巧解词语运用题

巧解词语运用题巧解词语运用题 短文填空短文填空 短文填空是近几年来许多省市中招中普遍采用的一种新题型 它是有 新 目标 self check 部分演化而来 具有涉及面广 灵活性强 综合性高等特点 侧重考查学生对知识掌握的熟练程度 对语言迁移能力和语言分析综合能力有 较高要求 较全面的反映英语素质 试题一般给出 12 个词 在一篇短文中预留 10 个空 根据短文内容和上下 文意思进行逻辑分析 推理 填入意思恰当 语法正确的单词 由于没有选择 提示 因此其难度远远高于单选 完型等题 短文题材广泛 涵盖故事 文化 科普等 常常考查 考试大纲 范围内动词 介词 形容词 副词 名词及习 惯搭配 由于难度系数高 区分度大 历年来成为学生 教师所共同面临的难 题 此类题目也有一定得技巧性 根据长期的教学 总结以下几点 粗浅简洁 仅供商讨 题例 2010 河南 中招 dirty with have always time they large want speak lesson first drop After a quick breakfast I went into the lecture hall in a hurry A famous teacher was 66 tothe students He was holding up a 100 bill Then he said to the three hundred students Who would like this 1 00 bill The students put up 67 hands at once Then he said I am going to give this 100 bill to one of you but 68 let me do this He made the bill into a ball Then he said Who 69 it now The hands went back into the air Well he said what if I do this and he 70 it on the floor and stepped on it He picked up the 7l bill and said Who still wants it Hands went back again into the air My friends he said you have learned a valuable 有价值的 72 today No matter what I did to the 100 bill Many 73 in our life we are dropped and stepped on We feel as if we are worth nothin9 But remember no matter what 74 happened to you you will never lose your value You are 75 valuable to those people who love you Your value doesn t come from what you do or whom you know but who you are 例二 2009 年河南中考 so so room room be be we we meet meet through through have have stop stop soon soon early early wonderful wonderful butbut DearDear Dennis Dennis We just want to say thank you for having us before we caught the plane last week It was a nice evening and we enjoyed 66 Pete and Sarah With your help we were able to get to the airport with plenty of time We often tried to get an 67 flight than usual but it wasn t possible We had 68 holiday in Spain We just loved driving 69 the countryside and we often 70 to walk round a mountain village We met 71 friends Bill and Sue and they invited us to have a meal with them They wanted us to stay with them 72 we couldn t as we had already booked two 73 in a hotel The weather was nice There 74 so much beautiful sunshine all the time we were there Leaving Spain was very sad It made me want to cry Anyway we re looking forward to hearing form you and hope to see you 75 Let me know if you re ever in the area You must call in Yours Ray 一 无中生有 有的放矢 在拿到题目之初 先对所给的 12 个单词进行假 想 预测有几种变化 例 have 可能有 has had time times they their them themselves lesson lessons room rooms we our us meet met meeting stop syopped early earier eariset 等等 在对其 进行假想的同时 要回顾他们的意思 这样可以做到心中有数 为下一步打下 基础 二 浮光掠影 走马观花 这一步用时很少 速读是比较快的 学生要在 1 到 2 分钟内从文中获取有效信息 比如 文章体裁 人称 时态以及文章的 大概思路和方向进行把握 以便确定基准点 这样题目下一步就有了参照 在 做的过程中 只要基准点不偏 做起来就比较顺畅 三 步步为营 层层推进 实际在第一次跳读中学生已经在头脑中对文章 有了初步的掌握 这样在第二次读文章的时候就可以对已经做出猜测的空进行 验证 这一步就是要准确的分析 判断 同时要根据具体情况进行词语形式变 化 Eg After a quick breakfast I went into the lecture in a hurry A famous teacher was to the students 我们可以分析出时态为过去时 人称为第一人称 早饭后 我到某处 一位著名教师正 对学生 学生根据所学可以确定为过去进行时 即为 was were ving 根据情况可以知道需动词 根据意思需用 说话 讲话 即 speaking The students put up hands 很简单 可以推测出应为 他们 的 their 例如 09 中招 we enjoyed 66 我们根据平时所掌握的可以准确判 断出需要用 ving 形式 再如 We often tried to get an 67 flight than usual 在这一空 我们 可以根据细节 单词 than 判断出这一空需要用形容词或副词的比较级 提前所给的备选词 仅有 early 和 wonderful 这两个单词 我们根据常识判断乘飞机肯定要起得早 所以选 用 early 但是判断准词并不意味着作对了 关键还要判断准确怎样变形 这里考察的是学 生的观察能力和形容词副词的比较级掌握情况 所以准确答案为 earlier 而不是 earlyer 四 此起彼伏 前呼后应 所有的试题中 照应是最常见的 一般分为明 暗照应 学生在做此类题目时 目光要放远一些 眼光更长一些 视角放宽些 这样可以发现一些隐藏的答案 例 but 68 let me do this He made the bill into a ball Then he said 此处的 Then 就是一个明照应 因为只有 第一 才有 其次 所以前面一定会有第一 first Who 69 it now The hands and he 70 it on the floor and stepped on it He picked up the 71 bill and said who still wants it 我们可以看到此两处为明照应 这两句极为相似 仅第二句多一个 still 我 们可以确定 69 为 wants 第 70 题我们可以根据 and 确定 And 前后为同时态 结构相似 为过去时 dropped 由 on the floor 可知 bill 必然为脏的 而名词之 前也确需一个形容词 2009 河南中招 The weather was nice There 74 so much beaut