2020年高考英语模拟卷含答案解析（7）

2020年高考英语模拟卷（7）第一部分阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题； 每小题2分， 满分30分)阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。ATrueCTop dealers compete for your business by offering lower prices. TrueCar spends a lot of money and resources on making sure the entire car renting experience is simple and straightforward. If youre in the market for a new car, give this site a try first.TrueCars network checks many of the prices in your area and gets the best price for the car youre looking for.CIt offers more control by allowing you to build your car, and select your rental plan. The “build your car” option is one of the better options for those looking to add features to their car. If youre looking for cars with options like a sunroof or navigation(导航), its Carvoy that makes it very easy to get started with the process.CarsDThey have a large collection of new and used cars, and also provide resources for car comparisons. In the business for many years, they are one of the first online car outlets. They have a staff that can usually help you if you give them a call. Their phone support is very good and they are mostly located in the United States.CarRIt delivers your rental car to the door, which is actually a huge selling point. Many people dont like to go to a dealership or even drive somewhere to pick up a car. Imagine renting a car and having it delivered right to your doorstep, and you need not drive by yourself.CostcoAIt offers memberonly savings, many car selections and an easy signup process. The deals through Costco are great and unique. Many times they have deals with General Motors cars like Chevrolet. There are a lot of deals to be done, but the one thing that Costco does not do is negotiate the price.1Whats the selling point of TrueC ?AIts most reasonable prices for cars.BThe diversity of its used cars.CIts delivery service to your door.DThe special offers to its members.2What is the special service that C provides?AYou can have other functions added to your car.BYou can rent a car more easily than elsewhere.CYou can design the whole car by yourself.DYou can have better operation over your car.3If you are a good bargainer, its wise to avoid dealing with _ACarsDBCCCarRDCostcoABLooking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental maths.I have only the unmemorable memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honour with the title of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist：One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only selfdiscipline but all training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.4What impressed the author deeply during his childhood?AWildlife. BMusic.CLanguages. DLiterature.5Why cant the author remember his relatives clearly?AHe didnt live with them for long.BThe family was extremely large.CHe was fully occupied with observing nature.DHe was too young when he lived with them.6According to the author, what personality should a born naturalist have first of all?ABeing knowledgeable.BBeing selfdisciplined.CBeing full of ambition.DBeing full of enthusiasm.7Why does the author say he is a naturalist, not a scientist?AHe thinks he lacks some quality required of a scientist.BHe thinks he has much trouble doing mental arithmetic.CHe thinks he comes up with solutions in a most natural way.DHe thinks he just reads about other peoples observations.CAir pollution shortens human lives by more than a year, according to a new study from a team of leading environmental engineers and public health researchers. Better air quality could lead to a significant extension of lifespan(寿命) around the world.It is the first time that data on air pollution and the lifespan has been studied together in order to check how air pollution affects overall life expectancy.The researchers looked at outdoor air pollution from particulate matter (PM)(颗粒物) smaller than 2.5 microns. These particulates can enter deep into the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is associated with the increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancers. PM 2.5 pollution comes from power plants, cars and trucks, fires, agriculture and industrial emissions(排放物)Led by Joshua Apte, the team used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study to measure PM 2.5 air pollution exposure and its consequences in 185 countries. They then quantified the national impact on life expectancy for each individual country as well as on a global scale.“The fact that air pollution is a major global killer is already wellknown，” said Apte. “And we all care about how long we can live. Here, we were able to systematically identify how air pollution shortens lives around the world. What we found is that air pollution has a very large effect on survival on average about a year globally.”In the context of other significant phenomena negatively affecting human survival rates, Apte said this is a big number. “For example, its considerably larger than the benefit in survival we might see if we found cures for both lung and breast cancer combined，” he said. “In countries like India and China, the benefit for elderly people of improving air quality would be especially large. For much of Asia, if air pollution were removed as a risk for death, 60yearolds would have a 15 percent to 20 percent higher chance of living to age 85 or older.”8What do we know about PM 2.5?AIt has a bad effect on human health.BIt will be controlled in the future.CIt only comes from industrial emissions.DIt spreads to the world from Asian countries.9What did the researchers do to study how air pollution affects the lifespan?AThey collected accurate information from all the Asian countries.BThey employed the research data to calculate the effect.CThey studied the disease and lifespan together time and time again.DThey measured particulate matter much more carefully than before.10What can be inferred from the text?AThe key to people living longer is good air quality.BPeople think air pollution is the most dangerous killer to them.CApte will agree that people should take action to deal with air pollution.DFactories should decrease the production of cars to stop air pollution.11What is the best title for the text?AThe Way Human Beings Enjoy a Longer LifespanBThe Importance of Getting Rid of Air PollutionCAsian People Are Suffering from Serious Air PollutionDAir Pollution Reduces the Lifespan by More than One YearDHistorians and archaeologists have defined periods of human history for centuries by the technologies or materials that made the greatest impact on society. This includes the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. But what age are we in now? That question can be answered with one word for some researchers. Plastics.“Plastic has redefined our material culture and the artifacts we leave behind. It will be found in stratified(分层的) layers in our trash deposits(沉积层)” Thats according to John Marston, an archaeologist.The wide variety of synthetic polymers(合成聚合物) would not exist if it werent for human action. About six billion tons of plastics have been made and spread around the planet. They have been spread from forests to oceans ever since the first plastic polymers were invented.Plastics are one of the most significant changes that humans have made to the Earths makeup. Most plastics dont easily degrade. This only adds to the problem. Recycling isnt an adequate solution. Not all types of plastic are easily recyclable. And there are only a few recycling plants that can process all varieties of plastic.According to Debra Winter, writer for The Atlantic, this means that many of the materials thrown into recycling bins can cross the planet several times before they are processed. They are made into rugs, sweaters, or they are used to make other bottles. Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean. The problem has reached the point where its possible that in just a few decades there might be more plastic in the worlds oceans than fishes.“Plastics have a supposed lifespan of over 500 years, so its safe to say that every plastic bottle you have used exists somewhere on this planet, in some form or another，” Winter writes.The damage may already be done. It may be too late for human populations worldwide to change their plastic using ways. So the Plastic Age might soon take its place next to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in the history of human civilization.12Why do people call our age the Plastic Age?ABecause plastics are not naturally made.BBecause humans create plastics.CBecause plastics influence the world greatly.DBecause historians and archaeologists think so.13According to the passage, how are most plastics dealt with currently?AThey are recycled.BThey are degraded.CThey are thrown away.DThey are made into bottles.14What is the authors attitude to the Plastic Age?ANegative. BAmbiguous.CFavorable. DUnconcerned.15What is the main idea of this passage?APlastics have ruined our environment.BWe must stop using plastics altogether.CHuman beings are in the Plastic Age.DPlastics are significant to human development.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever wondered what the real meaning of the saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed” is? 16._ True friendship is the one, in which the individuals do not have to maintain good manners with each other. Sharing true friendship is the situation, when the person you are talking about is regarded as one among your family members, when the relation you share with him or her reaches a stage that even if you dont correspond for some time, your friendship remains unchanged.The trust between best friends is such that if one friend falls in trouble, the other will not think twice to help. If the bond between two friends is strong, true friends can tolerate even long distances. 17._ It would not affect their friendship.18_ They would face it together and support each other, even if it is against the interests of the other person. Best friends dont analyze each other and they dont have to do so. They accept each other with their positive and negative qualities. 19._ They know each others strengths as well as weaknesses. One would not overpower the other. They would respect each others individuality. In fact, they would understand the similarities and respect the differences.True friendship is marked by selflessness. Best friends support each other, even if the whole world opposes them. 20._ If you have even one true friend, consider yourself lucky.ATrue friendship never fades away.BNothing is hidden between true friends.CIt is not easy getting true friends for the lifetime.DFor them, geographical separation is just a part of life.ETrue friends dont desert each other when one is facing trouble.FRemember, all the best friends are friends, but not all friends can be the best friends.GPeople talk about the true value of friendship actually without knowing what it stands for.第二部分语言知识运用(共两节， 满分45分) 第一节(共20小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分30分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and pushing outside my comfort _21_ was not something I was eager to do.In fact, I wouldnt have become a(n)_22_ if it werent for my husband Charles. He had been a _23_， competitive runner for many years. After our marriage, he wouldnt stop talking about how much he _24_ it.So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to join him at the _25_. Just a few weeks later, Charles signed up for a fivekilometer race for both of us. I _26_ about doing it. It was too soon.But on the race day, there I was.The gun went off. Thousands of runners _27_The first kilometer was tough. I was already breathing _28_ and painfully aware of the group of runners _29_ past me.After another minute I saw the threekilometer _30_. All I could think of was that I was _31_I rounded a corner, and saw both sides of the street _32_ with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on：I _33_ my legs to keep going.Then I looked up and saw the clock. The _34_ ticking away gave me an incentive(动力). I knew that if I had _35_ finished this race I would have achieved something. So, I _36_up, and kicked it.I had my arms _37_ higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer put a(n) _38_around my neck.“You did great！Im so proud of you！”Charles was thrilled that Id _39_“That was amazing！I want to do another race.”I proudly hugged my medal as we started to walk to the postrace festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both _40_21. A. blockBlineC. emotion Dzone22A. wife BcoachC. expert Drunner23A. serious BcommonC. casual Dsharp24A. hated BmissedC. admired Dtrained25A. race BdepartmentC. track Dceremony26A. hesitated BpuzzledC. cared Dbrought27A. slipped away Bbacked offC. pushed forward Dcame over28A. mildly BshallowlyC. gently Dheavily29A. running BbendingC. reaching Dpacing30A. symbol BmarkC. pattern Dcampaign31A. hopeful BspeechlessC. dying Dmoving32A. stuck BcrowdedC. provided Ddirected33A. sunk BbentC. shook Dwilled34A. seconds BtitlesC. criteria Dcompetitors35A. also BactuallyC. just Dunfortunately36A. dressed BcameC. stayed Dstraightened37A. kept BcrossedC. held Dtied38A. rope BmedalC. necklace Daward39A. got it Bmeant itC. made it Ddefeated it40A. trembled BexpandedC. ached DErupted第2节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It used to be common to see US teenagers busy at fastfood restaurants cooking burgers and 41._(clean) tables, especially during the summer vacation. 42._， the scene is becoming less common.Instead of finding summer jobs, many US teenagers are spending 43._(they) free time taking classes. According to The Atlantic this change partly results 44._the low teen earnings paying little toward the costs of college. For many students who are going to attend college, the money from summer jobs doesnt live up to their 45._(expect) at all. Meanwhile, US teenagers increasing interest in education 46._(account) for this as well. They go to summer school to learn 47._they might not have time for after they leave school, which 48._(consider) as a wise choice.Despite this, a summer job is still believed to benefit teenagers. Early work experience is 49._human activity that develops peoples social skills. When kids are working, they gradually gain 50._(practice) knowledge and understanding of the labor market.第三部分写作(共两节， 满分35分) 第一节短文改错(共10小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、 删除或修改。增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除： 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改： 在错的词下画一横线， 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处， 多者(从第11处起)不计分。I have a 5yearold sister. Sometimes she fights against myself for candies. When Mom makes me to give my share to her, I always feel unwillingly. Last week, I caught serious cold and had to follow the doctors advices to take medicine. Before I came home from school, I noticed her leaving candies beside my medicine. I go up to her and asked, “Hey, what are you doing？” In a smile, she said to me, “Candies make me happy because I put them here to make you happy today.” That was the greatest thing which Id ever experienced.第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假如你是李华，你的英国好友Peter打算来中国旅游，他想先学习一些中文，却不知道如何入门。你决定帮助他，请写一封邮件告诉他你的想法。要点：1.你给他的学习建议；2介绍你的帮助计划；3对结果的展望。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Peter，_Looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua参考答案第一部分阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题； 每小题2分， 满分30分)阅读理解A【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几个出租汽车的网站，包括其经营特色、服务项目等。1A解析：细节理解题。根据TrueC部分最后一句“TrueCars network checks many of the prices in your area and gets the best price for the car youre looking for.”可知，TrueCar.c