英语高一上学期期中复习1.doc

1 课题 英语高一上学期期中复习 英语高一上学期期中复习 1 语法填空 语法填空 课时 重难点 重点重点 高考词汇的应用及篇章的理解高考词汇的应用及篇章的理解 难点难点 词形的转换及语法应用词形的转换及语法应用 语法填空语法填空 I 语法填空题型分析语法填空题型分析 课程标准 中明确规定 高中学生应该学习和掌握的英语语言基础知识包括语音 词汇 语法 功能和话题等五方面的内容 为了贯彻 课程标准 的精神 试卷中仍应 保留专门考查语法知识运用的内容 而为了提高考试的科学性 从语篇层次考查考生对 所学语法知识运用情况 语篇型语法填空题的形式为 在一篇 200 词左右的语篇 短文或对话 中留出 10 处空 白 部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式 要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容 或所提供单词的正确形式 所填写词语不得多于 3 个单词 考生须灵活运用语法知识 如单词词性 动词时态 名词单复数 连接词 代词 冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内 容 II 语法填空解题流程语法填空解题流程 1 通读全文 在通读全文的过程中 可跳过空格 只要明白短文大意即可 同时 还应抓住文章的 脉络 掌握了脉络也就清楚了作者的思路 对体会上下文之间的关系和迅速解题大有帮 助 2 初定答案 了解大意后 考生便可以开始填空了 在填每个空格时 要尽量顺着出题者的出题 思路 根据行文逻辑 初步给出每个题的答案 对于一时无法确定的答案先放一放 3 寻找线索 解答语法填空题时 必须从整篇语篇入手 通篇考虑 前制性线索 从上文中找 后制性线索 从下文中找 语篇性线索 从上下文中找 回头补缺 在答题时 如果有的空格一时做不出来 应立刻跳过空格 继续往下做 随着空格 变得越来越少 对文章的理解也越来越轻松 有时就能从下文的线索和暗示中找到答案 核实答案 题目填完后 考生应用 1 至 2 分钟的时间将答案带入原文通读 通读的目的是通 过 语感 来核实答案 如果发现明显不符合上下文逻辑答案应立即核实 重新确定答 案 语法填空题型分类指导语法填空题型分类指导 纯空格试题的解题技巧 1 名词前是空格 前无限定词 考虑填冠词或物主代词 典例 1 2013 广东高考语法填空 In the beginning there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world 分析 very small amount 是名词短语 其中心词是名词 amount 数量 前用不定冠词 是一个固定短语 空格处应为冠词 a 典例 2 It is said that a short tempered man in the Song Dynasty 960 1279 was very anxious to 2 help rice crop grow up quickly 分析 名词 rice crop 前还没有限定词 应当填限定词 根据句意 这个急性子人当 然是急于使 他的 禾苗长得快 故填形容词性物主代词 his 2 名词或代词前面是空格 而该名词或代词在句中不作主语 表语 也不作动词 的宾语时 很可能是填介词 典例 1 2012 广东高考语法填空 The new boy looked at the teacher 23 a few seconds 分析 a few seconds 前是空格 且 a few seconds 不作主语或表语 也不作动词的 宾语 表示某个动词或状态延续了多久 用 for 时间段 故此题应填介词 for 典例 2 who should have the honour of receiving me a guest in their house 分析 因为 a guest 在句中不作主语 表语或动词的宾语 前面一定是填介词 使其 成为该介词的宾语 又由句意可知 他们 把我当作客人 来接待 表示 当作 用介词 as 3 句子缺主语 空格后无提示词 考虑用人称代词主格 句子缺宾语 空格后无 提示词 考虑用人称代词宾格 句子缺宾语 空格后无提示词 句中动词不涉及其 他对象 考虑用反身代词 典例 1 2012 广东高考语法填空 Then he took 25 off gave a big smile and said That s cool 分析 代替前面的 those glasses 作 took off 的宾语 用人称代词的宾格 them I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to and gets there almost in a second 分析 and 连接前后两个句子 and 后面的句子缺主语 应填名词或代词 结合前一 分句 不难推知 马上可到达那里 的是 the message 替代 the message 用代词 it 4 若两句 一个主谓关系算一个句子 之间没有连词 也没有分号或句号 一定是填 并列连词或从属连词 如果是从属连词 要确定是哪种从句 高考语法填空常考的 有状语从句和定语从句 其次是名词性从句 典例 1 2012 广东高考语法填空 20 he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back he was wrong 分析 因为 he thought 与 he was wrong 是两个句子 且两者之间没有关联词 必 定是填关联词 根据两句之间的逻辑关系 应填表示假设的 If 如果 提示词为动词的解题技巧 1 若句中没有别的谓语动词 或者虽然已有谓语动词 但需填的动词与之是并列 关系时 所给动词就是谓语动词 若是谓语动词 就要考虑时态 语态和语气 2013 广东高考语法填空 Suddenly he 16 find that he had run out of salt 分析 在主格人称代词 he 后 显然是作谓语 又因为整篇文章介绍的是发生在过去 的事情 故用 found 2 若句中已有谓语动词 又不是并列谓语时 所给动词就是非谓语动词 若是非 谓语动词就要确定用 v ing 形式 v ed 形式 还是用不定式形式 确定的方法主要有 1 作伴随状语 常用分词 与逻辑主语是主动关系 用现在分词 是被动关系 用 过去分词 3 课堂任务表课堂任务表 任务明细备注 语法填空练习语法填空练习 Passage 1 One day Mary was working in her office in London 1 she received an E mail from her friend Joan In Joan s e mail she persuaded Mary 2 look for a flat in London for her As she had 3 little money at her command than before the flat had to be cheap but it had to be modern with elevators gas lines It had to be in the 4 east part of London with petrol and subway stations nearby Though Mary found 5 difficult to find such a flat she still went from one block to another looking for a flat 6 would meet Joan s requirements Having tried too many times Mary met her boss and politely asked him 7 advice It 8 happen that the boss just had such a flat for rent so they quickly reached 9 agreement But to her surprise when she e mailed Joan 10 tell her the good news Joan said that she had changed her mind she was not returning to London Passage 2 2013 广东高考语法填空 but everyone added a little always 25 think that it was only small and not very important and look where we have ended up today 分析 因句中已有谓语动词 added 动词 think 前又没有并列连词 即 think 不是并列 谓语 它应是非谓语动词 作状语 表示伴随情况 又因 he 与 think 是主动关系 故用现在分词 thinking 2 作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语 一般用不定式 3 作主语或宾语 通常用ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况 用不定式表示具体的情况 3 若所缺词作主语 在及物动词或介词后作宾语或在冠词 形容词性物主代词后 用名词形式 提示词为其他词类的解题技巧 根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式 具体方法有 1 提示词是形容词 且位于句首 句末 动词前后 形容词前后或副词前后 应考 虑填入副词 2 提示词如果是形容词或副词 有可能是考查其比较等级 3 提示词为动词或名词 空格处作主语 在及物动词或介词后作宾语 用名词形式 4 A selfish fox once invited a stork 鹳 to dinner at his home under a big tree That evening the stork flew to the fox s home and knocked on the door with her long beak 喙 The fox opened the door and said Please come in and share dinner 1 me The stork 2 ask to sit down at the table She was very hungry and 3 food smelled delicious The fox served soup in shallow bowls and he licked up all his soup very quickly 4 the stork could not have any of it as the bowl was too shallow for her long beak The poor stork just smiled 5 polite and stayed hungry The selfish fox asked Stork 6 haven t you taken your soup Don t you like it The stork replied It was very kind of you 7 invite me for dinner Tomorrow evening please join me for dinner at my home The next day 8 the fox arrived at the stork s home he saw that they were also having soup for dinner 9 was served in tall jugs 罐 The stork drank the soup easily but the fox couldn t reach inside the tall jug This time it was 10 turn to go hungry Passage 3 Are you facing a situation that looking impossible to fix In 1969 the pollution is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland Ohio It 1 be unimaginable that it could be ever be cleaned up The rive was so polluted that it 2 actual caught fire and burned Now years later this rive is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup But the river wasn t changed in a few days 4 even a few months It took years of work 5 reduce industrial pollution and clean the water Finally the hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 clean than ever Maybe you are facing an impossible situation Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy Possibly you drink too much or don t know how to control your credit card use When you face such impossible situation don t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately While there are 8 amaze stories of instant transformation for most of us the 9 change are gradual and require a lot of effort and work like cleaning up a polluted river Just be 10 patience 5 Passage 4 One morning I was waiting at the bus stop worried about 1 be late for school There were many people waiting at the bus stop 2 some of them looked very anxious and 3 disappoint When the bus finally came we all hurried on board I got a place next 4 the window so I had a goo