2015届高考英语一轮复习讲义.doc

Unit 5Travelling abroad晨背三部曲（非谓语动词作状语）经典佳句1被她的努力深深鼓舞，我们竭尽全力并在比赛中获得了一等奖。Deeply moved by her efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest. 2要达到这一目的，我首先必须尽最大努力通过高考，进入一所重点大学。To reach the goal, I must first try my best to pass the college entrance examination and enter a key university. 3.作为一个活跃的年轻人，我喜欢体育运动和户外活动。Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities.4随着春节的临近，人们将举办各种形式的活动。With the Spring Festival drawing near, people will hold all varieties of activities.5因为有重要的事情要处理，Tracy说他不能在明天上午见你。With something important to attend to, Tracy couldnt meet you tomorrow morning. 热身体验句型转换 1I work hard so that I can be admitted to No.1 Middle School.To_be_admitted_to No.1 Middle School, I work hard.2Because they are such kind people, they will certainly help you.Being_such_kind_people,_they will certainly help you.3Some students go to school, and always hide mobile phones in their pockets.Some students go to school with modile_phones_hidden_in_their_pockets.词海拾贝 基础记忆1queue n队列；行列vi. 排队2substitute n. 代替者；代用品 vt. 用代替3draft n. 草稿；草案vt. 草拟；起草4contradict vt. 反驳；驳斥5abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的6qualification n资格；资历qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的7preparation n准备；预备prepare vt.准备8recommend vt.推荐；建议recommendation n推荐；介绍；建议9comfort n舒适；安慰vt.安慰comfortable adj.舒适的comfortably adv.舒适地10requirement n需要；要求require vt.需要11acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢acknowledgement n承认12occupy vt.占用；占领；占据occupation nU占领；占据；C工作；职业13govern vt.& vi.统治；支配；管理government n政府语境记忆14He is preparing for the exam, while his brother is making preparations for the sports meeting.(prepare)15These new shoes are not very comfortable though they are designed for comfort.(comfort)篇章记忆After a long academic preparation, he got the qualification to be an agent.He delivered a lecture to comment on the substitute on behalf of his business enterprise.短语互译 1.适应；调节adjust_to2保持优秀成绩；继续做下去 keep_it_up3相适应；相融和 fit_in4忙着做；忙于某事物 be_occupied_with5日复一日 day_in_and_day_out6不可能的；不值得讨论的 out_of_the_question7settle in (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来8apply for 申请9take up 从事；占据10get used to 习惯于11feel at home 感觉自在；不拘束12in the company of 在陪伴下.句型一览 1.It/This was the first time that . 这是第一次It_was_the_first_time (这是第一次) she had ever left her motherland.2as far as one is concerned 就而言Besides, as_far_as_he_was_concerned (就他而言), what other people thought was not the most important thing.3so . that . 如此以至于I have been so_occupied_with_work_that (如此忙于工作以至于) I havent had time for social activities.4wish sb. sth. 祝某人We wish_Xie_Lei_all_the_best (祝谢蕾一切顺利) in her new enterprise.语法自测非限制性定语从句完成句子1As_is_shown in the graph, the sales of this month keep almost unchanged.(show)正如图表所示，这个月的销售情况几乎没有变化。2John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom_were_his_friends. (be)约翰邀请了大约四十个人参加他的婚礼， 其中大部分是他的朋友。3There are various kinds of animals in Australia, many of which_cant_be_found in any other continent.(find)澳大利亚有各种各样的动物，其中有很多是在其他大陆找不到的。4A terrible earthquake hit Lushan, Sichuan Province on April 20th,2013, from_whose_effects the people are still suffering.(effect)2013年4月20日，一场可怕的地震袭击了四川省芦山县，现在许多人仍然遭受着那次地震的影响。5A survey was recently carried out about senior students mental health, whose_result/the_result_of_which_was_surprising.(surprise)关于高中生心理健康，最近做了一份调查，其结果让人惊讶。1.recommend vt.建议；推荐(1)recommend doing sth.建议做某事recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend that sb.(should) do 建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)(2)recommend sb.sth. 向某人推荐某物recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人recommend sb.as . 推荐某人为(3)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信As a student, I really want to recommend you a topic wholeheartedly.(重庆写作)作为一名学生，我想真诚地向您推荐一个话题。I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful friendships.(2013浙江完形)我向那些想体验外国文化、建立珍贵友谊的人推荐一个交流项目。【语境串记】He recommended the young man to our firm, and it is because of his recommendation that we have an excellent worker now. 他向我们公司推荐了这位年轻人，正是由于他的推荐，我们现在有了一名优秀的员工。【对点练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空I recommend you to_think (think) very carefully before you do anything foolish.The doctor strongly recommended that he take (take) a holiday.The doctor recommended limiting (limit) the amount of fat in my fort n舒适；安慰vt.安慰Instead, he said “Its OK” to comfort me before he disappeared into washroom.(2013陕西完形)相反地，他说了一句“没有关系”来安慰我，然后走进了洗手间。(1)for comfort为了舒适in comfort 舒适地give comfort to 安慰(某人)take/have/find comfort in . 从中得到安慰(2)comfort sb.for sth. 因某事安慰某人(3)comfortable adj. 舒适的；令人感到安慰的uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的Everybody hurts.Take comfort in your friends.每个人都会受伤，从你的朋友那得到抚慰。I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.(2013陕西阅读B)我让他舒服地坐在后座上，并给他一些水。【关键一点】抽象名词comfort具体化时，意为“给予安慰的东西；安慰者”。【对点练习】用comfort的相关短语完成下列句子因她驾驶员考试没通过，她父母来安慰她。Her parents comforted_her_for her failing in the driving test.我生病时她给了我极大的安慰。She gave_great_comfort_to me when I was ill.3.requirement n要求；必要条件；需要(1)meet/satisfy ones requirement满足/达到某人的要求(2)require vt. 需要require doing/to be done 需要做require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事require that . (should) do sth. 要求The situation required that we (should) make an immediate decision.当时的情况需要我们立刻作出决定。Not all goods can satisfy the customers requirements.并非所有的商品都能满足顾客的需求。【关键一点】require及requirement后所接的从句中常使用虚拟语气，其谓语动词常用“(should)动词原形”。【对点练习】用所给词的适当形式填空Your requirement that she (should)_wait (wait) till next week is reasonable.These young trees will require looking_after/to_be_looked_after_ (look after) carefully.He required us to_finish (finish) the task before Friday.4.acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢(1)acknowledge doing sth. 承认做了某事acknowledge sb./sth. to be/as . 承认某人/某事It is acknowledged that . 是大家公认的(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢in acknowledgement of 为表彰/感谢People spend a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if wed publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.(2013安徽阅读D)人们花费大量时间指出不礼貌的行为，但是如果我们遇见有礼貌的行为并当众认可会更有帮助。He acknowledged having donated money to the flooded area.他承认给洪灾地区捐过款。【语境串记】Alice Munro is acknowledged as one of the outstanding writers in 2013 and rewarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in acknowledgement of all her hard work. 爱丽丝门罗被认为是2013年最出色的作家之一，被授予诺贝尔文学奖来表彰她的辛勤工作。【对点练习】将下列句子变为被动语态People acknowledge him to be the best player in the world.He_is_acknowledged_to_be_the_best_player_in_the_world.People universally acknowledge that reading plays an important part in learning English.It_is_universally_acknowledged_that_reading_plays_an_important_part_in_learning_English.5.occupy vt.占用；占领；占据(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于；专心于occupy ones mind/thoughts/attention 占据某人的头脑/思想/注意力(2)be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事(3)occupation n. 占领；职业；工作As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (迁移) to higher ground but they already occupy the mountaintops. (2012浙江阅读A)随着全球温度的上升，它们将会迁移到更高的地方，但是它们已经占据了山的顶端。The famous writer occupied his mind in writing autobiography.那位著名作家忙于写自传。【语境串记】He occupies an important position in a company, occupied with/occupying himself with all kinds of activities, and his occupation brings him great fame and fortune. 他在一家公司担任要职，忙于各种活动，他的工作让他名利双收。【对点练习】一句多译一整天忙于家务，她精疲力尽。She occupied_herself_with/was_occupied_with housework all day, so she was tired out.She occupied_herself_in/was_occupied_in doing housework all day, so she was tired out.Occupying_herself/Occupied with housework all day, she was tired out.Occupying_herself/Being_occupied_with housework all day made her tired out.6.keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续做下去keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)keep up with 赶上；不落在后面keep in touch with 与保持联系keep . out of 不使入内；不惹事keep away from 不(使)接近keep . in mind 记住In face of challenge for the moment, its the most important to keep up a good state of health.面对目前的挑战，最重要的是保持良好的身体状态。They keep in touch with each other through the Internet.他们彼此通过因特网保持联系。They always keep the interests of the people in mind.他们时刻想着人民的利益。【对点练习】用keep的相关短语填空Keep_it_up and you will succeed.People should keep_away_from the radioactive waste.I love technology and try to keep_up_with it.【真题印证】(2012湖北高考)Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage.Ahold upBkeep upCset up Dtake up解析：选B考查动词短语辨析。句意：独自在黑暗中行走，男孩吹口哨来壮胆。keep up“维持；使不低落”，符合句意。hold up“举起”； set up“建立”； take up“拿起”。7.fit in相适应；相融和fit in with与合得来；适应be fit for/to do sth. 适合做某事/胜任做某事fit sb.for sth./to do sth. 适合某人做某事keep fit 保持健康He tried as much as he could to fit in but he could not because his mind was at home.(2011广东读写任务)他尽可能地去适应，但是做不到，因为他的心思在家里。Though he often exercises to keep fit, his present situation does not fit him to do the job.尽管他经常锻炼来保持健康，但是他目前的状况不适合他做这项工作。【对点练习】用fit的相关短语填空As she gathered her books, Jenny decided shed continue to try to fit_in at her new school.She seldom communicates with others so she doesnt fit_in_with the class.The brokendown old house was not fit_for human habitation.qualification n资格；资历 有资格做某事abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的be abundant in . (be rich in . ) 富有；很丰富out of the question 不可能的；不值得讨论的out of question 毫无疑问【对点练习】结合上述词汇完成下列句子她有资格胜任这项工作。She has_the_qualifications_for the job.现在市面上的参考书太多了，一定要认真选择。One must be careful when choosing the reference books that are_abundant_in the market.没有你的帮助提前完成任务是不可能的。Without your help, finishing the task ahead of time would be out_of_the_question.1.It_was_the_first_time she had ever left her motherland.这是她第一次离开祖国。【句型透视】(1)句式“It/This/Thatis (was)the first/second/ . time that .”表示“这是第一/二/次做某事”。This is the first time that I have been away from my family for such a long time.这是我第一次离开家这么长时间。【关键一点】该句型中，从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时或过去完成时。主句中的is与从句中现在完成时has/have done对应；主句中的was与过去完成时had done对应。It was the third time that he had gone abroad.那是他第三次出国。(2)It is/was (about/high) time (that) . should do/did sth.意为“到了做某事的时间了”。相当于It is/was time for sb.to do sth.。Its (about/high) time (that) we should do/did something to make good use of time.是我们该做些什么来好好利用时间的时候了。(3)the first time还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次时”。The first time I saw the dictionary, I decided to buy it.第一次看到这本字典，我就决定买它了。(4)for the first time是介词短语，只能用作句子的状语，不可用来引导状语从句，它不具有连词的功能，表示“第一次”。When an American woman meets someone for the first time, she may or may not offer her hand.美国妇女第一次和人见面时，可能伸出手来握手，也可能不会。【对点练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空This is the second time that the Chinese woman astronaut has_been_sent (send) into space.I was feeling a bit nervous because it was the first time that I had_given (give) a speech on my own.It is time that you should_take/took (take) effective measures.2.Besides, as_far_as_I_am_concerned,_what other people thought was not the most important thing.况且，就我而言，其他人的想法不是最重要的。【句型透视】(1)as/so far as sb./sth. be concerned“就而言；就来说”。As far as English is concerned, he is the best in our class.就英语学习方面来说，他是我们班最优秀的。 (2)相关短语还有：as/so far as 远及；就as/so far as I can see 依我看来as/so far as I know 据我所知Our playing fields extend as far as those trees. 我们的操场延伸到那些树前。 As far as I can see, youve done nothing wrong.依我看，你没有做错任何事。【对点练习】完成句子As/So_far_as_I_can_see,_he is likely to refuse your plan.(see)依我看来，他可能拒绝你的计划。As/So_far_as_I_know,_she has left for America.(know)据我所知，她已离开去美国了。As_far_as_Im_concerned,_education abroad is preferable. (concern)就我个人而言，海外教育是可取的。.单词拼写1 Since we are soldiers, lets substitute (用代替) water for wine to drink to his health.2Australia is abundant (丰富的) in various wildlife.3As soon as he arrived, he made an apology (道歉) to his boss for being late.4For further information, contact your local agent (代理人)5I dont know how to acknowledge (答谢) his help.6Professor Watson is leaving the academic (学术的) world to take a job in industry.7My fingers were numb (麻木的) with cold after standing outside for a long time.8The road and the canal are parallel (平行的) to each other.9How long will it take for me to reach its destination (目的地)?10Contradicting (驳斥) someone politely is difficult.选词填空occupy oneself in, fit in, out of the question, ajust to, recommend to, keepup, be acknowledged as 1Gradually, I am able to fit_in with foreign friends.2To tell you the truth, I have adjusted_to the life abroad and have kept it up till now.3My tutor will recommend me to go to Yale.4What I should do is occupying_myself_in study.5Without his help, these achievements are out_of_the_question.6Acknowledged_as one of the most outstanding students, he was rewarded last week.根据汉语提示，选用练习、中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇1渐渐地，我融入了国外的朋友之中。2我已经适应了国外的生活。3更为幸运的是，我的成绩一直保持得很好。4导师要推荐我到耶鲁大学。5除了全身心地投入学习外，我不知道如何去感谢他。6没有他的帮助，这些成绩是不可能的。Gradually, I am able to fit in with foreign friends and have adjusted to the life abroad.More fortunately, I have kept it up till now.As a result, my tutor will recommend me to go to Yale.I dont know how to acknowledge his help except that I am occupying myself in study.Without his help, these achievements are out of the question.多项选择1(2014武昌区调研)As expected, the boy who shows great _ in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport university for his talent.Arequirement BrespectCaddiction Dpromise解析：选D考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如期望的一样，这个在羽毛球方面大有前途的男孩已经因为他的天资被那所体育大学录取了。promise在此表示“获得成功的迹象”，符合句意。requirement“要求”；respect“尊敬”；addiction“瘾；入迷”。2Dressing is a task which we do every day as a matter of _ especially for ladies who spend more time on it.Acustom BscheduleCroutine Dprivilege解析：选C考查名词词义辨析。句意：穿衣是每天必做的事，尤其是女士，她们在这上面花的时间更多。routine“常规；惯例”，符合句意。custom“风俗”；schedule“日程安排”；privilege“特权；特殊待遇”。3Since the United States of America is a multicultural country, youll find it easy to _the life there within a couple of months.Aput up with Bget along withCteam up with Dfit in with解析：选D考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为美国是一个多元文化的国家，所以你会发现在几个月之内你就能很容易地融入那儿的生活。fit in with“与适合；处得融洽”，符合句意。put up with“容忍；忍受”；get along with“进展；和和睦相处”；team up with“与合作”。4(2014武汉高三联考)Some research has indicated that unemployed workers should _any job they can get, including temporary work, as a bridge to higherpaying employment.Abuild up Btake upCmake up Dbring up解析：选B句意：某个研究表明下岗工人应该从事他们能够找到的任何一份工作，包括临时工作，以此作为通向更高报酬职业的一个桥梁。考查动词短语辨析。build up“创建，增加”；take up“占用(时间、空间)，拿起，从事”；make up“组成，弥补，编造，化妆”；bring up“养育，呕吐”。根据语境和句意应选B。5(2014湖北省八校联考)However_certain natural resources may be, they are bound to run out one day if not taken care of.Aoptional BconvenientCefficient Dabundant解析：选D句意：不管某种自然资源有多么丰富，如果不加节制，终有一天将会枯竭。A项意为“可选择的”；B项意为“方便的；便利的”；C项意为“高效的”；D项意为“丰富的”。故答案选D。6(2014武汉市高三调研)The second and third years have a range of _ courses which provide the choice necessary to meet individual interests and career needs.Asufficient BoptionalCadmirable Dprecious解析：选B句意：第二和第三年有一系列的选修课程，这些课程为满足个人兴趣和职业需要提供了必要的选择。sufficient“足够的；充分的”；optional“可选择的；随意的”；admirable“令人钦佩的；极好的”；precious“宝贵的”。由语境可知，B项正确。7Mr. Smith has been looking forward to travelling in South America, but because of rising prices, it seems _.Aout of question Bwithout questionCout of the question Dbeyond question解析：选Cout of the question“不可能”，符合题意。out of question“没问题”； without question“毫无疑问”；beyond question“毋庸置疑”。8The professor allowed me to work _ from the start, which resulted in my ability to deal with problems on my own.Asocially BtheoreticallyCautonomously Doptionally解析：选C句意：这位教授一开始就允许我自主工作，这使得我形成了独立处理问题的能力。autonomously“独立自主地”，符合句意。9On the annual International Volunteers Day, the world _ the work of millions of people who give their time to help others.Aabolishes BaccompaniesCacknowledges Dassesses解析：选C句意：在一年一度的国际志愿者日里，世界认可了数百万人花时间帮助他人所作出的贡献。abolish“废除”；accompany“陪伴；伴随”；acknowledge“承认(权威、地位)；(公开)感谢”；assess“评价；评定”。故C项正确。10(2014武昌区实验中学模拟)It is thought by some people that Ebooks might_ traditional books in some time because of various advantages of Ebooks over paper ones.Asubstitute Bcontribute Caccumulate Dsubscribe解析：选A句意：有些人认为未来电子书会代替传统书籍，因为电子书比纸质书有多方面的优点。substitute“代替；替换”，符合句意。contribute“贡献；捐赠”；accumulate“积累”；subscribe“捐赠；认购”。.完成句子1(2014武汉市武昌区供题)My mother insisted on sending me to the hospital, where/in_which/and_in_hospital_Ive_received good medical treatment these days.(receive)我妈妈坚持将我送进医院，这些天我在医院得到了很好的治疗。2(2014武昌区实验中学模拟)Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to_which_they_can_be_controlled on purpose.(which)人类的面部表情在他们能够故意被控制的程度方面与动物的不同。3He recommended_reading_the_book before seeing the movie, which was a good idea.(recommend)他建议先看这本书，再去看电影，这是一个不错的想法。4So hard has_he_been_working in the past few months that he has made great progress in English.(work)过去几个月里他学习如此努力，在英语方面取得了很大的进步。5If only he_could_keep_it_up,_he could break the world record.(keep)只要他坚持不懈，他就能打破世界纪录。6. As a consequence of the sandstorm, three fourths of the bridges in the area require_repairing/to_be_repaired.(require)由于沙尘暴的影响，这个地区四分之三的桥梁需要维修。7At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the more he explained, the_more_confused_I_became.(confuse)开始时我认为我把老师说的搞懂了，但是他越解释，我就越糊涂了。8Its well known to us all that we often get into a situation in our daily lifewhere_it_is_hard_to_decide what is right and what is wrong.(decide)众所周知，在日常生活中，我们常常