Book8 Unit2 Cloning.docx

Book8 Unit2 Cloning目标认知重点词汇: differ, undertake, disturbing, cast down, objection, forbid, accumulate, in favor of, obtain重点句型：such as/suchas的用法 语法：同位语归纳 精讲巧练differ【原句回放】In pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Explain how they differ. (P10)【点拨】differ vi. to be different from sth. else 表示“ 不同, 相异”，常见的搭配有：A differ from/ with B on/ about sth. 表示“关于某事A不同于B”，differ in 在方面不同。如：I differ with him on how to solve the problem.They differ with each other on moral standards.Japanese differs greatly from French in pronunciation. 【拓展】 difference n. 差异, 差别；different adj.不同的如:There are many differences between living in a big city and living in the country.They sometimes have different ideas about living, working and playing.常见词组：be different from 与不同make a difference 有很大差别, 有很大的关系undertake【原句回放】The procedure is difficult to undertake, of course. (P11)【点拨】 undertake vt. to agree to be responsible for a job or project and do it表示“ 从事，着手做，承担”，undertake to do sth。 许诺做某事；undertake that 保证如：The lawyer undertook the case without a fee. I undertook to teach the children English.I cant undertake that you will make a profit.【拓展】undertaking n. 表示“任务，事业；许诺”如He was required to give a written undertaking not to disclose the details of their contract.Organizing a wedding is a major undertaking. disturbing【原句回放】Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. (P12)【点拨】disturbing adj. making you feel worried or upset 表示“令人不安的，令人烦恼的”，常用来修饰物；disturbed adj. 表示“被扰乱的, 不安的”，常用来修饰人。如：It is very disturbing that there has been an increase in crime in the last six months.I am very disturbed by the complaints that have been made against you.They are very disturbed children who need help.【拓展】disturb vt. 表示“扰乱, 弄乱，打扰”。如：The host was quite annoyed when he found out that his things on the bookshelves had been disturbed. Im sorry to disturb you with this question. I have heard some bad news that has disturbed me very much. cast down【原句回放】Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illness was more appropriate to a much older animal.(P12)【点拨】cast down：feeling unhappy and depressed，表示“使沮丧, 低沉， 使下降”；be cast down=feel discouraged.如: He was much cast down by the failure of the experiment.Dont be so cast down. Just keep up your spirits.【拓展】castvt. 表示“扔；投；掷；脱落”。如： As soon as they reached the fishing area, the fishermen cast their nets into the sea. Every year the snake casts (off) its skin. 相关短语：cast away丢弃, 使失事, 使漂流cast off 放弃；丢弃 cast out 赶走, 驱逐objection【原句回放】On the other hand , Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.(P12) 【点拨】 objection n. a statement that shows that you disagree with a plan 表示“反对，异议, 拒绝之理由”，have/take/ feel an objection to 对提出异议；对表示反对如:My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.I feel a strong objection to getting up early. Have you any objection to my opening the window?【拓展】 object vi. 表示“反对, 拒绝”，后面常跟介词 to或against ；vt. 表示“提出来反对”， 可接that引导的从句； 也可用作n. 表示“物体, 宾语, 对象”，如unidentified flying object (UFO) 不明的飞行物, 飞碟。However, others strongly object to developing private cars. I object that he is too young to take that position. Tell me the names of the objects in this room.forbid【原句回放】Governments became nervous and many forbade research into human cloning.(P12)【点拨】 forbid vt. to state that sth. is not allowed, according to a rule or law 表示“ 禁止，不准”，其过去式和过去分词是：forbade, forbidden, 用法如下：forbid sb. to do 禁止某人做某事； forbid doing禁止做某事。如:Smoking is forbidden in the concert hall. Most of the parents agree to forbade their children to smoke. 【拓展】区别：forbid， ban， prohibit 三者都含“禁止”的意思。forbid系常用词, 指“命令某人不做某事”。ban 语气较重, 指权威机关“正式禁止”, 含“严厉谴责”之意,只能用事物作其宾语。prohibit指“通过法律或政府法令禁止”, 如:The doctor forbids him to smoke. Ban atomic and nuclear weapons! 禁止原子武器和核武器!The soldiers were prohibited from leaving camp after dark. accumulate【原句回放】Some countries such as China and the UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. (P12)【点拨】 accumulate vt.vi. to get more and more of sth. over a period of time, 表示“积累, 堆积”；强调“经过一段比较长的时间由少到多的积累”，使用范围较广。如：The company has accumulated great wealth within a few years. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the London Zoo felt obliged to investigate.然而，随着这种迹象越来越明显，来自伦敦动物园的专家们被迫开始了调查。【拓展】 accumulation n. 表示“积聚,累积量”；accumulative adj. 表示“累积的，渐增的”。如：The accumulation of knowledge can make us more intelligent.There are large accumulations of snow on the street. His disease resulted from the accumulative effects of eating too much.他的病是由于长期饮食过量造成的。in favor of【原句回放】Is it in favor of cloning or against cloning?(P12)【点拨】in favor of ：to support a person or an idea, etc that you believe it is right, 表示“赞成；有利于”，其反义词be against.如：The score was 80 to 78 in favour of the guest team.The exchange rate is in our favour today.常见短语：vote in favor of sth. 投票赞成（某事）【拓展】favor vt.n. 表示“赞同，赞成；偏袒；偏爱”常见短语：in sbs favor 对某人有利do sb. a favor 帮某人个忙如：The delay might actually work in our favor.延迟事实上也许对我们有利。Will you do me a favor and phone for me? obtain【原句回放】Meanwhile you will obtain a lot of information. (P18) 【点拨】obtain vt.vi. to get sth. you want or need, especially by going through a process that is difficult, 表示“得到，获得”。obtain sth. by doings sth. 通过做某事获取某物如:I havent been able to obtain that book. The facts had been obtained from thousands of students in their first year of university study by asking such questions as these. 【拓展】 区别：get， obtain， acquire， gain 都含“得到，获得”的意思。get指“以某种方法或手段得到某种东西”；obtain是较正式用语, 常指“通过努力工作、奋力或请求而得到所需的东西”；acquire强调“经过漫长的努力过程而逐渐获得”； gain往往指“通过努力或有意识行动而获得某种有益或有利的东西”。如:Did you get my telegram last Sunday? He obtained experience through practice. We should try to acquire good habits. I hope you will gain greater success. 【such as/ such as用法】【原句回放1】Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. (P1