选修六UnitGlobalwarmingPeriod2.doc

Period 2Language Study教学内容分析Theemphasisofthisperiodwillbeplacedontheimportantnewwords，phrasesandsentencepatternsinWarmingUp，Prereading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguage.Therearealtogether53newwordsandphrasesinthesefiveparts.20ofthemaremarkedwithtriangles，whichshowsthatthestudentsneedntlearnthembyheart.Itisenoughtorecognizethemwhenmeetingthemwhilereadingthepassage.Theother33shouldallberemembered，amongwhichthefollowingwordsandexpressionsareevenmoreimportant：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，beopposedto，comeabout，resultin，evenif.Theyareallveryusefulandimportant.Soarethesentencepatterns“.it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.”and“There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer.”Weoughttopaymoreattentiontothem.三维目标设计Knowledgeandskills1Togetthestudentstolearntousethefollowingimportantnewwordsandphrasesfreely：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.2Togetthestudentstounderstandandusethefollowingimportantandusefulsentencepatterns：(1).itisarapidincreasewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges.(2)Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer.Processandmethods1Tohelpthestudentstounderstandthemeaningsoftheaboveusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthecontext，andthengivesomeexplanationsaboutthem，andatlastoffersomeexercisestomakestudentsmastertheirusages.2Toaskthestudentstomakeuptheirownsentencesbyimitatingtheabovesentencepatterns.3Attheendoftheclass，makestudentsdomoreexercisesforconsolidation.Indoingso，theycanlearn，graspandusetheseimportantlanguagepointswell.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1TostimulatestudentsinterestinlearningEnglish.2Todevelopstudentssenseofcooperationandteamwork.教学重、难点1Importantnewwordsandexpressions：quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.2Importantandusefulsentencepatterns：(1).itisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.(2)There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer.3Somedifficultandlongsentencesinthetext.Step1Revision1Checkthehomeworkexercises.2Asksomestudentstotalkaboutglobalwarming.Step2ReadingandfindingGetstudentstoreadthroughWarmingUp，Prereading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguagetounderlineallthenewwordsandusefulexpressionsorcollocationsintheseparts.Readthemaloudandcopythemdownintheexercisebook.Step3Practiceforusefulwordsandexpressions1TurntoPage28.GothroughtheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionswithstudentsandmakesuretheyknowwhattodo.2Givethemseveralminutestofinishtheexercises.Theyfirstdothemindividually，andthendiscussandcheckthemwiththeirpartners.3Checktheanswerswiththewholeclassandexplaintheproblemstheymeetwherenecessary.Step4Vocabularystudy.简单知识扫描1tend(P26)【原句再现】Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。【观察探究】(1)Wesometimestendtothinkthattheoceanbottomismadeupofsmoothplains.我们往往误以为海底由平坦的平原构成。(2)Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。(3)Doctorsandnursestended(to)theinjured.医生和护士护理受伤的人。【归纳总结】tendvi.&vt.意思是“往往会，趋于，倾向；照料，护理”。作“照料，护理”讲时，常与介词to搭配。【即景活用】(1)救护车上的救护人员在照料受伤的工人。Ambulancecrews_theinjuredworkers.(2)男孩往往比女孩个子高。Boys_tallerthangirls.Suggestedanswers：(1)weretending(to)(2)tendtobe2range(P27)【原句再现】.itwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimalsallofwhichwillmakelifeforhumanbeingsbetter.这将促进动物的生长所有这一切都会使人类的生活变得更好。【观察探究】(1)Maybethequestionisbeyondtherangeofhumanunderstanding.或许这个问题超越了人类理解的范围。(2)Youcanseearangeofmountainsstandingonthetopofthetower.站在塔顶你可以看到一系列山脉。 (3)Thetemperaturerangesbetweentenandthirtydegrees.气温在十至三十度之间。(4)Irangedthebooksontheshelfby/accordingtosize.我把书依大小顺序排在书架上。【归纳总结】rangen.意思是“范围；射程；山脉；行列”； v.意思是“变化；排列；归类于”，常用于rangefrom.to.结构，意为“从到范围内变化”。【即景活用】有年龄从七岁到十四岁的两百个男孩。Therearetwohundredboys_.Suggestedanswer：rangingfromseventofourteeninage3subscribeto(P26)【原句再现】Allscientistssubscribe_totheviewthattheincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal，naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.所有科学家都赞同这样的观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气、石油等)，从而引起了地球温度的升高。【观察探究】(1)Thechildreneachsubscribed5pencetobuyapresentforNickinhospital.孩子们每人出五便士为住院的尼克买礼品。(2)Allthepeoplepresentsubscribetotheopinionputforwardbythechairman.参加会议的人全部同意主席提出的意见。(3)Ihavesubscribedtothatmagazineforyears.我订阅那本杂志已好几年了。【归纳总结】subscribeto的意思有“捐款；捐助；同意，赞同；订购(报纸、杂志等)”等。【即景活用】Thegovernmentcalledonallthecitizensto_arelieffund.AsubscribetoBagreetoCamounttoDshifttoSuggestedanswers：A4goup(P26)【原句再现】Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogo_up.这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。【观察探究】(1)Theelevatorwentuptothefourthfloor.电梯升到了四楼。(2)Asyougoupamountain，youhavetoovercometheearthsgravitywhichpullsyoudown.上山时你必须克服把你往下拉的地球引力。(3)Pricesoffruitandvegetableshavegoneup.水果和蔬菜的价格上涨了。【归纳总结】动词短语goup的意思有“升；攀登；向上去，沿(街)而去；涨价”等。类似意义的词还有rise，increase等。其反义词是：godown，falldown，decrease。【即景活用】(1)物价又上涨了。Prices_again.(2)到处都盖起新的大楼。Newbuildings_everywhere.Suggestedanswers：(1)havegoneup(2)aregoingup5keepon(P27)【原句再现】Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeep_onwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。【观察探究】(1)Theairplanekeptonflyingatahighaltitude.这架飞机持续在高空飞行。(2)Hekeptonsmokingafterthedoctortoldhimtostop.医生劝告他戒烟，可他仍继续抽。(3)Heiskeepingonthehouseinhishometown.他把家乡的那所房屋保留着。(4)Keepstraightonandyoullcometothemarket.一直往前走就到市场。(5)Ihavefailedseveraltimes，butIstillkeepon.我已经失败了好几次，但我仍然坚持下去。【归纳总结】keepon意为“继续(做某事)；不顾困难、反对或警告而坚持(做某事)；继续前进，继续工作”等。【即景活用】EvenifIfailagain，Iwill_workingharduntilIsucceed.Agiveup BturntoCkeepon DthinkofSuggestedanswer：C6onthewhole(P28)【原句再现】On_the_wholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.大体上，地球变暖是一种引起巨大关注的现象。【观察探究】Theweatherthismonthhasbeengoodonthewhole.这个月的天气基本上是好的。Livingintownispleasantbut，onthewhole，Ilikethecountrybetter.住在城里是愉快的，但是，总的来看，我更喜欢农村。【归纳总结】onthewhole意为“总的看来；大体上；基本上”，相当于ingeneral，mostly，可位于句首、句中或句尾。 【即景活用】翻译句子总的看来，我认为他那样做是对的。Suggestedanswer：Onthewhole，Ithinkhewasquiterighttoactashedid.重点知识探究1oppose(P27)【原句再现】Ontheotherhand，therearethose，likeGeorgeHambley，whoareopposedtothisview，believethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.另一方面，像乔治汉布利那些人，他们反对这种观点，认为我们不应该为空气中二氧化碳含量高担心。【观察探究】Manymembersofthecouncilopposedthebuildingoftheluxuryhousesinthecentreofthecity.许多市议会议员反对在市中心建造豪华型住宅。Manyresidentsareopposedtotheplanofbuildingthemotorway.许多居民反对修建那条高速公路的计划。【归纳总结】opposevt.&vi.意为“反对；使对立；使对抗； 抗争”，后面可直接跟名词作宾语，也可用于beopposedto(doing)sth.结构。【词汇辨析】oppose，object和resist三者都含有“反对”的意思，但是用法有区别。oppose为常用词，指“对某人、某事采取积极行动来反对”，着重动作，尤指“反对一种观念、思想、计划等”。如：Thefatheropposedtohissonsmarriage.父亲反对儿子的婚事。object常指“用言论或论据等表示反对”，着重“个人嫌厌”和“(由于与个人有关因此)提出反对意见”。如：Iobjectedtohisplan.我反对他的计划。resist指“积极地反抗、对抗；用武力阻止的前进”，如：Thevillagerswereunitedtoresisttheenemy.村民们团结起来抵抗敌人。【即景活用】我们坚决反对在国与国之间实行强权政治。We_firmly_thepracticeofpowerpoliticsbetweennations.Suggestedanswers：are；opposedto2comeabout(P26)【原句再现】Sohowhasthiscome_aboutanddoesitmatter？这种情况是怎么发生的，有什么影响？【观察探究】Withtheuseofelectricity，greatchangeshavecomeabout.随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。Theaccidentcomesaboutinthisway.这事故就是这样发生的。Manyaquarrelhascomeaboutthroughamisunderstanding.许多争执都是由于误会产生的。【归纳总结】comeabout意为“发生，造成”，有时用it作主语，后面跟that引导的从句。【词汇辨析】comeabout与happen，occur，takeplace的异同。comeabout与happen，occur，takeplace同义。takeplace常指经过安排的。happen指“偶然发生”，等于occur。happentov.意为“偶然/碰巧做出”。Ithappens/happenedthatclause.碰巧occur/happento(prep.).发生在occurto(prep.).想起Itoccur(s/ed)(tosb.)todosth./thatclause想起，想到【即景活用】同义句转换Shehappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.A：It_thatshe_whenhecalled.B：She_nottobe_whenhecalled.C：It_shewasnotathomewhenhecalled.Suggestedanswers：A：happened；wasnotathomeB：happened；homeC：cameabout3resultin(P26)【原句再现】Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresulted_inthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他们还一致认为，正是因为越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧才导致了二氧化碳的增长。【观察探究】Thesemeasuresresultedinagreatvictory.由于采取了这些措施，打了一个大胜仗。Theplotresultedinfailure.阴谋以失败告终。【归纳总结】resultin的意思是“产生，导致”，与cause或leadto同义，其主语是起因；in的宾语是结果。resultfrom的意思是“由引起，产生”，与liein，asaresultof和becauseof同义，其主语是结果，from的宾语是起因。【即景活用】同义句转换(1)Hisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.Notworkinghardenough_hisfailure.(2)Hissicknesswascausedbyeatingtoomuch.AHissickness_eatingtoomuch.BHewasill_heatetoomuch.C_eatingtoomuch，hewasill.Suggestedanswers：(1)resultedin(2)resultedfrom；because；Asaresultof4quantitiesof(P26)【原句再现】Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantities_ofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.当我们把大量额外的二氧化碳排入大气层的时候，问题就出现了。【观察探究】(1)Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。 (2)Greatquantitiesofsandwerewasheddownthehillsidebytherain.雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。(3)Hecollectedquantities(aquantity)ofoldpictures.他收集了大量的旧画。(4)Thereisonlyasmallquantityofwineleft.只剩下很少一点酒了。【归纳总结】quantitiesofaquantityof，意为“大量的”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。quantitiesof无论修饰可数还是不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数。另外，quantity前面还可以加修饰成分，构成的短语有acertainquantityof (一定数量的)，alarge(great，good)quantityof(大量的)，asmallquantityof(少量的)，large(great，good)quantitiesof (大量的)，smallquantitiesof(少量的)。 【知识拓展】(1)quantity量，数量。如：Withoutquantitytherecanbenoquality.没有数量就没有质量。Thegovernmenthasbeenbuyingsilveringreatquantities.政府一直在大量购进白银。(ingreat/smallquantities意为“大/少量”，用作状语。)(2)表示“大量的”时，可用以下形式：修饰可数名词many，agreat/largenumberof，great/largenumbersof，agood/greatmany (后面没有of)，manya(后接单数名词，其谓语动词也用单数形式)修饰不可数名词much，agreat/largeamountof，great/largeamountsof，agreat/gooddealof既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词alotoflotsof，aquantityofquantitiesof，amassofmassesof，plentyof (前面没有a)这些短语均常被形容词修饰，如：alargenumberof，asmallamountof，agreatquantityof。quantitiesof/amountsof不可数名词复数动词；alotof/lotsof/plentyof不可数名词单数动词。inamount/amounts/quantity/quantities/number意为“在数量上，大量地”。【即景活用】(1)Weaimatqualityratherthan_.Anumber BamountCfigure Dquantity(2)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearth_eachyear.Aiswashingaway BisbeingwashedawayCarewashingaway DarebeingwashedawaySuggestedanswers：(1)D(2)D5evenif(P27)【原句再现】Even_ifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。【观察探究】Evenifitrainedheavily，westillmarchedon.即使大雨倾盆，我们还是继续前进。Evenifyouareagoodhighjumper，youjumpnomorethanthreemeters.即使是个优秀的跳高运动员，你也跳不过三米。Weshallgo，evenifitrains.就是下雨，我们也要去。【归纳总结】evenif有“虽然、即使、尽管”的意思，引导让步状语从句，可以与eventhough互换，语气比although和though强，可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。【知识拓展】though，although引导让步从句的用法：though，although引导让步从句时，后面的从句不能有but，但是可以用yet。如：Althoughitsraining，theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。Heisveryold，buthestillworksveryhard.虽然很老了，但他仍然努力地工作。Thoughthesorebehealed，yetascarmayremain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。(谚语)【即景活用】(1)Wellmakeatrip_theweatherisbad.AasforBevenifCbecauseof Daslongas(2)_sheisyoung，sheknowsquitealot.AWhenBHoweverCAlthough DUnlessSuggestedanswers：(1)B(2)C.词汇综合运用1用括号中所给的单词或短语翻译下列句子。(1)即使一个工人持续工作三十余年，他依然买不起房。(evenif)(2)总起来说，中国的房价太高。而且房价还在持续增长。(onthewhole；tend；keepon)(3)他们坚决要求把房价控制在一定的范围内。(range)(4)尽管政府已经采取了一些措施，但是房价依然在上涨，这导致了许多问题。(although；goup；resultin)(5)许多人想知道这是如何造成的。(comeabout)(6)他们反对政府采取的一些措施。(oppose)Suggestedanswers：(1)Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.(2)Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.(3)Theyinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.(4)Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.(5)Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.(6)Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernment.2连句成篇(按照一定的逻辑顺序适当调整句子的顺序，把上面的句子连成一篇小短文，必要时增加适当的连词。)_Suggestedanswers：Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernmentandinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.Step5Sentencefocus1.butitisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.(P26)但是，同自然界的其他变化相比，这种升高是迅速的。这是一个省略句，补全之后是.butitisarapidincreasewhenitiscomparedtoothernaturalchanges。一般说来，省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：(1)由when，while，as，before，after，till，until，once等引导的时间状语从句；(2)由whether，if，unless等引导的条件状语从句；(3)由though，although，evenif，whatever等引导的让步状语从句；(4)由as，than等引导的比较状语从句；(5)由as，asif，asthough等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略，而是遵循以下原则：(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连词(as，asif，once)名词。如：Once(hewas)aworker，PangLongnowbecomesafamoussinger.庞龙曾经是个工