全国2009年1月高等教育自学考试.doc

全国2009年1月高等教育自学考试 语言与文化试题 课程代码：00838I.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichofthefouralternativesbestcompletesthestatement.(20%) 1.Thereisno_relationshipbetweenwordsandtheirmeanings.() A.optionalB.arbitrary C.sensibleD.logical 2.Itissuggestedthatmostemotionalinformationisconveyedby_ratherthanlanguageperse.() A.silentlanguageB.verbalinteraction C.bodylanguageD.attitudinalcommunication3.Ahot,freshlycookedsausagesandwichedinasplitrollofbreadiscalled_. () A.hamburgerB.sandwich C.hotdogD.pudding4.“AChauvinistpig”referstoapersonwhobelievesthatwomenare_.() A.inferiorB.sociable C.frailD.pronetotears5.Englishisoftensaidtobegrammatically_becauseEnglishusesfrequentlyinflectionalmorphemestoindicatethegrammaticalrelationsbetweenlinguisticelements.() A.paratacticB.hypotactic C.explicitD.implicit6.“他住在美国马萨诸塞州剑桥神德街2号”canbetranslatedinto_.（） A.HelivesatDivinityAvenue2,Cambridge,Massachusetts,U.S.A. B.HelivesatDivinityAvenue2inCambridgeofMassachusetts,U.S.A. C.Helivesat2DivinityAvenue,Cambridge,Massachusetts,U.S.A. D.HelivesinU.S.A.,Massachusetts,Cambridge,2DivinityAvenue.7.Whenpeopleshakehands,_.() A.bothmenandwomenusuallytakeofftheirglovesbeforetheyshakehands B.menusuallytakeoffglovesbeforetheyshakehands C.neithermennorwomentakeoffgloves D.menextendtheirhandsfirst8.WhichstatementisthebestresponsetousewhenanEnglishspeakerrefusesthecomplimentwhichmerelycomesoutofpoliteness?() A.Oh,Iwishitcouldbetrue.B.Doyoureallythinkso? C.Oh,youaretoopolite.D.No,Idontthinkso. 9.Thebusstopped.Hegotoffthebus. Theabovesentencesarerelated_.() A.hypotacticallyB.paratactially C.inaparallelwayD.unreasonably10.Theweatherclearedjustasthepartyapproachedthesummit.Untilthentheyhadseennothingofthepanoramaaroundthem. Thelogicalrelationshipbetweentheabovesentencesis_.() A.additiveB.adversative C.causalD.temporal11.TheequivalentAmericanEnglishexpressionfor“私立学校”is_.() A.publishschoolB.privateschool C.primaryschoolD.highschool12.TheChinesemeaningof“Mercury”is_.() A.水星B.金星 C.火星D.木星13.Whatnonverbalmessagedoeswavinggood-byeconvey?() A.AccentingB.Complementing C.RepeatingD.Substituting14.Nonverbalcommunicationconveys_.() A.feelingB.meaning C.actionD.anger 15._issynonymousto“tokeepoutoftrouble.”() A.“Tokeeponesnoseclean”B.“Tomindonespsandqs” C.“Tokeepastraightface”D.“Torideononeshighhorse”16._alludestoanidealisticandimpracticalperson.() A.RomeoB.DonQuixote C.DonJuanD.Cinderella17.“Aaronsrod”isderivedfrom_.() A.RomanmythologyB.sports C.theBibleD.Englishpoetry18.Amarketusingunderhandbutnotstrictlyillegalmethodsforsellingscarcegoodsathighpricesisoftenreferredtoas_.() A.ablackmarketB.abluemarket C.apurplemarketD.agreymarket19.“Humanresourcesdevelopment”,asaeuphemism,maysimplymean_.() A.unemploymentB.populationgrowth C.agoodmarketD.theagingprocess20._isoftenusedasatitleforthechildrenofcertainBritishnoblemenandforvariousgovernmentofficials.() A.ExcellencyB.Honourable C.MajestyD.RoyalII.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichalternativecancompletethestatement.Theremightbemorethanonecorrectanswer.(10%) 21.Languageis_. A.aninstrumentusedinthecommunicationofthought B.thefunctionofthehumanbrain C.closelyrelatedtothinking D.nonverbalfromtheverybeginning22.Conceptualmeaningrefersto_content.() A.cognitiveB.stylistic C.associativeD.logical23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretruetothenatureofgrammaticalmorpheme? () A.TherearemoregrammaticalmorphemesinChinesethaninEnglish. B.EnglishhasbeenlosingitsgrammaticalmorphemeandbecomingmoreandmoresimilartoChinese. C.GrammaticalsubjectsandobjectsoccurmorefrequentlyinEnglishthaninChinese. D.InEnglish,ifthecontextmakesclearwhatthesubjectsandobjectsare,theydonothavetooccur. 24.WhenEnglishspeakersacceptaninvitation,theymayreplywith“_”.() A.Thatsverykindofyou.Thankyou. B.Thatwouldbeverynice.Thankyou. C.Thankyouverymuch.Illtrytocome. D.IllgoifIamfree.25.Inanormaltextsentencesareconnected_.() A.hypotacticallyB.paratactially C.inaparallelwayD.unreasonably26.TheEnglishequivalentfor“运动鞋”is_.() A.sneakersB.snakes C.gymshoesD.leathershoes27.“Waggingonesforefinger”isusedto_.() A.warnothersnottodosomething B.greetothers C.arouseothersinterest D.indicatewhatothersaredoingiswrong28.“Tokeeponesowncompany”meanseverythingbelowBUT“_”.() A.todoonesownbusiness B.tohavefriendsaround C.tobenotmixedwithothers D.tocareforonlyonesowncompany29.Themetaphorthat“Ideasarefood”canbeillustratedby_.() A.“Thisisthemeatypartofthepaper” B.“Hisideaswillliveonforever” C.“Ijustcantswallowthatclaim” D.“Letmestewoverthatforawhile”30.InEnglishculture_arenormallyatabootopics.() A.ageandincomeB.clothesandartifacts C.politicalbeliefsD.religiousbeliefsIII.Fillineachunderlinedspacewithaproperexpression.(20%) 31.Languageisthecarrierand_container_ofculture. 32.Eachlanguagerepresentsa_system_ofmeaningthatisdifferentfromanyothersuchsystems. 33.Englishspeakersaredirectpeoplewhotendtolocate_central_meaningbeforeperipheralmeaning. 34.IninformalsituationsEnglishspeakerstendtoaddressothersbyusingtheir_given_names. 35.Hypotacticrelationsatthesententiallevelrefertoconstructionswhosecomponentsarelinkedthroughtheuseof_conjunctions_. 36.InAmericanEnglish,theletters“er”intheword“clerk”arepronouncedas_ :r _. 37.Nonverbalcommunicationiscommunicationwithout_words_. 38._A Cleopatra_thatalludestoawomanofbreathtakingbeautyisderivedfromoneoftheShakespearesplays. 39.“Hislifecontainedalotofsorrow”illustratesthemetaphorthat“Lifeisa_container_.”40.Questionslike“Areyoumarriedorsingle?”,“Whatsyourreligion?”,areinappropriatebecausetheyarerelatedto_taboos_,animportantpartofindividualisticculture.IV.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.(12%) 41.InEnglishspeakingcountries,whatdoes“crossingonesfinger”mean? It signifies good luck in English speaking countries.42.Howistheallusion“anOliverTwist”usedinEnglish? An Oliver Twist means a child who roams the streets (from Charles Dickensnovel Oliver Twist )43.Whyareboth“你”and“您”equivalentto“you”inEnglish? Because Chinese has much more honourifics than English.44.WhyisitsaidthatEnglishisalanguagewithexplicitgrammarandChineseisalanguagewithimplicitgrammar? Because English has more grammatical morphemes than Chinese and these grammatical morphemes are used more frequently in English than in Chinese.V.Translation.(18%) 45.牛皮纸 brown paper46.这是秃子头上的虱子，明摆着：他恋爱了。 Its as plain as the nose on your face: hes in love .47.Homersometimesnods. 智者千虑，必有一失。48.Itisverycoldhereinwinter. 冬天这里很冷。49.GloriousRevolutionisthetermgiventotheoverthrow(1688-1689)ofJamesIIandtheproclamationofWilliamIIIandMaryIIasthejointsovereigns. 光荣革命指1688-1689年推翻詹姆斯二世，宣布威廉三世和玛丽二世联合统治的一次政变50.Oursisaprofessionwhichtraditionallyhasbeenguidedbyapreceptthattranscendsthevirtueofutteringthetruthfortruthssake,andthatis“asfaraspossibledonotharm.” 我们这个职业传统上恪守的信念超越了为讲真话而讲真话这一美德，它主张“尽可能不造成损害”。VI.Discussthefollowingtopics.(20%) 51.Discussthecross-culturaldifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinesethanks. Differences exist in what to thank for , how to thank others , and whom to thank . English speakers usually express their gratituded for both mino