英语人教版八年级下册Grammar focus.doc

Section A 3 (Grammar focus 4c)Grammar focus Whats the highest mountain in the world? Qomolangma. How high is Qomolangma? Its 8,844.43 meters high. Its higher than any other mountain. Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? Yes, I did. Its much older than the US. Step 1 Lead-in Play a video:The more we get togetherAnd then show some pictures. Review comparatives and superlativesStep 2 Grammar形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则1大多数形容词有三个级。 1) 原级: 常用结构as . as . 像一样 Zhang Hong is as tall as Tom. 张红和汤姆一样高。 2) 比较级 (用于两者之间的比较)常用结构：形容词比较级than . He is taller than I. 他比我高。3) 最高级(用于三者或三者以上的比较),常用结构: the + 形容词的最高级of / in . He is the tallest of the three. 他是这三个人中最高的。 He is the funniest in his class. 他是他们班最有趣的。 2. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化 1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级er ， 最高级est 如： clevercleverercleverest fewfewerfewest smallsmallersmallest等。2) 以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st 即可。 如：nicenicernicest cutecutercutest largelargerlargest 3) 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为ier或est 如: easyeasiereasiest happyhappierhappiest 再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy也如此4) 双写最后一个辅音字母er 或 est的词,同学要用心去记。 fatfatterfattest thinthinnerthinnest hothotterhottest redredderreddest wetwetterwettest bigbiggerbiggest 5) 多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前more构成比较级、the most构成最高级。如： beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful 又如: delicious, popular, important, interesting, expensive, creative等双音节的词如: careful more careful the most careful useful more useful the most useful 少数单音节词也是这样，如： pleasedmore pleasedthe most pleased tiredmore tiredthe most tired 2. 不规则变化： good better best well better best badworse worst many / much more most far farther farthest (距离远) far further furthest (程度深) old elder eldest (长幼) old older oldest (年龄)Read the sentences below. Whats the highest mountain in the world? Qomolangma. How high is Qomolangma? Its 8,844.43 meters high. Its higher than any other mountain. Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? Yes, I did. Its much older than the USStep 2 中考链接1. 比较级考点 比较级修饰问题a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim. This book is much more interesting than that one. 同级比较e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xian. Our school is bigger than yours. the + 比较级e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls. “a/an + 比较级”表示“又一，再一”e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wantsa bigger one. 隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily? Youd better come earlier next time. He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term. 越来越.a. 比较级 + and + 比较级b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子a. e.g. Its getting colder and colder. The more you exercise, the better you are. 2. 最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。 范围问题e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. Spring is the best season of the year. “.之一”问题e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. “the + 序数词 + 最高级”e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.3. 比较级和最高级的转换e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. = Tom is taller than any other student in the class. = Tom is taller than all the other students in the class. = No other students are taller than Tom. 总结： any other + 名词单数 the other + 名词复数 否定 + 比较级 = 最高级 比较级 + 极限 = 最高级2. 同级比较 as + adj./adv. + as e.g. She is as thin as Lily. He writes as carefully as Linda. not + as/so + adj./adv. + as e.g. Tony didnt run so fast as Carter 学以致用1. My brother is _ more outgoing than me. A. many B. little C. much2. October 12th was one of _ days in 2005. Shenzhou-VI was launched (发射） successfully. A. exciting B. more exciting C. the most exciting3. Which city is _, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful4. _ children there are in a family, _ their life will be. A. The less, the better B. Fewer, richer C. The fewer, the better5. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheapest6. In our city, its _ in July, but its even _ in August. A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hot, h Step 3 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. big much popular long old high Step 4 Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts.e.g. Two rivers: the Yangtze River and the Amazon RiverThe Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River.The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze River is the longest river in China.Two cities: _ and _1. _. 2. _.Two animals: _ and _1. _. 2. _.Step5 HomeworkWrite five questions using comparisons. Then ask your par