.The bird has been dead for a month.We have made lots of friends since we came here.六过去进行时1. 指在过去的某一个时间正在发生的动作。2. 时间状语1) at this time yesterday2) at five oclock yesterday afternoon3. 动词由be动词+动词ing形式构成4. 例句：He was watching TV at this time yesterday.七过去将来时1. 指对过去的某一个时间来讲，将要发生的动作。2. 动词由would+动词原型构成。3. 例句：He would go to the park the ne