英语表达“用”的介词有哪些[1].doc

表达“用”的介词有哪些不同的介词表达“用”的内涵不同。现归纳如下。一、after“用作样板”，“模仿”，“仿照”。常与动词make，take，name，build，copy，model等连用。如：Make the sentences after the modelThe boy was named Tom after his uncle二、at“用速度”。后接表示具体速度的短语。如：The bus was running at a speed of 50 miles an hourThey both fell at about the same speed and hit the ground togetherwith接泛指概念的速度名词相当于副词。如：All this must happen with very great speed三、by1接不带冠词的名词表示采用泛指的或抽象的某类行为手段。如：He kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earthThis is a kind of printing for blind people so that they can read bytouch2接某些带限定词的名词表示采用一项具体的方法或方式。如：My fried，you shouldnt judge a stranger always by the clothes he wearsThe monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing3接动名词表示用该动作去实现另一动作。如：I stayed on the road by following the telephone polesShe herself read them to me by spelling into my hand what waswritten in thebooks四、for1“用钱（购买）”，“用物（交换）”。如：That summer the doctor changed the brace for a special heavy shoesThey bought it for twenty dollars2“用时间”。接时间名词表示用一段时间去实现某一行为，其动词是延续性的。如：She had been saving every cent she could for monthsWe discussed about the plan for a long time五、 from/of“用制成”，“用组成”。后接原料（材料）名词。如成品中看不出原料是什么，用from；看得出原料是什么，则用of。如：The Great Wall was made not only of stone and earth，but of the flesh andblood ofmillions of menThe highest-quality paper is made mostly from cotton fibers obtainedfromragrs六、in1“用语言、声音或文字”。如：There are plenty of books that have been rewritten in simplelanguageHe began to write articles in English for an American newspaperThe boy went up to Mr Crossetts desk and in a trembling voice said，“Imsorry，sir2“用材料（原料）”。表明所用材料的性质。如：Please write in pencil，not in inkYou can get this dress in silk3“用装（载）”，“用拿（握）”，“用包（裹）”。表示行为对象在所使用物之中。如：They were busy carrying earth in their mouths to stop the entranceof the nestHolding the note in his hand，he stood there dumbfoundedShe wrapped Wilma in a blanket and took her by bus to a hospital 45miles away4“用方法（方式）”，“用顺序”。接抽象名词表示行为始终遵循这一方式。如：In true scientific manner，he liked to put idea to the testNapoleon always asked the same three questions and usually in thesame order七、on“用食物”，“用燃料”，“用火”，“用支撑”。如：We were obliged to feed scores of his tame birds on our wretchedcropsIts hard to build cars that run on kerosene and not on gasThe savages were eating something they cooked on the fireHe climbed the tree in the cage and he stood on his head八、through1“用器物”。表示经过或贯穿所用器物的空间。如：Many farmersfields are irrigated by water brought from a river orlake throughbamboo pipesHe built a telescope through which he could study the sky2“用（方式）”。表示通过媒体把信息从一方传到另一方或表示行为方式的全过程。如：Through my hand and fingers，I“heard thesoundsWhat is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on achilds characteras what is learned through experience九、under“用夹着”，“用掩饰”。如：The master was walking up and down the room with the iron rulerunder hisarmShe likes to couch a lie under fair wordsunder ones arm意为“在某人腋下”，in ones arms意为“在某人怀里”。前者用单数arm，后者用复数arms。如：He took the little boy in hisarms，“George，I am glad that you told me about it”十、with1“用工具（器械、器材）”。所接名词为限定词，表示采用一种具体的或特定的工具。如：Ihad to get some money sir，with my taxiWith the camera，he kept taking pictures of what he did and sawThe boy was cutting a branch of a tree with his knife to make a canewithout表示“不用”。如：It was very difficult to build and rebuild such a great wall overwild and distantcountry without any modern machines2“用（身体某部）器官”，“用体力（脑力）”。名词前是所有格人称代词或某些别的限定词。如：You can lift a big piece of bamboo with one handI lift the glossy lid of the piaro，then touch the keys with my fingers3“用口头（表达）”。如：Ido not want you simply to promise me with words that you will begoodFour years before this，Marie had expressed her thoughts in words much likethis（in wordswith words）4“用钱（购买，支付，换取）