7B Unit2知识点梳理及练习

7(B)Unit2知识点梳理及练习一、 重点词汇单词neighbour n. 邻居= neighbornotice n. 布告，通知wow excl. 哇，呀below adv. &prep. 在下面shall modal v. (过去式should)将，将会better adj. &adv. （good, well的比较级）较好，更好will modal v. (过去式would)将，将会anything pron. 任何事like prep. 像，相似，类似problem n. 问题waiter n. （餐馆等的）服务员visitor n. 访问者，参观者neighbourhood n. 街区= neighborhoodcommunity n. 社区；社团helpful adj. 愿意帮忙的；有用的skill n. 技能，某物social adj. 社会的check vt. 检查；核实something prop. 某事someone pron. 某人broken adj. 弄坏了的；伤残的anyone pron. 任何人fix vt. 修理；安装；使固定lucky adj. 幸运的college n. 学院office n. 办公室fire n. 火station n. 局，所，站manager n. 经理job n. 工作policeman n. 警察artist n. 艺术家，（尤指）画家postman n. 邮递员sick adj. 生病的；恶心的company n. 公司information n. 信息elder adj. 年纪较长的 n. 年长者group n. 组，群post n. 邮政person n. 人future n. 将来sound linking v. 听起来词组1、visit our new neighbours 拜访我们的新邻居20、need some help 需要一些帮助2、in City Garden 在城市公园21、decide to do sth 决定做某事3、in Ninth Street 在第九大街22、be late 迟到4、in your neighbourhood 在你们街区23、plan a day out 计划一天外出5、most of them 他们中的绝大多数24、the day after tomorrow 后天6、be kind and helpful 友善并乐于助人25、make a fire 生火7、help echo other 互相帮助26、the positive/negative sentences 肯定/否定句8、be ready to do sth 乐意做某事27、the simple future tense 一般将来时9、really nice 十分好28、the Saturday afternoon 本周六下午10、help old people 帮助老人29、look at the information below 看下面的信息11、do some shopping 买东西30、feel well 感到康复了12、be lucky to do sth 很幸运做某事31、these days 这些日子13、a community centre 社区中心32、make you feel better 使你感觉更好14、social worker 社会福利工作者33、help with your problems 帮你解决问题15、share their different skills 分享他们不同的技能34、worry about 为担心16、all kinds of problems 各种各样的问题35、design your home 设计你的家17、something wrong 某物坏了36、know a lot about 知道很多关于18、be broken 坏了37、give sb some ideas 给某人一些想法（建议）19、help sb with sth 帮助某人解决某种困难38、on his blog 在他的博客上二、重要句型1、Where are you going? 你要到哪儿去？go 可以用进行时态来表示将来的动作。如：He is going to Paris. 他要去巴黎了。拓展类似的词还有come, go, leave, move等。如：Look! The bus is coming. 看！公共汽车就快来了。Im leaving. Bye! 我要走了，再见。Were moving to Beijing. 我们就要看搬到北京去了。2、Im going to visit our new neighbours. 我打算去拜访我们的新邻居。be going to 表示将来，后接动词原形，be随主语而变化。be going to 句型一般指“经过计划安排之后准备做某事”。如：Zhang Hua is going to study abroad next year. 张华明年准备出国留学。Shes going to visit Nanjing this summer. 这个暑假她打算游览南京。3、Im afraid they wont welcome visitors like you. 恐怕他们不会欢迎像你这样的旅客。1)afraid 作形容词，意为“害怕的” ，常有以下几种用法：be afraid +that引导的从句，注意后面跟的是句子，表示“担心、恐怕”之意，是一种委婉的语气。如We are all afraid that Jack cant come here on time.我们都很担心杰克不能按时来。be afraid of sth/doing sth 表示“怕；担心”。如：The little girl is afraid of going out at night. 这个小姑娘害怕在夜间外出。例题：The little girl was afraid on the wooden bridge.A.walk B.walks C.of walk D.of walkingbe afraid to do sth 表示“怕”之意。如：Isnt he afraid to die? 难道他不怕死吗？Im afraid not.恐怕不能。表示“认为对方所说的事情不会发生”的意思，是一种委婉的否定。常用在单项选择的对话中。例题：（2014重庆）Will you be back before 10 oclock? The exam wont be over until eleven.AI hope not. B.Here you are. C.Im afraid not. D.Best wishes. 2)like做介词主要有以下两个意思：像；My brother looks like my father.我弟弟长得像我父亲。（指人或事物的品质、特点）像样What is America like？美国怎么样？例题：What your daughter ? Shes very pretty a film star.A.does;likes;likes B.is;like;like C.does;like;like D.is;like;likes4、Most of them have 14 floors. 它们大多数有14层。most 作形容词，意为“大多数，大部分”，修饰名词。如：Most students are good at Chinese. 大多数学生擅长汉语。most 作代词，意为“大多数，大部分”，此时可以和of搭配。但most of 后面若跟名词，名词前需要定冠词、指示代词或物主代词修饰；most of 后若跟代词，应该跟宾格。如：Most of the people singing are women. 唱歌的人之中，大部分是妇女。Most of them are teachers. 他们中的大多数是教师。most 作副词，意为“最”。I like this magazine most. 我最喜欢这本杂志。5、They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。Help sb with sth 意为“帮助某人解决某种困难”，相当于help sb (to) do sth。 如：He often helps me with my maths. = He often helps me to learn maths. 他经常帮我学习数学。拓展help的常见短语：help sb with sth =意为“帮助某人做某事”。cant/couldnt help doing sth 意为“禁不住做某事”。如：She cant help crying.她忍不住哭了。help oneself to 意为“随便吃”。如：（可以作为拓展，上课不要作为重点，因为学生还没有学过反身代词）Help yourself to some fish, children. 孩子们，随便吃点鱼。help sb (to) do sth 意为“帮助某人做某事”。I often help my mother to clean the room. 我经常帮助我的妈妈打扫房间。6、Theres something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑坏了。Something 的基本意思是“某物，某事”，主要用于肯定句中，否定句或疑问句中通常用anything。有时为了表示一种较肯定的意味或提出申请等，something也可用于非肯定句中。注意：something用于主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，其相应的代词也用单数形式；something有形容词修饰时，定语应后置。如：Something is wrong with the TV. 这台电视出了毛病了。I have something important to tell you. 我有些重要的事要告诉你。Would you like something to eat? 你想要吃什么东西吗？7、My cousin Annies bicycle is broken, so shes going to ask someone to fix it.我表妹安妮的自行车坏了，因此打算请人修它。本句是由并列连词so 连接的并列句，so意为“因此；所以”。如：Jack was ill, so he didnt go to school. 杰克病了，因此没有去上学。broken作形容词，意为“弄坏了的；伤残的”，broken 常用于器皿、玻璃、钟表等。如：Whats the time? 什么时间了？I dont know, my watch is broken. 我不知道，我的表坏了。I think the doorbell must be brokenI didnt hear anything. 我想门铃一定是坏了我没有听见任何声音。fix用作动词，意为“修理，使固定”，与repair同义。如：Can this computer be fixed here? 这台电脑可以修吗？I must get the MP5 fixed. 我必须找人把台MP5修理好。拓展：break down （机器、车辆等）发生故障，特别需要注意的是，这里必须使用主动语态。例题：(2012无锡）The old computer (break) down easily,so I had to restart it again and again.8、Youre lucky to have a community centre like that, Simon. 西蒙，你很幸运能有像这样的社区。 lucky作形容词，意为“幸运的”，在句中常作定语和表语。它的名词形式为luck，它的副词形式为luckily。如：I was lucky enough to meet Li Ping there . 我很幸运在那儿遇到李平。He is really a lucky dog. 他真是个幸运的家伙。Good luck! Best wishes! 祝你好运！Luckily, Mr Zhang is here and can give you a hand. 好在张老师在这里，可以帮你一把。例题：(2012湖州)The little girl was very （幸运的）to get a free ticket to Disneyland.9、That sounds like a good idea. 那听起来像是好主意。sound用作连系动词，意为“听起来”。sound like 意为“听起来像”。如：（感官动词的五大类都需要补充一下，很快就会接触到）That sounds good. 这话听起来很好。How sweet her voice sounds! 她的声音多甜啊！But it sounds like there is something wrong with the machine. 听起来好像这机器出了问题。The idea sounds like fun. 这个主意听起来很有趣。Thats a good idea. 适用于表示同意别人的建议。表示“那是个好主意。”、如：Lets have a rest and find something to eat. 让我休息一下，找点吃的吧！Thats a good idea. 那是个好主意。10、Please look at the information below. 请看下面的信息。information 是不可数名词，意为“信息”，a piece of information 意为“一条信息”。如：Can you give me any information about the meeting? 你能给我提供这次会议的信息吗？below在这里用作副词，意为“在下面；向下”。如：See the note below. 看下面的注解。The officer ordered them to go below. 军官命令他们下去。below用作介词时，意为“在以下”。如：There stands a chair below the window. 窗户下有一把椅子。At night, the temperature will fall below zero again. 在夜里温度将又下降到零度以下。特别强调：below可以用于计量单位或刻度，表示“低于，在以下”；同理，above也可用于计量单位或刻度，表示“高于，在以上”；例题：（2015苏州）In cold winter,the temperature in Harbin often remains zero all day.A.above B.below C.over D.under11、They will make you feel better! 他们将使你感觉好些！Better可以用作形容词或副词，它是good, well的比较级，意为“较好，更好”。如：There must be a better way to do this. 一定有更好的方法做这件事。He can speak English a lot better than I can. 他讲的英语比我好多了。I think I like the red one better. 我想我更喜欢红色的那个。12、Are you worrying about what to wear to a party or how to design your home?你正担心穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计你的家吗?worry不及物动词，意为“担心；发愁”，常与about连用，表示“为而担心”。如：My parents often worry about my maths. 我父母经常担心我的数学。拓展worry作及物动词，意为“使担心；使发愁”。如：His carelessness worries me. 他的粗心叫我担心。联想worried作形容词，意为“担心的；着急的”。如：Dont be worried about me . I will work hard. 别担心我，我会努力的。be worried about=worry about例题The boy is lost.His parents are him.A.worrying B.worried about C.worry about D.worried forwhat to wear to a party 穿什么去聚会；how to design your home如何设计你的家。它们是“疑问句+to+动词原因”结构，在句中常用作宾语、主语或表语。如：I dont know how to get there. 我不知道如何到那儿。The question is where to buy the dictionary. 问题是到哪儿去买这本字典。三、核心语法（一）一般将来时的概念及主要结构：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况，常和表示将来时间的短语连用，如：tomorrow, next week, next month, the day after tomorrow, in the future, in a few days 等。一般将来时的主要结构：will+动词原形；shall（用于第一人称）+动词原形；be going to +动词原形。（二）will/shall的句式及用法：1、句式结构肯定及否定句式：I/We will (not)/shall (not) go.You/They/He/She/It will(not) go.疑问句式及回答：Will/Shall I/We go? Will you/they/he/she/it go?Yes,I/We will/shall. Yes,I/we/they/he/she/it will.No,I/we will/shall not. No,I/we/they/he/she/it will not.注意：I wil/shall=Ill,但是当回答只有Yes，I will/shall的时候，不可缩写。I will not=I wont;I shall not=I shant。同理，其他人称也是一样。2、will和shall的用法 （1）表示纯粹的将来，任何人称后都可用will。 He will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow.他明天将到达上海。 We wont/shant be busy this evening.今晚我们不忙。例题：Mr Wang left for Guangzhou yesterday.He a speech there in two days.A.gives B.gave C.will give D.give（2）表示征求对方意见或询问情况，第一人称用shall，第二、三人称用will。Shall I open the door?我能开门吗？Will you come to the evening party？你回来参加晚会吗？（三）be going to 的句式及用法1、句式结构肯定及否定句式I am (not) going to have a party tomorrow.You /We/ They are (not) going to have a party tomorrow.He/She/It is (not) going to have a party tomorrow.疑问句式及回答Am IAre you/we/they going to have a party tomorrow?Is he/she/it Yes,I am. No,Im not.Yes,you/we/they are. No,you/we/they arent.Yes,he/she/it is. No,he/she/it isnt.例题： do your homework after school?Yes,I am.A. Will you B.Are you going to C.Do you D.Are you going2、be going to+动词原形的用法（1）这一结构常常表示“打算做某事”。如：Are you going to post this letter by air mail? 你打算用航空快递投寄这封信吗？（2）另外，还可以表示预见，即“现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将要发生的某种情况”。如：I feel too tired. I think I am going to be ill. 我感觉太累了。我想我可能要生病了。例题：(2014丽水)Hurry up！The sky is covered with black clouds.Im afraid it .A.rains B.is going to rain C.rained D.was raining特别强调there be句型的一般将来时例题1：(2014南充)There a sports meeting in our school next week.A.will have B.is going to have C.are going to be D.is going to be解析：there be句型是本身就是“有”的意思，所以不可与have连用；当表示“将会有”的意思时，有两种表示方法，一种是there will be，另一种是there is/are going to be,即在there和be之间添加will或者is/are going to，其他地方不变。is还是are取决于后面所接名词的单复数。例题2：(2014泰安) Why are you in such a hurry,John? There an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.A.will be B.was C.would be D.has been一、单项选择（共20小题，每题1分，共计20分）（ ）1. Daniel wants to be _teacher, and I want to work as _engineer.A. a; aB. an; aC. a; anD. /; /（ ）2. I am afraid they dont like friends _you. A. asB. likeC. ofD. with（ ）3. There _ some social workers and a computer engineer in their community centre.A. isB. areC. beD. have（ ）4. In my free time, I often _my brother _maths.A. help ; inB. will help, withC. help ; withD. will help ; in（ ）5. There is _wrong with you. You are just too fat.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing（ ）6. At weekends, some college students _help people with all kinds of problems.A. is ready toB. get ready forC. are ready forD. are ready to（ ）7. Next week, the students in Class 1, Grade 7_some shopping for old people.A. are going to doB. will doC. doD. are doing（ ）8. -_will you finish reading these books?-In about two weeks.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soonD. When（ ）9. -_you ready _help people in need?-Sure.A. Do; toB. Are; toC. Are ; forD. Do; for（ ）10. -_you find _to help me with my computer.?-No problem.A. Can; someoneB. May; someoneC.Can; anyoneD. May; anyone（ ）11. -Simon, you really do well in computers.-_.A. No, I am not good at itB. Thank you C. Yes, I do D. Are you joking?（ ）12.In the library, the librarian always asks us _.A. to shoutB. not to shoutC. shoutingD. not shouting （ ）13.There _ a sports meeting this month in our school.A.will be going toB.will going to beC. is going to beD.will go to be()14.Jackson _ here next month.A.isnt working B. doesnt workC.isnt going to work D. wont work()15.He _ very busy this week; he _ free next week.A. will be; isB. is; isC. will be; will beD.is; will be()16. I dont like this house _.A.allB.forC.at allD. all at()17 _ you _ free tomorrow? Sorry, I _ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are; going to; willB.Are ;going to be; willC.Are; going to; will beD.Are going to be; will be()18.My grandma _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will givesB.will give C. givesD. give()19. Shall I buy a cup of coffee for you? _.Im not thirstyA. No, you wontB. No, you arentC. No. thanksD. No, please()20. Its hard for Daniel and _to work without a car.A. I to goB. me to goC. I goingD. me going二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面一封信，掌握其大意，然后从3645各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。A fox is 21 food. He is very hungry. Now he 22 near a wall. The wall is very 23 .The fox is looking up. He sees 24 fine grapes 25 the wall. He smiles and says, “ 26 nice they are! I want to eat them. nice they are! I want to at them.” The fox is jumping. He jumps and jumps, 27 the wall is too high. He 28 get the grapes. The fox says “I must go now. I dont like those grapes. 29 are green. They are not 30 to eat. ”( ) 21.A. seeingB. finding out C. looking forD. finding( ) 22.A. getsB. comes C. goesD. stands( ) 23.A. muchB. small C. strongD. high( ) 24.A. a littleB. few C. muchD. a lot of( ) 25.A. inB. onC. atD. for( ) 26.A. WhatB. How C. What aD. How a( ) 27.A. andB. orC. butD. where( ) 28.A. cantB. can C. hasntD. isnt( ) 29.A. WeB. ItC. YouD. They( ) 30.A. badB. good C. hardD. better三、选词填空（每题1分，共5分）are going to; in the future; kind and helpful; is always ready to; interested; interesting