Unit2LecturesandReports1原文答案.doc

Unit 2 Lectures and ReportsThinking AheadStudents are asked to discuss the following questions in groups. The reference answers for the questions are offered below:1. Do you like studying English by yourself or follow some lectures? Why or why not? (omitted)2. Have you ever made public speech or give a report to others? If yes, please describe your feelings at that time.No, I have never made public speech or give a report to others. I am a shy person, so I am sure I will be very nervous when I do it. Yes, I often speak in front of others because Ive been a monitor since I was a primary school student. At first, I was a little nervous, but now I am accustomed of it. Yes, I once made a public speech when I was a freshman in the university. I will never forget that experience because I was trembling all the time.When I am to make a public speech I feel too nervous and as a result can not carry on. Public speaking is easy. It s just plain talking, and you talk all the time. Although I m basically shy (honest!), Ive been making speeches and talking for many times.Part I Video TimeIn this part, students will have 2 tasks to accomplish.Task 1In task 1, students will watch a video about horse idioms and then do the exercises as required. Before watching, students are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural note related to the video. Transcript Horse IdiomsHello, Im a very interesting and intelligent man. And this is Fred, who, as you may have noticed, is a horse. Today Fred and I are going to be helping you to improve your English. I bet youve never been taught by a horse before. Hungry, isnt he? In fact, he eats all the time. He eats like a horse of course he does he is a horse. In English, if someone eats a lot we can say he eats like a horse. To eat like a horse. To eat a lot.(neighing and other horsy noises.)Whats that you say Fred? Ah, just that silly noise horses make. Anyway, I heard it straight from the horses mouth. We use this idiom when weve got some information directly from the person responsible for it. For example: my boss is going to fire me. Yes, its true. I heard it straight from the horses mouth. It means my boss told me directly. I didnt hear it from anyone else.Sad news, Im afraid Freds died. Which means theres no point in trying to get him work any more. How do we make a horse work? Yes, thats right, by hitting it, or as we say, “flogging it”. Our next horse idiom: to flog a dead horse. Which as you can see is completely pointless. “To flog a dead horse”. This means to waste effort on something that we have no chance of succeeding at. I sometimes feel like Im flogging a dead horse when Im teaching. My students, they never seem to learn. I dont quite understand what the problem is, very frustrating. (horse noises)(From http:/www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/)Key to Exercises Exercise 1 Watching for Specific InformationExplain the following idioms in English according to the video.1) to eat like a horseto eat a lot2) straight from the horses mouthget some information directly from the person responsible for it.3) to flog a dead horseto waste effort on something that we have no chance of succeeding at.Exercise 2 Making SentencesMake one sentence with each idiom.1) to eat like a horseHe eats like a horse.2) straight from the horses mouthMy boss is going to fire me. I heard it straight from the horses mouth.3) to flog a dead horseI sometimes feel like Im flogging a dead horse when Im teaching.Task 2In task 2, students will watch a video about a speech by William Ehrman, a British Ambassador and then do the exercises as required. Before watching, students are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the video. TranscriptA Speech by British AmbassadorI am just going to make four, as its English language speaking competition, I am just going to make four points, because if I make any more, Michael will ring the bell to send me off the stage. The first point I would like to make, like professor Li, is to express admiration for the team which have participated in this competition from Sichuan province. We, the British people, and the British government are full of admiration for the way in which the Chinese government, Chinese armed forces and the Chinese people, have come together in the face of this terrible tragedy to bring relief to the people of Sichuan. Today, I think I can say that all British people feel as if they were Chinese people. Next, I would like to say what a huge pleasure it is being to be here this afternoon, and what an immensely high standard of debating there has been. I think we should do something in Britain; we should start a Chinese language debating competition. And indeed, there should be an international Chinese debating competition. I was here two years ago, and the runner-up then Qinghua University went on to win the English as a Foreign Language, a section of the world debating championships. I am not surprised; the standard was immensely high then, and it is being immensely high this afternoon. And I am quite confident that the winner, the runner-up, the semi-finalist, all of whom will go on to other international competitions, from this competition, are likely to do very well indeed. My third point is to do something which is a little bit unusual. We have had an excellent debate, and I would like to congratulate whoever chose the subject, because it was obviously, a very topical subject, and everybody has a lot of views on the subject. But in the parliament of course, after the debate, something else happens, which has not happened today. There is a vote, so could I, in fact, since we have many eminent policy makers here with us this afternoon, maybe for a point of reference, could I invite everybody please in this hall, first of all, if you support the proposition to raise your hands and vote. And then please those who support the opposition. There we are. This of course, does not influence the competition in any way, because the judges have already made their decision. So it would have been unfair to call for a vote before they made their decision. But after their decision, I can say that those supporting the proposition have won the day, and I will pass that as a point of reference to many of the policy makers among us. And my last point is to say what an excellent discipline and skill learning to debate is. All great leaders in the world have to be able to communicate. You can have good policies, but if you cannot communicate them, you will probably never become a great leader. When I think of some of the leaders in my own country, Britain, or in the United States, they have all been great communicators and great debaters. If you think of Churchill, or Mrs. Thatcher, or if you think of President Lincoln or President Kennedy, they have all been people who spoke wonderfully well, and I think in learning this skill and learning developing critical thinking, they also learned how to put things concisely and simply. Two of the greatest speeches that ever made were those by President Lincoln at Gettysburg which I think was three hundred words long. And by President Kennedy at the time of his inauguration, so I think learning to debate is a great thing, and I am absolutely confident that all of you who have taken part in this competition, and those who reached the final, and those who reached the semi-final will go on to be leaders in whatever field you choose for yourselves in life. So once again, thank you very much for inviting me. Thank you! Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Watching for DetailsStudents are asked to watch the video and answer the following questions.1) At the beginning of his speech, whom does William Ehrman show his admiration to and why?He shows his admiration to the team which have participated in the debating competition from Sichuan province because at that time they are in the face of the terrible tragedy, earthquake. 2) What kind of competition did William Ehrman suggest to hold in Britain?He suggests holding a Chinese language debating competition in Britain.3) In the speakers opinion, what kind of ability should a great leader possess? In his opinion, a great leader should have the ability to communicate and debate. 4) The speaker mentioned some great leaders in Britain and the United States. Please name some of them.He mentioned two famous leaders in Britain, Churchill and Thatcher; and another two in the United States, President Lincoln and President Kennedy. Exercise 2 Watching for Specific InformationStudents are asked to watch the video again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.Im just going to make four, as its an English language speaking competition, I am just going to make four 1) points, because if I make any more, Michael will 2) ring the bell to send me off the stage. The first point I would like to make, like professor Li, is to express 3) admiration for the team which have 4) participated in this competition from Sichuan 5) province. We, the British people and the British government are full of admiration for the way in which the Chinese government, Chinese 6) armed forces and the Chinese people, have come together in the face of this terrible 7) tragedy to bring 8) relief to the people of Sichuan. Today I think I can say that all British people feel as if they were Chinese people.Part II Listening ActivitiesIn this part, students will have 2 listening tasks to accomplish.Task 1 In task 1, students will listen to an Education Report about financial aids awarded in the University and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, students are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the report.TranscriptFinancial Aids Awarded in the UniversityThis is the VOA Special English Education Report.This week in our Foreign Student Series, we look at financial aid that comes in ships: scholarships, fellowships and assistantships. But first we talk about financial aid of another kind: grants. A grant, unlike a loan, does not have to be repaid. One of our examples this week is the University of Missouri-Columbia, known as Mizzou (pronounced mah-ZOO). Mizzou is a public university with more than one thousand five hundred international students this school year. The total student population is more than thirty thousand.Mizzou has a grant program for international students. The Curators Grant-in-Aid program is for those who get good grades and take part in university activities. Graduate students who receive a grant get nine free credits to take courses. Undergraduates receive between one thousand and five thousand dollars in support. Students must have attended Mizzou for a year before they can receive a grant. And they must reapply for the awards each semester. Some grants are called scholarships or fellowships. Scholarships are for undergraduates; fellowships are for graduate students. Awards may be based on financial need or on grades, talents or other requirements. The Global Heritage Scholarship at Mizzou, for example, is only for international undergraduates whose mother or father graduated from there. The scholarship pays seven thousand five hundred dollars a year for tuition. Full tuition is currently almost nineteen thousand dollars. Tuition is about the same at another public university, the University of Arizona in Tucson. It offers an undergraduate scholarship for international students who earned high marks in high school. The program is open to all foreign students who have been admitted to the university. Winners receive between two thousand and ten thousand dollars a year to help pay tuition. Seventy international students are currently receiving the scholarship. The University of Arizona has more than two thousand international students this academic year. The school had close to forty thousand students during the fall term. Assistantships are jobs paid with money or free classes. Graduate assistants help professors for about twenty hours a week. They may teach undergraduates, grade papers and tests, and assist with research.And thats the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Nancy Steinbach. The earlier reports in our Foreign Student Series are at . Im Steve Ember.(From /reslist-573-1.html)Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Making a Sound JudgmentStudents are asked to listen to the report and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)._F_1) Mizzou is a public university with more than five hundred international students this school year._T_2) The Curators Grant-in-Aid program is for those who get good grades and take part in university activities._F_3) Students must have attended Mizzou for a year before they can receive a grant. And they must reapply for the awards every year._F_4) The Global Heritage Scholarship at Mizzou, for example, is for any student._T_5) The University of Arizona has more than two thousand international students this academic year.Exercise 2 Essay WritingSuppose students are graduate students who want to pursue their studies in the University of Mizzou. They are required to write an application letters to the University.、Task 2In task 2, students will listen to an interview between Anderson Cooper and Liz McCartney, who was named CNN Hero of the Year for her work with Katrina victims, and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, students are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the interview.Transcript CNNs Hero of the Year: Liz McCartneyAnderson Cooper interviews Liz McCartney, who was named CNN Hero of the Year for her work with Katrina victims. Anderson Cooper: CNN hero of the year is Liz McCartney. Do you feel like a hero?Liz McCartney: No, I mean Im surrounded by amazing people every single day, Anderson. People who are really, really strong and amazingly hardworking, so I dont, I mean I think this award is, again, really attributed to everybodys efforts. Anderson Cooper: What do you think people in St. Bernard Parish are gonna think when they, when they see this and hear that you won?Liz McCartney: Well, I, I hope they are honored, you know, this award is really about them and their families and communities and getting them back to where they were before the storm. When you are in an area where people have suffered so much loss, you realize whats really important and whats really important is family, and homes and communities. Anderson Cooper: Do you think this is a reminder to a lot of folks that of, that there are still a lot of work that needs to be done there? Liz McCartney: I surely hope so, I hope the message is loud and clear, that while we are making a lot of progress thanks to all the help that weve received, theres still a long way to go. What I like to do tonight is to dedicate this award to everybody in the New Orleans area that was affected by this storm. Anderson Cooper: What is it being like being here on this night, I mean, you have celebrities, you know talking about you, and this crowd and your picture being taken, is it surreal? Liz McCartney: Its totally weird, you know, I mean I am used to like walking around in jeans and T-shirts. Anderson Cooper: All of our heroes got 25,000 dollars, you are the CNN hero the year of the award, theres an additional 100,000 dollars. Do you know what you plan to do with the money? Liz McCartney: Oh, absolutely, we are rebuilding another ten families homes, with that money, yeah, so its going to right back into community.(From /reslist-1716-1.html)Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Listening for DetailsStudents are asked to listen to the interview and answer the following questions.1) What kind of hero was Liz McCartney and Why?She was named CNN Hero of the Year 2008 for her work with Katrina victims. 2) Whom will she dedicate the award to according to Liz McCartneys words?She will dedicate the award to everybody in the New Orleans area that was affected by the storm.3) How many dollars was she awarded? And how does she plan to do with it?She was awarded 125,000 dollars. And she plans to rebuild another ten families homes with the money. Exercise 2 Listening for Deeper Understanding Students are asked to listen to the interview again and choose the best answers to the questions.1) B 2) C 3) CAdditional ListeningIn this section, students will listen to a lecture about the differences between Intention and Intent from BBC Learning English and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, students are supposed to read the words and expressions related to the lecture.TranscriptIntention/IntentGareth Rees answers: Hello Babak. Thank you for your question about intent and intention. Both words are nouns that come from the verb intend, which means to have something in mind as a plan or purpose. In terms of meaning, there is little difference between these two nouns. They both mean a plan, or purpose, to do something. However, there is a difference in the way we use the words. Intent is used in more formal situations, such as in legal contexts, whereas intention is used in a wide range of situations; it is a more everyday word. Also, in grammatical terms, intent is an uncountable noun and intention is a countable noun. So, for example, in a newspaper report about a court case you might read he was carrying a gun with intent to commit a bank robbery. Whereas, in a conversation with