比较级 最高级.doc

大多数形容词和副词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 表示说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词、副词的原级: poor tall great glad bad quickly correctly形容词和副词的比较级和最高级:在原级形式的基础上变化，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下:1) 单音节形容词，一般在词尾加-er和-est great (原级) (比较级) (最高级)2) 以不发音的e结尾和以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice nicer nicest， wide wider widest， able（有能力的) abler ablest3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词在词尾加-er和-est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词改y为i，再加-er，-est easy easier easiest busy busier busiest happy happier happiest5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词(闭音节单音节词)， 双写词尾 辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest6) 双音节和多音节形容词在形容词前加more 和 most构成比较级和最高级。beautiful more beautiful most beautifuldifficult more difficult most difficultimportant more important most important easily more easily most easily 不规则变化good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremost bad/illworseworst farfartherfarthest （furtherfurthest）oldolderoldest（eldereldest）much/manymoremost littlelessleast 形容词或副词的比较级 + than You are taller than I am./ You are taller than me. 形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。即含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is taller than we are/us. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。This picture is nicer than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of biggest cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This is the biggest apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的【注】 1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother.2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 可修饰比较级的词 1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等，在形容词前加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 The room is much brighter than that one. Is it a little heavier?2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 3）以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。【特殊形式的比较级】一、“比较级比较级”或“more and more +形容词或副词的原级”结构表示事物特征的逐渐递进，常翻译为“越来越”Thanks to the new projects, our city is becoming more and more beautiful/It is getting cooler and cooler. The wind became more and more heavily. 二、“the +比较级, the +比较级”结构表示两个过程按比例同时递增，常翻译为“越越”，两个分句中，前者为从属从句，后者为主句。The earlier you start, the more quickly youll finish it.The more money you make, the more you spend. The sooner，the better. 三、倍数的表示法 a. A is +倍数+as +形容词或副词的原级（big /high/long/wide/large）+ as B. The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高) b. A is +倍数 +形容词或副词的比较级（larger /higher/longer/wider）+ than B. Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍) c. A is +倍数+ n.( the size /height/length/width) + of B. Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。四、“the +比较级+ of the two”结构表示 “两者当中较的”，通常要在形容词比较级前面加the, 还可以省去形容词后面的名词。Which is the larger of the two countries, Canada or Australia?四、用含比较级的固定搭配来表示最高级的意义。1、比较级与“than any other”搭配，表示“比其他任何一个都要”。如果比较的事物或人不在同一个范围之内，那这个句式中要省去other；如果比较的事物或人在同一个范围之内，那就采用这个句式。China is larger than any other country in Asia.Canada is larger than any country in Asia.【注：】在使用这个句式时，还有注意的是无论是哪一种情况，它后面的名词都要用单数形式。 2、比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级的意义，其意思是“再没有比更的了”No film character has ever been more widely enjoyed than her.没有人比她更受欢迎了。3、比较级的前面加冠词a/an，也就是“a/an +形容词的比较级”，这时是形容词的比较级作定语，修饰后面的名词，这种用法在高考试题中也有体现。 How beautifully she sings! I have never heard_.A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice五、用“数字或倍数比较级than”结构表示“比（大、长）几倍，注意要将具体的数字和倍数放在比较级的前面。”The new reservoir, which is being built, is five times bigger than the old one.一、写出下列各词的比较级和最高级1. busy _ 2.long _ 3. short _ 4.old _5. small _ 6.big _1.-Which is _ season(季节)in Beijing?(北京) -I think its autumn(秋季).A. good B. better C. best D. the best2. The second-hand camera is much _ than that new one. (北京西城区)A. cheap B. cheaper C. dear (贵的) D. dearest3. An elephant is _ than a tiger. (长沙市)A. heavy (重的) B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier4.Which animal do you like _?I like all kinds of animals.(甘肃省)A. better B. best C. very D. well5.-The TV programme(节目)is boring. Shall we play chess instead?-All right. That is _ than watching a boring TV programme. (江苏扬州)A. very good B. much good C. very better D. much better6. The river _ to the sea. It is one in the country. (昆明市)A. runs, the longest B. runs, a longer C. is run, the longest D. run, a longest7.-Which is your favorite vegetable?-_ vegetables, I like cabbage _. (江苏苏州)A. Of, better B. Of all, the best C. With, better D. With, best8. Mary has three brothers. Smith is _ of the three. (武汉市)A. most tall B. the tallest C. taller9. Which do you like _, tea, milk or juice? (湖南湘潭)A. well B. good C. better D. best二、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is _ (young) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred.2. Ying Tian is not as _ (tall) as Yong Xian.3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before the holidays,4.Which is _ (heavy),a hen or a chicken?5.- How _ (tall) is Sally?- She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling?- She s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally.She is also the _ (short) girl in the class.6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as _ (big) as my brother s.14.-How difficult is physics?-I m not sure.- Is it _ (difficult) than maths?- I dont think so.15. -Annie plays the piano very _ (well).- Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think its too expensive. Id like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I. 20.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one. 21. Your classroom is _(wide) and _(bright) than ours. 22. Practise as _ (much) as you can.23. The _ (much), the _ (good).24. Nowadays English is _( important ) than any other subject, 1 think.25. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _ (dangerous) animal in the world.三、改错：1. He is as taller as I am.2. She is a little thiner than she looks.3. Bob is heavier than any other boys in the class.4.The girls study the better than the boy.5. It is one of the most interesting book than I have ever read.6. He says Mary is most friendliest person in the class.7. Which city is most beautiful, Beijing or Guangzhou?8. Jack works hard. Mike works very harder than Jack.9. London is the bigger city in Britain.10.Bob plays football badly but Fred plays football much badlier than Bob.四、完成句子：1 她看起来不如玛丽年轻。She doesnt look _ _ _ Mary.2.杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。Jacks father is _ _ _ than her mother.3.我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。Our classroom is _ _ than theirs.4。当心！这条路越来越危险。Look out! The mad is becoming _ and _ _.5.你喜欢哪种动物，猫还是狗？Which animal do you like _, a cat or a dog?五、单项选择1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as2. When we speak to people, we should be _.A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3. This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting5. His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while6. I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important7. This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long8. My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few9. These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot11. Mrs. Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite13. The house is _ small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D. so14. Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall15. -Whats your brother like?-He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school16. The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it.A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap17. Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much18. The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big19. Your room is _ mine.A. twice as large than B. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as20. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times21. His father is_ than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years22. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject23. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J D. any country24. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy25. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter26. By and by, _ students in our class came to like English.A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least27. At last he began to cry _.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder28. When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer29. _ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more30. _ he read the book, _ he got in it.A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interestingC. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested31. _ you come back, _ it will be.A. The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better32. I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older33. Which is_ country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest34. Of the two cups, he bought _.A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller35. Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most36. This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult37. Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good