动名词的用法课件

WELCOME ModuleOne 语法点的讲练 动名词 Grammar 3 什么是非谓语动词啊 非谓语非谓语 就是不是谓语的动词呗 那不是谓语是什么呢 谓语 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态 它有人称 数 时态和语态的变化 e g Heworks Hetakescareofthebaby HewillgotoShanghai Hedidn tgotoShanghai HehasgonetoShanghai Youarestudents Youlooksmart 单谓语或动词短语 情态动词 助动词 v 系动词 表语 概念 非谓语动词 是动词的特殊形式 在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 一个句子当中 已经存在一个主句 谓语动词 又没有连词的情况下 其它动词需用非谓语动词形式 使用条件 Eg Shegotoffthebus leftherhandbagonherseat Shegotoffthebus butleavingherhandbagonherseat leaving left 非谓语动词 动名词 分词 现在分词 过去分词 动词不定式 动名词的定义 它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式 基本形式为 v ing 动名词具有名词的性质 因此在句中可以做主语 表语 宾语 定语等 动名词有时态和语态的变化 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式 以write为例 注意 动名词的否定形式是 notwriting nothavingwritten V ing形式的构成方式 1 在一般情况下 在动词原形后直接加词尾 ing eg go going do doing ask asking read readingstudy studying carry carrying fly flying worry worrying 2 在以不发音的e结尾的动词后 去掉e 再加 ing e cominglive livingdance dancingmake making3 在闭音节的单音节动词后 以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词 而末尾只有一个辅音字母时 将这个辅音字母双写 x除外 然后再加 ing sit sitting run running begin beginning forget forgetting4 在少数几个以 ie结尾的动词后 须将 ie变作y 再加 ing 这些动词词典一般均注明 eg die dying tie tyinglie lying 动名词能在句中充当什么成分 动名词的基本用法 用作主语所表动作比较抽象 或者泛指习惯性的动作 Playingwithfireisdangerous 泛指 Toplaywithfireinthisroomisveryfangerous 表具体一次动作 Climbingmountainsisreallyfun 注意 动名词做主语 有时先用it作形式主语 把动名词置于句末 这种用法在习惯句型中常用 1 Itisnouse good useless doing 2 Itisawasteoftime doing 3 Itisfun doing 在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语 It snousecryingoverspiltmilk 覆水难收 Thereisnojokingaboutthematter Itisfunplayingwithchildren 和孩子们一起玩真好 2 用作宾语 1 作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语 不能用不定式 常见的此类动有 advise allow permit avoid consider enjoy appreciate dislike finish imagine include keep keepon mind miss delay practise resist suggest giveup cannothelpdependon thinkabout setabout succeedin worryabout burstout insiston can tstand beusedto getusedto devote to lookforwardto payattentionto getdownto等 如 1 Thebankstronglyresistedcuttinginterestrates 2 ItisbetterforyoutopractisespeakingEnglisheveryday Ifounditpleasantwalkingalongtheseashore 在海滩上走真是乐事 为了便于记忆 特归纳如下 后跟 ing的动词的顺口溜 避免 错过 少 延期建议 完成 多 练习喜欢 想象 禁不住承认 否定 又 妒忌逃避 冒险 多 原谅忍受 保持 不 介意 avoid miss postpone putoff suggest finish practice enjoy imagine can thelp admit deny envy escape risk excuse stand keep mind 2 作介词的宾语Wearethinkingofmakinganewplanforthenextterm 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划 Shallwehavearestorgetdownto do ourwork 我们休息呢还是开始干活 Despitetheylackmoney hisparentssenthimtoagooduniversity Hewaslateagainbecauseof get uplate Lockthedoorsandwindowsbeforegoout What Howaboutthetwoofus play games doing lacking getting going playing 注意 to在下列短语中是介词 常跟动名词作宾语 be getusedtolookforwardtogetdowntopayattentiontodevoteoneselftoleadtocontributetoobjectto 反对 turntoseetosticktoEg 1 Let sgetdowntopreparingfortheexam 2 Mostofusknowweshouldcutdownonfat butknowingsuchthingsisn tofmuchhelpwhenitcomestoshopandeat shopping eating 动名词用在下列词组后作宾语 giveup can thelp feellike beworth bebusy setabout putoff thinkof insiston等1 Shecan thelpcryingatthesadsight 试比较 IamsobusyandIcan thelpcleantheroomnow 2 Doyoufeellikehavingabreak 试比较 Iwouldliketohaveacupofteanow 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有 1 意思相同的动词 likehatebeginstartcontinueintendpreferloveEgItcontinuedraining torainhard 2 意思发生变化的有 1 remember forget regret todo动作尚未发生 doing动作已经发生 2 try todo设法 努力去做 尽力 doing试试去做 看有何结果 3 mean todo打算做 主语一般是人 doing意味着 主语一般是物 4 stop goon todo停下去做另外一件事 doing停止做手头的事情 Hetried stand upbutfailed Let stry tell himaboutthesadnews 2 Iregret tell youthatIcannotcome Ireallyregret miss hislecture 3 Imeant buy somebread butIforgot Wastingtimemeans kill life 4 Iforgot wake himupthismorning Heforgot turn thelightoffandwentbacktohaveacheck 5 Shallwegoon discuss thenextquestionofinsurance Afterashortrest hewenton write thesameletter 6 Pleaseremember give mybestregardstoyourfamily tostand telling totell missing havingmissed tobuy killing towake turning havingturned todiscuss writing 5 need require want作 需要 解时 后接动词 ing形式作宾语 主动形式表示被动意义 相当于tobedone 如 Theradioneeds requires wantsrepairing toberepaired 另外 deservedoing tobedoneEg 1 Suchatroublemakerdeservestobepunished punishing 2Whoeverhasdonesuchathingdeservestobefiredfromourclubsoonerorlater 3 动名词做表语 解释前面的名词1 Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask 2 WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughtedat 3 HerfirstdelightwasgoingtotheTower 4 动名词做定语 awalkingstick astickwhichisusedforwalkingAwashingmachine amachineforwashingAreadingroom aroom 动名词的逻辑主语及复合结构Wouldyoumind 我开窗户吗 Wouldyoumindmy meopeningthewindow my me称为动名词的逻辑主语 Ican tunderstandJack Jack sleavinghiswife Ican tunderstandhis himleavinghiswife Jack s Hisleavinghiswifeisunbelievable 动名词的逻辑主语 动名词 动名词的复合结构 动名词的几个注意事项 动名词的复合结构 动名词前可以加一个物主代词或名词所有格来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语 构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语1 形容词性物主代词 名词所有格 动名词在句中作主语 宾语 Mary scominglatemadeherteacherangry Doyoumindmysmoking Doyoumindmyreadingyourpaper Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous Rose sgoingwon tbeofmuchhelp 2 人称代词宾格 名词 动名词在句中作宾语 I msureofhimcomingontime Hehasneverheardofawomanbeingapilot Idon tmindJack him going Shehatesyoungpeople them smoking 2 动名词的被动形式 beingdoneTheofficersnarrowlyescaped kill inthehotbattle 3 动名词的否定形式 notdoingnothavingdoneYouwillbepunishedfornotfinishingyourhomeworkontime beingkilled 1 Thenewsthatourteamhadbeendefeatedwasdisappointed 2 Lucydoesn tmindtolendyouherMP3 3 Aftertakehismeasure theydecidedtogivehimtheposition 4 IstillremembertakentoShanghaiwhenIwasachild disappointing lending taking being Correctthemistakesineachsentence 5 Iamnotusedtobespokentolikethat 6 Wewouldappreciatetohearfromyousoon 7 Peoplesometimescan thelptobuysomethingtheywon tneed 8 IcanhardlyimaginePetersailsacrosstheriver 9 Tonywasveryunhappyforhavingnotbeeninvitedtotheparty being hearing buying sailing nothaving 选择题 1 Mywatchneeds butIhavenotimetogo