议论文、社会专练二.doc

完形、阅读专练二（议论文）一、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 1 . Solitude can be hard to discover 2 it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 3 our culture.The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a ( n) 4 as weve known it. People have become so 5 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 6 theyd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog(写博客), not only from our 7 but from our mobile phones as well.Most developed nations have become 8 on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 9 it would make them an outsider. 10 , many jobs and careers require people to be 11 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 12 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 13 wants it. Computers can be shut 14 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be connected and on has many 15 , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 16 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 17 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 18 to unwanted texts.Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 19 across generations. Some find todays technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyones view on the subject, its hard to imagine what life would be like 20 daily advancements in technology.1. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected2. A. though B. until C. once D. before3. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved4. A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance5. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable6. A. even if B. only if C. as if D. if only7. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors8. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent9. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing10. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow11. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested12. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment13. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really14. A. out B. down C. up D. in15. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions16. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted17. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused18. A. turn B. submit C. object D. reply19. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist20. A. beyond B. within C. despite D. without 二、阅读理解（社会文化类）AHow is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children arent getting the same one-on-one time with parents. But that doesnt mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns dont enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents. 21. The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “_”.A. in a different family environmentB. in a different family tradition C. in different family crisesD. in different families22. In terms of language development, later-borns _.A. get their parents individual guidance B. learn a lot from their elder siblingsC. experience a lot of difficulties D. pick up words more quickly23. What was found about fights among siblings? A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing. B. Siblings in some families fought frequently. C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships. D. Siblings learned to get on together from fights.24. The word “feminine” (in Para. 4) means “_”. A. having qualities of parents B. having qualities of women C. having defensive qualitiesD. having extraordinary qualities BSan Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And, Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge, which has attracted international attention, is now a local landmark. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder, Amos Peters, to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars. The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built, squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over. One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth, and that days coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council(市政会).The Council approved, and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere named the bridge “Nutty Narrows.”After architects designed the bridge, Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started Construction, They built the 60-foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose(消防水带). It cost 1,000. It didnt take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching them the ropes. The story was picked up by the media, and Nutty Narrows became know in newspapers all over the world. In 1983, after 20 years of use, Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983, hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge. Peters died in 1984, and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project. 25. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to _. A. offer squirrels a place to eat nutsB. set up a local landmarkC. help improve traffic D. protect squirrels26. What happened over the coffee break discussion?A. The committee got the Councils blessing. B. The squirrel bridge idea was bornC. A councilwoman named the bridgeD. A squirrel was found dead. 27. What does the underlined phrase “teaching them the ropes” probably means in the text?A. passing them a ropeB. Directing them to store food for winterC. Teaching them a lessonD. Showing them how to use the bridge.28. Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?A. It was replaced by a longer one. B. It was built from wood and metal C. it was rebuilt after years of use D. It was designed by Bill Hutch. 29. What can we learn about Amos Peters?A. He is remembered for his love of animals.B. He donated $1,000 to build the bridgeC. He was a member of the City CouncilD. He was awarded a medal for building the bridge. A【文章大意】同一家庭出身的兄弟姐妹性格为何不同？那是因为他们生活于不同的家庭环境：对于父母的体验，第一个出生的孩子与以后出生的孩子会迥然不同；在语言发展上，后出生的孩子更喜欢向哥哥姐姐学习而不是向父母学习63.A【命题立意】词义猜测题。难度中等。【解题思路】根据第一段第二句中的“different experience”以及第一段最后一句中“might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother and angry father.”可知，该短语意为“生活在不同的家庭环境中”，故A项正确。64.B【命题立意】细节理解题。难度中等。【解题思路】根据第二段最后一句话中“Later-borns dont enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sister”可知后出生者更倾向于向兄弟姐妹学习，故B项正确。65.D【命题立意】细节理解题。难度中等。【解题思路】根据第三段最后一句“Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much posistive communication as the other sibling pairs.”可知，即使兄弟姐妹间争吵不断，他们也在此中学习相处之道，故D项正确。66.B【命题立意】词义猜测题。难度中等。【解题思路】根据语境可知，有兄弟的女孩比有姐妹的女孩更具有女性品质特征，故B项正确。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了名胜Nutty Narrow Bridge的由来。因为Peters发现经常有松鼠因为横穿马路被车压死而萌生了为松鼠建一座桥的想法，经过议会批准，他和其他人建成了这座专为松鼠通行的桥，1983年，松鼠桥重修。1984年Peters去世。但他为此而受到人们的纪念。67.【答案】D【解析】由第二段中的to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars可知，修建Nutty Narrow Bridge的目的是保护松鼠安全地过马路。注意不要选A，因为这座桥不是给松鼠提供吃干果的地方。【考点定位】考查细节理解。68.【答案】B【解析】根据第四段中的and that days coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safetycooked up the squirrel bridge idea可知，在某一天喝咖啡时间的讨论中，Peters和其他人萌生了给松鼠建座桥的想法。【考点定位】考查细节理解。69.【答案】D【解析】根据前面的guiding their young，可以推断此处应该是松鼠教它们的孩子如何使用绳索，而不是给它们递绳子，也不是给它们一个教训。【考点定位】考查猜测词义。70.【答案】C【解析】根据文章倒数第二段中的In 1983, after 20 years of use, Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced.可知，绳索用了20年后，Peters进行了修缮，并替换上了新的绳索。文中没有涉及是否替换的绳索更长；第五段中提到绳索是铝制的，而且是一个architect设计的，只是说Peters和Hutch开始建设，所以C正确。【考点定位】考查细节理解。71.【答案】A【解析】根据最后一段中的a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.可以推断，Peters因为爱动物，倡导修建这座桥而被人们记住。所以A正确。【考点定位】考查推理判断。【考点】科技类议论文【文章大意】在现代社会中，由于数码技术的发展，我们独处的概念几乎不复存在。尽管人们对现代技术的发展持有不同的看法，但是技术的进步，我们的生活会完全不同。让我们尽情的享受生活。36【答案】C【考点】动词义辨析【试题解析】根据第一句话“The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent.“在数码时代里，独处的概念几乎是不存在的”可知，此处表示信息是被共享的。故选C项。【难度】一般37【答案】C【考点】连词词义辨析【试题解析】根据上下无奈语境，一旦被放弃孤独是很难发现的。once意为“一旦”，符合语境。though意为“尽管”；until意为“直到”；before意为“在之前”。都不符合题意。【难度】一般38【答案】B【考点】动词词义辨析【试题解析】根据上下文，句意：在这方面，新技术塑造着我们的未来。respect意为“尊重”；shape意为“塑造，使成形”；ignore意为“忽视”；preserve意为“保护”。根据语境可知，应选B项。【难度】一般39【答案】C【考点】动词词义辨析【试题解析】根据本句中的connect（连接）可知，此处表示终止孤独。end意为“结束，终止”，符合语境。【难度】一般40【答案】D【考点】形容词词义辨析【试题解析】根据后半句“and connections that one can often be contacted 41 theyd rather not be.人们能够经常被联系”可知，在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达到。reachable意为“可达到的，可获得的”，符合语境。【难度】一般41【答案】A【考点】连词词义辨析【试题解析】根据上下文，可推知， 在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达到以致即使不愿意被联系，也可能经常被联系。根据语境可知，应选A项。even if意为“即使”；only if意为“只要”；as if意为“似乎”；if only意为“要是该多好”。【难度】一般42【答案】B【考点】名词词义辨析【试题解析】根据上文中的network可知，交谈、发短信、法电子邮件等等应与电脑有关。故选B项。【难度】一般43【答案】D【考点】动词词义辨析【试题解析】根据后半句“theyve grown accustomed to it”可知，许多发达国家已经依赖于数码技术。dependent (on)意为“依靠的”，符合语境。bent (on)意为“决心的”；hard（on）意为“严厉的”；keen (on)意为“爱好，喜欢”。【难度】一般44【答案】B【考点】动词词义辨析【试题解析】根据前半句“Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it,”可知，此处意为：不使用它会让他们成为局外人。故选B项。【难度】一般45【答案】A【考点】副词词义辨析【试题解析】此处表示进一步陈述人们与新技术的联系。故选A项。【难度】一般46【答案】A【考点】动词词义辨析【试题解析】许多工作和职业需要人们被联系。根据上下文多次提到connect和contact可知，应选A项。【难度】一般47【答案】C【考点】名词词义辨析【试题解析】根据后半句“may not want to be able to be contacted at all times”可知，经常被联系是一种负担。A项意为“愉悦”；benefit意为“利益”；disappointment意为“失望”，均与语境不符。故选C项。【难度】一般48【答案】D【考点】副词词义辨析【试题解析】独处对于真正想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的。slightly意为“稍微”；hardly意为“几乎不”；merely意为“仅仅”；really意为“真正地”。 really符合语境。【难度】一般49【答案】B【考点】动词短语词义辨析【试题解析】根据后半句中的“turn off”可知，此处应为意义一致的短语，shut down意为“关闭”，符合语境。shut out意为“关在外面，遮住”；shut up意为“住口”；shut in意为“关进”。【难度】一般50【答案】C【考点】动词词义辨析【试题解析】根据disadvantages可知这句的句意，“除了劣势之外，还有很多优势”。故选C项。【难度】一般51【答案】B【考点】形容词词义辨析【试题解析】根据后半句“mobile phones have saved countless lives.”，可知此处指旅游者在山上迷路了。故选B项。【难度】一般52【答