江苏新版牛津英语7B-Unit-2-知识点VIP

7B Unit 2 知识点Comic strip1. Im going to visit our new neighbours. 我将要去拜访我的新邻居们。1) visit v. 参观，拜访visitor n. 访问者，参观者eg: They are visiting Shanghai. 他们正在参观上海。visit sb. 拜访某人 visit sp. 参观某地eg: Im going to visit my aunt. 我打算去看望我的姑妈。Many tourists visit China every year. 每年都有许多游客到中国参观。visit n. 访问，参观eg: They go on a visit to the seaside. 他们去海边游玩。2) neighbour(s) 邻居 n. 美式: neighbor(s) eg: Everyone wants a nice neighbour. 每个人都想要一个好邻居。2. Im afraid they wont welcome visitors like you. 我恐怕他们不会欢迎像你们这样的游客。1) Im afraid 用于礼貌或正式道歉或表示遗憾、对不起、恐怕等，一般用作插入语。eg: Im afraid I must leave. 恐怕我得走了。Im afraid not 恐怕不行，表示认为对方的意见可能不会发生，是委婉的否定。eg: -Would you like to go shopping with me? -Im afraid not. I have to do my homework. -和我去购物怎么样？ -恐怕不行。我得做家庭作业。2) like prep. 像，相似，类似，不能单独使用，要与动词连用 be like 像 look like 看起来像 seem like 仿佛，似乎eg: The Sun is like a great ball of fire. 太阳像个巨大的火球。She is only six years old, but he looks like an adult. 他只有6岁，但看起来像个大人。Welcome to the unit3. waiter n. (餐馆等的)服务员，是由动词wait加后缀-er构成的，对应词 waitres女服务员eg: “ This way, please, ” says the waiter. 服务员说: “ 请走这边。”类似：actor(演员)-actress(女演员)host(主持人)-hostess(女主持人)4. I live in a flat in City Garden in Ninth Street. 我住在第九大街城市花园的一所公寓。英语中地点状语的排列顺序与汉语中截然相反，即小地点在前，大地点在后。另外，书写时要注意地名、城市名、国家名等专有名词首字母须大写。eg: He lives in Flat 1188, Hilton Building, Shanghai, China. 他住在中国上海希尔顿大厦1188号公寓。5. Most of them have 14 floors. 它们中大多数有14层。eg: Most of them are going to climb the hill this Saturday. 本周六他们中的大多数人要去爬山。拓展：若of后接名词，结构为：most of +限定词/ 形容词性物主代词+名词eg: most of the students 大多数学生 most of my time 我的大部分时间类似：half of 中的一半some of 中的一些Reading 6. They are kind and helpful. 他们待人友善，乐于助人。helpful adj. 愿意帮忙的；有用的 在句中作表语或定语 help v. 帮助eg: Mr Green is a helpful teacher and we all like him. 格林先生是位乐于助人的老师，我们都喜欢他。反义词：helpless 无用的，没有帮助的eg: The book is helpless. I dont want to buy it. 这本书没有用。我不想买。7. They often meet at the community centre and share their different skills. 他们经常在社区中心相见并且分享不同的技能。skill(s) n. 技能，技巧eg: Can you show us your cooking skills? 你能像我们展示一下你的厨艺吗？reading skills 阅读技巧study skills 学习技巧writing skills 写作技巧8. They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决了各种各样的难题。help with sth. 帮助做某事help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事= help sb. to do sth.eg: He often helps me with my English. = He often helps me to learn English. 他经常帮我学英语。help n. 不可数，没有复数形式eg: The old man needs some help. 这位老人需要一些帮助。9. Theres something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出故障了。Theres something wrong with sth. 某物坏了，出故障了= something is not working well= something is brokeneg: Theres something wrong with my watch. 我的手表坏了。此句中wrong修饰不定代词something, 当形容词修饰不定代词如someone, anyone时，应放在所修饰的不定代词之后。拓展：Theres nothing wrong with 没有毛病/ 问题= Nothing is wrong with eg: Theres nothing wrong with my new bike. 我的新自行车没有毛病。10. Im going to ask a computer engineer to check it. 我打算请个电脑工程师来检查。1) engineer n. 工程师，技师an engineer 一位工程师2) check v. 检查，核实eg: Please check these figures. 请核实这些数字。check n. 检查，支票，账单eg: Could you give your homework a check? 你能检查一下你的家庭作业吗？check in 办理登记手续check out 结账后离开11. My cousin Annes bicycle is broken, so shes going to ask someone to fix it. 我表妹Anne的自行车坏了，因此她打算请个人来修理它。1) broken adj. 损坏了，破碎的 作表语或定语break v. 打破，打坏eg: The cup is broken. I need to buy a new one. 茶杯坏了，我需要买一个新的。2) someone 不定代词，意为“某人”,表示人,相当于somebody, 否定句中变为anyone/ anybodyeg: Listen! Someone is talking in the room. 听！有人在房间里说话。不定代词归类：指代人：everybody/ everyone 每个人；人人somebody/ someone某人；有人anyone/ anybody某人；任何人nobody/ no one 没有人；无人指代物：everything 每件事；一切事物something 某事物anything 某事物；任何事物nothing 没什么；什么也没有提醒：当someone等不定代词作主语是，谓语动词要用第三人称单数。eg: Everybody knows one and one is two. 人人都知道一加一等于二。当else修饰不定代词时，else应放在不定代词后面eg: Ask somebody else to help you. 请别人帮帮你。12. Some college students are ready to help. 一些大学生都乐于助人。be ready to do sth. 乐意做某事，准备好做某事，相当于be glad/ willing to do sth.eg: All the members in the Helping Hand Club are ready to do something to help others who are in need. 所有“援助之手”俱乐部的成员都乐意做些事情帮助有需要的人。be/ get ready for 表示 “为做好准备”eg: Everything is ready for the party. 晚会的一切准备就绪。13. Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them. 他们中的一些人经常拜访老人并且为他们购物。do some shopping 买东西= go shoppingdo some +v. ing 表示一些笼统而不指明的事eg: Would you like to do some shopping with me? 你想要和我去购物吗？类似短语：do some cleaning 打扫卫生 do some reading 读些书 do some washing 洗衣服 do some cooking 做饭14. Youre lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that, Simon. 住在像那样的居民区,你真幸 运,西蒙。lucky adj. 幸运的，作表语或定语luck n. 运气luckily adv. 幸运地eg: Im lucky to pass the exam. 我很幸运能通过这场考试。lucky day 幸运日lucky money 压岁钱 good luck 好运 bad luck 坏运a lucky dog 一个幸运儿Grammar1. 一般将来时(1)带有will和shall的一般将来时构成：主语+助动词shall(第一人称)或will(所有人称)+动词原形+其他。句型固定结构肯定句主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他否定句主语+wont/shant+动词原形+其他一般疑问句Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？用法：表示说话人说话是所做的决定。eg: We will visit the Summer Palace next Saturday. 我们下周六将去参观颐和园。表示说话人知道或认为将会发生某事。eg: Next month my sister will be 20. 下周我姐姐就20岁了。提醒：I will/ shall 可省略为Ill；I will not 可省略为I wont；I shall not可省略为I shant.(2) 带有be going to的一般将来时构成：主语+be going to+动词原形+其他句型固定结构肯定句主语+be going to+动词原形+其他否定句主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他一般疑问句Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？用法：表示决定要做的事情。eg: I know Lucy is ill. Im going to see her tomorrow morning. 我知道露西病了。我打算明天上午去看她。表示有可能即将发生的事情。eg: Look at the sky. Its going to be fine. 看天空，要转晴了。辨析：“will/ shall+动词原形”与“be going to+动词原形”表示客观上将要发生、与主观愿望和判断无关的，或不带有意愿色彩的将来，常用will+动词原形。eg: It will be Sunday tomorrow. 明天是星期天。表示计划、打算做某事过根据目前情况推测某事可能发生时，常用be going to+动词原形。eg: The twin brothers are going to fly model planes this afternoon. 双胞胎兄弟打算今天下午去试飞飞机。拓展：一般将来时中常用的时间状语：tomorrow, tomorrow morning, the day after tomorrow, in the future, from now on, in 2016, next week/ Saturday/ year, in three hours/ months2. My parents and I are planning a day out with my uncles family the day after tomorrow. 我和爸妈正在计划后天与叔叔一家出去一天。the day after tomorrow 后天(表将来)eg: Mr Green will fly to the USA the day after tomorrow. 格林先生后天将飞去美国。对应短语：the day before yesterday 前天(用于过去时)时间顺序：the day before yesterdayyesterdaytodaytomorrow the day after tomorrow3. He is going to make a fire. 他打算生火。fire n. 火(一般不可数，但指火灾或一场大火时为可数名词)make a fire 生火eg: There is a forest fire. 那儿又一场森林火灾。campfire 篝火firefighter 消防员fireman 消防员 firework 烟火fire alarm 火警fire safety 防火安全 fire station 消防站 be on fire 着火put out the fire 把火扑灭start a fire 燃起火catch a fire 着火make a fire 生火light a fire 点火play with fire 玩火,做危险的事Integrated skills4. policeman n. 警察eg: I want to be a policeman when I grow up. 我长大以后想要当一名警察。拓展: 英语中变复数时，把词尾-man改成-men的单词还有：postmanpostmen邮递员salesmansalesmen 售货员firemanfiremen消防员spacemanspacemen航天员拓展: 单独的police为集体名词，the police表示复数意义，做主语时谓语动词要用复数eg: The police are searching for the lost girl. 警察们正在搜寻丢失的女孩。5. Wendys elder brother. Wendy的姐姐。elder adj. 年纪较长的，指同辈中年纪较大的，年长的，用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系。elder brother/ sister 哥哥/姐姐 my elder son/ daughter 我的大儿子/大女儿eg: He is the elder brother. 他是哥哥。拓展: the elder 年长者eg: We should respect for the elder. 我们应当尊敬长辈。词条含义用法elderadj. 年纪较长的，强调次第一般只作定语不作表语olderadj. 老的，强调年龄一般只作表语不作定语eg: Tom is older than me. He is my elder brother. 汤姆年龄比我大。他是我的哥哥。6. so she goes to work by train.辨析in, on与by词条用法in, on后接表示交通工具的名词是，名词前加冠词、物主代词或指示性代词by后直接跟表示交通工具的名词且要用单数eg: Mr. White will go to Beijing on a train. = Mr. White will go to Beijing by train.怀特先生将要乘火车去北京。拓展：in, on与by为介词，引导的短语只能在句中作状语。若用谓语来表示交通方式则用相关动词，一般结构为 “take+限定词+交通工具+to sp.”, 相当于“go to sp.+by+交通工具”take a train/ bus/ ship/ bike to =go toby train/ bus/ ship/ bike=go toon a train/ bus/ ship/ bike提醒：对by+交通工具结构提问时，要用疑问词howeg: How do you usually go to school? By bike. 你通常怎么去学校？骑自行车。7. Millie is talking with her classmates about their future jobs. Millie正在跟她的同学们讨论他们将来的工作。job n. 工作，零工，任务eg: He does all kinds of odd jobs. 他做各种零活。辨析：work与jobwork“工作”，是不可数名词，不与不定冠词a连用。一般指固定的、比较抽象的工作。eg: He has a lot of work to do. 他有很多工作要做。job“工作”，是可数名词，可与不定代词a连用，特别指有报酬的工作(固定工作)，也可指临时性的工作，如零工、包工、散工等具体的某种活儿。eg: He cant find a job in the city. 他在城里找不到工作。8. What are you going to be in the future? 你将来要成为什么？解析：in the future介词短语 在将来future n. 将来eg: Who knows what will happen in the future? 谁知道将来会发生什么？提醒：in future以后，今后，相当于from now oneg: In future, be more careful with your homework. 以后做家庭作业要更加仔细。9. That sounds like a good idea. 那听起来是个好主意。sound v. 听起来，后直接跟形容词作表语，构成系表结构。eg: Does the story sound interesting? 故事听起来有趣吗？拓展：sound还可作名词，意为声音eg: Can you hear the sound of the rain? 你能听到雨声吗？提醒：常用的系动词有become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn等eg: The water is getting cold. 水变凉了。10. I want to help sick people. 我想帮助病人。sick adj. 生病的，不舒服的sickness n. 同义词：illeg: He has to take care of his sick brother. 他得照顾他生病的弟弟。sicksick表示“令人作呕的，恶心的；生病的”。可作定语和表语。a sick smell 令人恶心的气味 eg: The sick tree is several hundred years old. 这棵病树已经生长了好几百年了。illill作定语通常表示“坏的，邪恶的”作表语表示“生病的”。eg: He was too ill to eat anything. 他病的吃不下任何东西。Task11. Please look at the information below. 请看下面的信息。(1)information n. 信息 不可数名词some information 一些信息eg: He wants to get further information. 他想得到进一步的信息。拓展：表示“一条信息” a piece of information“两条信息” two pieces of information(2)below adv. 在下面反义词：above 在上面eg: Read the words below and practise more. 读下面的单词并多加练习。12. Are you worrying about what to wear to a party or how to design your home? 你在担心派对穿什么还是如何设计你的家吗？(1)worry about 为担心后接名词、代词、动名词worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事worry about doing sth. 为做某事而担心eg: